Dear colleagues,

I am excited to announce the publication of a paper developing predictions
of daily lactation costs and their potential application to data-limited or
data-poor marine mammals. Citation and abstract are pasted below. The paper
is freely available at
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0352443.

Please don't hesitate to reach out ([email protected]) with any questions.

Best,

Liz McHuron

*Citation:*
McHuron EA (2026) Predicting daily lactation costs of marine mammals for
use in bioenergetic models. PLoS One 21(7): e0352443.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0352443

*Abstract:*
Empirical estimates of energetic processes are limited or absent for many
marine mammal species, hindering the ability to quantify
disturbance-related impacts on population dynamics using bioenergetic
approaches. In this study, published estimates of mass-specific milk intake
rates and milk energy density from marine mammals and taxonomically related
terrestrial mammals were used to examine how these variables changed as a
function of the percentage of time into the lactation interval. Predictions
of milk energy intake derived from these relationships were compared with
independent estimates from other approaches to inform their utility in
estimating daily lactation costs of data-poor species. Daily mass-specific
milk intake rates declined between the start and end of lactation for all
taxonomic groups, but the rate of decline was much steeper for ursids,
artiodactyls, and mustelids than it was for otariids or phocids. Similarly,
most taxonomic groups exhibited some increases in milk energy density as
lactation progressed, but the magnitude and timing varied among families.
Comparisons with independent estimates revealed the likely utility for
using the derived relationships in estimating daily lactation costs of
data-poor phocids, otariids, and mustelids, with some caveats. There was a
large mismatch in the temporal pattern between independent estimates for
cetaceans and predictions derived from semi-aquatic and terrestrial
species, indicating that cetaceans have higher mass-specific milk intake
rates early in lactation compared to most other species that then rapidly
decline during the first 10–25% of the lactation interval. Such differences
may be an adaptation to a fully aquatic lifestyle and highlight the
importance of other methods for estimating daily lactation costs of
data-poor cetaceans in bioenergetic models.


Elizabeth McHuron, PhD
Research Scientist, UW CICOES
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