Last week I blogged about the seeming gap between Engels and Rachel Carsons, who is widely regarded as the founder of modern ecological thought. It turns out that Engels influenced Bukharin, who in turn influenced Haldane. So let Foster connect the dots:

Rachel Carson was later to characterize the Haldane-Oparin theory of the origin of life as constituting the core of an integrated ecological view of life on the planet: "From all this we may generalize that, since the beginning of biological time, there has been the closest possible interdependence between the physical environment and the life it sustains. The conditions on the young earth produced life; life then at once modified the conditions of the earth, so that this single extraordinary act of spontaneous generation could not be repeated. In one form or another, action and interaction between life and its surroundings has been going on ever since."


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