" Saif al-Islam ( 
https://www.lse.ac.uk/lse-player/libya-past-present-and-future ) Alqadhafi is 
currently Chairman of the Gaddafi International Foundation for Charity and 
Development based in Tripoli, Libya. He received his Ph.D. from the London 
School of Economics in 2009. The topic of his thesis was The Role of Civil 
Society in the Democratization of Global Governance Institutions: From 'Soft 
Power' to Collective Decision-Making? ( 
https://ssir.org/images/blog/Dissertation.pdf ) "

Saif Gaddafi's Ralph Miliband Lecture ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair ) (Oy Vey, chuckle ( 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkYeKYtzZhA ) !)

" On 25 May 2010, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saif_al-Islam_Gaddafi ) gave a "Ralph Miliband 
lecture" at the LSE, named after Ralph Miliband ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Miliband ) , a Marxist scholar and former 
LSE lecturer. Gaddafi spoke on the topic of "Libya: Past, Present, and Future." 
[ 43 ] ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-43 
) In introducing the speaker, professor David Held ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Held ) told the audience that "I have come 
to know him very well and I must say I have come to like him a great deal." He 
continued:

> 
> 
> 
> Saif is committed to resolving contentious international and domestic
> issues through dialogue, debate and peaceful negotiations. ... Within his
> own country Saif has spearheaded efforts to open with Islamic militants
> about the nature and form of their struggle in order to find ways of
> bringing them back into the political process. ... His success was based
> on the use of the language of "soft power," that is, the language of
> dialogue. ... Throughout this time I've come to know Saif as someone who
> looks to democracy, civil society and deep liberal values for the core of
> his inspiration. [ 44 ] (
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-44 ) [ 45
> ] ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-45 )
> 
> 
> 

Held went on to say that he had many tutorials with Saif and that throughout 
ongoing dialogue on a range of issues they came to agree on some, and to 
disagree on much.

On the evening of the lecture, a fight broke out between anti-Gaddafi 
protesters and pro-Gaddafi supporters. The police were eventually called in to 
break up the altercation. [ 46 ] ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-46 ) [ 47 ] 
( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-47 ) In a 
comment on 6 March 2011, David Miliband ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Miliband ) , Ralph Miliband's elder son and 
a former UK Foreign Secretary, was critical of the LSE's decision to invite 
Saif al-Islam Gaddafi:

> 
> 
> 
> The Ralph Miliband Programme at the LSE was founded by a former student of
> my dad's ... The idea of Saif Gaddafi giving a lecture under his name is
> just horrific to him and horrific to the whole family obviously, [ 48 ] (
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-48 )
> 
> 

There were approximately 30-40 journalists at the event, however reports on the 
lecture were largely uncritical and did not raise the issues surrounding the 
LSE engagement with Libya. David Miliband continued his own association with 
LSE, giving a lecture at LSE on 8 March, two days after the above comments, 
where he made reference to the school's early history of economic liberalism ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_liberalism ) combined with social 
justice. [ 49 ] ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-49 )

An open letter by Professor John Keane asks Professor David Held to explain 
further his links with Libya and to reconsider his reactions. Professor Keane 
raises several questions, such as: Has the LSE Libya affair not done damage to 
the scholarly credibility of research programs in the area of democracy? [ 50 ] 
( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-50 ) 
Keane's letter was heavily criticised by those who responded to it in the 
online magazine in which it was published < 
http://www.opendemocracy.net/john-keane/libya-intellectuals-and-democracy-open-letter-to-professor-david-held
 >. Many argued that it was vindictive and overblown. An overview of Halliday 
and Held - who were both contributors to openDemocracy ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDemocracy ) - with respect to the affair and 
the larger implications for the independence of UK universities was published 
by its former editor Fred Halliday, David Held, the LSE and the independence of 
universities ( 
http://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/anthony-barnett/fred-halliday-david-held-lse-and-independence-of-universities
 ).

In October 2011 Held resigned from his post at the LSE in advance of the 
publication an independent report into the LSE's links with Libya. [ 51 ] ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-Vasagar-51 )

David Held issued a personal statement in reaction to the allegations, saying 
that "in many discussions and meetings I encouraged the development of 
[Gaddafi's] reform agenda and subsequently sought to support it through 
research on the North Africa Programme funded by the Gaddafi International 
Charity and Development Foundation" at the LSE. [ 52 ] ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-52 ) In 
October 2011 Held resigned from his post at the LSE,. [ 51 ] ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-Vasagar-51 ) 
The Woolf ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Woolf,_Baron_Woolf ) report 
examined links between the LSE and the Libyan regime. The inquiry report says 
it was Professor Held, who "first approached Saif about the possibility of 
funding his centre for Global Governance in December 2008". This was after the 
dictator's son had been awarded his PhD by the LSE but before the formal 
graduation ceremony. The gift offered was of £1.5m in tranches of £300,000 over 
a five-year period. Periodic payments were to be made annually. The report 
says: "This was not a one-off donation but the founding of a relationship 
between the school and the donor, which is not unusual. However, bearing in 
mind the volatility of the Gaddafi regime, the gift involved a substantial risk 
because of the length of the relationship." A decision was made that the gift 
would not come from Saif directly but from "private sector sources". This step 
"became essential to Professor Held's presentation of the gift. Unless the 
money could be shown as coming to the foundation from private sources it could 
have been seen as unacceptable money from the Libyan state."Woolf writes: "I 
come to no conclusions as to whether there was or would have been excessive 
influence by the donor over the use of the funds from Saif's foundation. 
However, what has been made plain is that proper structures of governance are 
needed to protect academic integrity against influence from the interests of 
private donors." The funding was accepted despite internal protest. Fred 
Halliday, a distinguished Middle East expert at the LSE before his death, 
criticised the donation in a letter that described the country's rulers as a 
"secretive, erratic and corrupt elite". Held was appointed to the board of the 
Gaddafi foundation on 28 June 2009, a few days after the gift was discussed and 
accepted by the university's governing body. Held subsequently resigned from 
the charity on the LSE council's advice.

Despite institutional and procedural criticism the Woolf report, however, 
exonerated LSE staff (including David Held) stating that they acted in what 
they believed to be the best interests of the school. [ 53 ] ( 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSE%E2%80%93Gaddafi_affair#cite_note-53 ) 
Questions remain, however, about the involvement of elite British academics at 
the LSE with the Gaddafi regime..."


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