Your reply is thoughtful, Mark, but...

1. It underestimates the allegiance of the peasants and workers to their 
homegrown Communist parties in suggesting that the assistance provided by the 
Soviet Union was the decisive factor in their liberation.

2. Except for the social democrats who were ideologically opposed to Leninism, 
all of the controversies you mention were debated by factions within the 
overall framework of support for the Leninist party and state.

3. They were also specific to the historical period when the prestige of the 
Russian revolution, the Great Depression, and the growth of industrial unionism 
combined to give rise to mass Communist parties, putting the issue of class 
power and the revolutionary overthrown of capitalism on the agenda. Given the 
stakes, they were inevitably bitter and often bloody.

4. These factional struggles are now mainly of historical interest following 
the collapse of the Soviet Union and the withdrawal of encouragement and 
support for revolutionary movements by the PRC. The present controversies which 
cross these old factional lines are now about regaining the confidence of the 
most politically advanced workers who support the bourgeois left-centre parties 
and incidentally whether a pre-party Leninist caucus would advance or retard 
this objective - the subject of the present thread.

5. What is most lacking in the spontaneous and episodic outbreaks of protest by 
today’s radicalizing young workers and students is the opportunity for 
sustained political activity and political education that many of us received 
in one or the other of the competing vanguard organizations a half century ago.

6. The drawback of these groups was that their internal regimes and program 
were still based on the earlier interwar period. They had limited appeal for 
the student New Left and organized workers during the more stable postwar 
period which contributed to their decline.

7. Hari’s pre-party Leninist model, as he described it above, impresses me as a 
more open and less rigidly dogmatic one suited to the current level of class 
struggle. As on marxmail, I see no reason why it could not allow its members to 
discuss the Trotsky-Stalin dispute, the DSA, Ukraine etc. without provoking the 
vicious and violent splits of the past. Unlike an email list, these differences 
could be tested in practice.  At least, I think it would be worth giving it a 
try on the understanding nothing to lose and a world to gain.

Charles complains: " All this commenting on Leninist parties ... but no one has 
grappled with Lenin's arguments in What Is To Be Done? *He* lived what he 
wrote.”

No need to grapple with his arguments since no one here AFAIK disputes what he 
wrote or how he lived, only how his legacy was later used and abused by the 
factions which claimed it.


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