FRANCISCO DUPUIS, an African American man, fled the United States for Mexico and petitioned the federal government there for citizenship in 1850, arguing that his many years of service and loyalty made him worthy. Witness accounts and evidence that he had fought in the artillery unit of the Mexican army that defended Tampico during the Mexican-American War accompanied his application. He was issued a/carta de naturalización/(naturalization letter) signed by the president of Mexico shortly thereafter.

Alice L. Baumgartner’s/South to Freedom: Runaway Slaves to Mexico and the Road to the Civil War/presents little-known, but astounding narratives of Black Americans such as Dupuis who claimed freedom in Mexico in the antebellum period. She argues that fugitives from slavery who fled to Mexico threatened American slavery, igniting the sectional crisis that led to the overturning of the Missouri Compromise and the birth of the Republican Party. “The US drive to extend slavery to the Pacific had cost Mexico half of its territory,” the author adds, and it was this land that had kept the sectional crises at bay — crises later unleashed as the United States seized territory from Mexico where slavery was already abolished.

https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/abolition-from-below-on-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico/



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