It's odd that most of the talk about limiting AI ignores ways of defending from 
its attacks. Infinite AI power can't break encryptions using long private 
random keys, that also meet all the other conditions listed ... see below. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_pad

The one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked in 
cryptography. It requires the use of a single-use pre-shared key that is larger 
than or equal to the size of the message being sent. In this technique, a 
plaintext is paired with a random secret key (also referred to as a one-time 
pad). Then, each bit or character of the plaintext is encrypted by combining it 
with the corresponding bit or character from the pad using modular addition.[1]

The resulting ciphertext is impossible to decrypt or break if the
following four conditions are met:[2][3]

    The key must be at least as long as the plaintext.
    The key must be truly random.
    The key must never be reused in whole or in part.
    The key must be kept completely secret by the communicating parties.

These requirements make the OTP the only known encryption system that is 
mathematically proven to be unbreakable under the principles of information 
theory.[4]

Digital versions of one-time pad ciphers have been used by nations for critical 
diplomatic and military communication, but the problems of secure key 
distribution make them impractical for many applications.

First described by Frank Miller in 1882,[5][6] the one-time pad was re-invented 
in 1917. On July 22, 1919, U.S. Patent 1,310,719 was issued to Gilbert Vernam 
for the XOR operation used for the encryption of a one-time pad.[7] One-time 
use came later, when Joseph Mauborgne recognized that if the key tape were 
totally random, then cryptanalysis would be impossible.[8] To increase 
security, one-time pads were sometimes printed onto sheets of highly flammable 
nitrocellulose, so thatxthey could easily be burned after use.


Another unmentioned defense is to never let any internet connected system 
control any physical machines. That's a problem even without AI. (steak sauce)
...

Sunday Science: Creating a Kill Switch To Shut Down a Rogue A.I. Is Harder Than 
It Sounds  
Dylan Freedman, Dustin Volz
September 19, 2026
The New York Times
A bipartisan group in Congress and Gov. Gavin Newsom of California have floated 
ideas for building a mechanism that would instantly power down an A.I. system. 
Only no one really knows how.

Creating a kill switch, a metaphorical big red button that could be pressed in 
an emergency, is harder than many policymakers assume. “There often isn’t one 
plug you can pull,” said one A.I. researcher., Tom Fox/The Dallas Morning News, 
via Getty Images




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