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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-1379?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=12800627#action_12800627
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Bochun Bai commented on MAPREDUCE-1379:
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Arun, answering your first question "why do need this new config".
Limit separately is minimal 2 tasks running concurrently, 1 mapper and 1 
reducer. I have seen some questions in the maillist asked how to limit them 
both. I think he must face the same problem I did.
Some of my servers are shared with other service. I use map=1 reduce=1 total=1.

And these 2 situations made me this patch.
Situation A:
  Most jobs have thousand of map tasks and only a few reducer. 
Situation B:
  But some of the tasks set the number of reduce tasks large.

Solve A:  For 8-core CPU, m=7,r=1 seted
Solve B:  For 8-core CPU, m=8,r=8,t=9 seted. to avoid high loadavg.

I have to config both of them, so a total config is needed.

> Limit both numMapTasks and numReduceTasks
> -----------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: MAPREDUCE-1379
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-1379
>             Project: Hadoop Map/Reduce
>          Issue Type: New Feature
>          Components: tasktracker
>    Affects Versions: 0.22.0
>            Reporter: Bochun Bai
>            Priority: Trivial
>         Attachments: limit-both-numMapTasks-and-numReduceTasks.patch
>
>
> In some environment, the number of concurrent running process is very 
> sensitive.
>   mapreduce.tasktracker.map.tasks.maximum
> and
>   mapreduce.tasktracker.reduce.tasks.maximum
> limit tasks running on each tasktracker separately.
> This patch limits them together, using 
> mapreduce.tasktracker.total.tasks.maximum

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