Using the magnitude of the complex flow or it’s square is equivalent. Using the 
square avoids calling a square root function, so may be marginally more 
efficient. I’m pretty sure that was why we used the square.

Note for those who care, using the squared flow in the constraint does require 
converting the shadow price on the squared flow constraint to the equivalent 
shadow price for a simple flow magnitude constraint, which is what the user is 
expecting when they specify a limit on the flow magnitude.

    Ray


On Jan 13, 2022, at 10:09 AM, Christian Cahig 
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:

Hi, Ahmad.

Just to be clear: are you referring to the section entitled Squared Apparent 
Power Magnitudes (which appears as Section 5.4 in Revision 7)?

On Thu, Jan 13, 2022 at 11:18 PM Ahmad Bariq Al Fahri 
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Dear all,

I am trying to understand the mathematical model of branch flows in Technical 
Notes (TN2) pdf file, but I have a question why do the branch flows are 
expressed in squared form? Is it different if it is expressed without the 
squared form (only become: Sf - Smax). A detailed explanation would help me a 
lot. Thanks in advance

Regards,

Ahmad

--
Christian Cahig
Graduate School of Engineering
Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology
[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>

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