Am 07.10.2023 um 22:41:01 Uhr schrieb Kirill Miazine via mailop:

> Recently I experienced a very "interesting" case which gave my
> personal email server "poor" "sender score" due to high rate of
> emails sent from my server to non-existent users.

Normal, because spammers often have mass of non-existing (mostly not
anymore) addresses and because these lists are often sold, many
spammers will try it.

> I think I figured out what it was. A user sent an email to another 
> family member, but using contact's old email domain which used to be 
> hosted by Fastmail, but where no such user would exist anymore (I
> don't know if domain still exists as a domain at Fastmail, but
> clearly MX point to them).

> I'd guess a 5xx response would be appropriate -- at least on port 25, 
> but Fastmail sent 451, and made my Exim try -- and keep re-trying --
> all IP addresses of all their MX. I have very conservative retry
> rules, so emails would be kept in the queue for a month...

That is fastmails bad configuration. Permanent errors like "mailbox
doesn't exist" must have a permanent error code (5xx) to avoid retry.

> Senders to Fastmail beware, and maybe consider treating their 4xx
> errors as permanent.

Fastmail must fix that - every MTA will try it again and again if a 4xx
error occurs and that will flood them with the messages many times.
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