The high cost of child care is making mothers rethink having kids 

 
Recent research suggests that the price of child care shapes fertility 
decisions like whether and when to have children, and how many to have.
 
By Bryce Covert, The 74 – January 20,  2026
 
The fertility rate for the United States has long been on a downward trend and 
is currently at a historic low. The price of child care, meanwhile, has been 
steadily rising; it grew 29% between 2020 and 2024, easily outpacing inflation, 
according to Child Care Aware of America.
 
Could those two trends be related? New research and surveys indicate yes.
 
In a recent research paper, Boston University economics Ph.D. candidate Abigail 
Dow finds that when child care prices increase, some American families decide 
to put off having more children, and many don’t have more children at all. 
 
Dow looked at child care prices across the country in a dataset compiled and 
published by the Women’s Bureau at the Department of Labor with data from 2010 
to 2022. 
 
She then isolated a “shock” to child care prices — an event, unrelated to 
something like a recession or a spike in inflation, that made the cost of care 
go either up or down. The shock she identified was that when states mandate 
smaller group sizes and/or lower child to staff ratios, child care prices rise, 
so she studied what happened to fertility decisions when states passed such 
regulations.
 
“My key takeaway is that child care costs are high in the U.S., and I do find 
they’re a barrier to having children,” Dow said. She found that a 10% increase 
in the price of child care for children from birth to 2 years old led to a 5.7% 
decrease in the birth rate among women aged 20 to 44. Her research also found 
that the price increase leads to women delaying when they have children: a 10% 
increase prompts women to push back their first birth by four months and to 
extend the time between a first and second child by half a month. Dow found 
that women’s decisions about whether to have second and third children were 
particularly hampered by high child care prices. 
 
Full at:
 
https://19thnews.org/2026/01/high-child-care-costs-fertility-decisions/
 
 
 




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