> >Also your instance hasn't even malloc'ed half of its memory limit. You > have over 6 gigabytes unused. There aren't any evictions despite the > uptime being over two months. > Was eviction of active items expeted as well? We have eviction of unsed and > unfetched items.
Your evictions are literally zero, in these stats. You saw them before, when the instances were smaller? > >Otherwise: > 1. is the default in 1.5 anyway > 2. is the default in 1.5. > 3. don't bother changing this; it'll change the way the slabs scale. > 4. 1.20 is probably fine. reducing it only helps if you have very little > memory. > 5. also fine. > Does increasing slab classes by reducing growth factor affect > performance? I understand if we have more slab classes it can help in > increasing storage overhead as less memory as we may find chunk size closer > to item size. There're a maximum of 63 classes, so making the number smaller has a limited effect. The more slab classes you have, the harder the automove balancer has to work to keep things even. I don't really recommend adjusting the value much if at all. All you probably had to do was turn on automove, but I don't have your stats from when you did have evictions so I can't say for sure. > >If it were full and automove was off like it is now, you would see > problems over time. Noted.Thank you for the input. :) > > Thank you, > Shweta > > On Wednesday, July 8, 2020 at 10:00:30 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > you said you were seeing evictions? Was this on a different instance? > > I don't really have any control or influence over what amazon deploys > for > elasticache. They've also changed the daemon. Some of your settings are > different from the defaults that 1.5.10 has (automove should default to > 1 > and hash_Algo should default to murmur). > > Also your instance hasn't even malloc'ed half of its memory limit. You > have over 6 gigabytes unused. There aren't any evictions despite the > uptime being over two months. > > So far as I can see you don't have to do anything? Unless a different > instance was giving you trouble. > > Otherwise: > 1. is the default in 1.5 anyway > 2. is the default in 1.5. > 3. don't bother changing this; it'll change the way the slabs scale. > 4. 1.20 is probably fine. reducing it only helps if you have very little > memory. > 5. also fine. > > but mainly 1) I can't really guarantee anything I say has relevance > since > I don't know what code is in elasticache and 2) your instance isn't even > remotely full so I don't have any recommendations. > > If it were full and automove was off like it is now, you would see > problems over time. > > On Tue, 7 Jul 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > yes > > > > On Wednesday, July 8, 2020 at 9:35:19 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > > Oh, so this is amazon elasticache? > > > > On Tue, 7 Jul 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > We use aws for deployment and don't have that information. > What particularly looks odd in settings? > > > > > > On Wednesday, July 8, 2020 at 8:10:04 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando > wrote: > > > what're your start arguments? the settings look a > little odd. ie; the full > > > commandline (censoring anything important) that you > used to start > > > memcached > > > > > > On Tue, 7 Jul 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > > > Sorry. Here it is. > > > > > > > > On Wednesday, July 8, 2020 at 12:38:38 AM UTC+5:30, > Dormando wrote: > > > > 'stats settings' file is empty > > > > > > > > On Tue, 7 Jul 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > > > > > Hi Dormando, > > > > > Got the stats for production. Please find > attached files for stats settings. stats items, stats, stats slabs. > Summary for > > all slabs. > > > > > > > > > > Other details that might help: > > > > > * TTL is two days or more. > > > > > * Key length is in the range of 40-80 bytes. > > > > > Below are the parameters that we plan to > change from the current settings: > > > > > 1. slab_automove : from 0 to 1 > > > > > 2. hash_algorithm: from jenkins to murmur > > > > > 3. chunk_size: from 48 to 297 (as we don't > have data of size less than that) > > > > > 4. growth_factor: 1.25 to 1.20 ( Can > reducing this more help? Do more slab classes affect performance?) > > > > > 5. max_item_size : from 4MB to 1MB (as our > data will never be more than 1MB large) > > > > > Please let me know if different values for > above paramters can be more beneficial. > > > > > Are there any other parameters which we > should consider to change or set? > > > > > > > > > > Also below are the calculations used for > columns in the summary shared. Can you please confirm if calculations are > fine. > > > > > 1) Total_Mem = total_pages*page_size --> > total memory > > > > > 2) Strg_ovrHd = > (mem_requested/(used_chunks*chunk_size)) * 100 --> storage overhead > > > > > 3) Free Memory = free_chunks * chunk_size > ---> free memory > > > > > 4) To Store = mem_requested --> actual > memory requested for storing data > > > > > > > > > > Thank you for your time and efforts in > explaining concepts. > > > > > Shweta > > > > > > > > > > > > the rest is free memory, > which should be measured separately. > > > > > > free memory for a class will be > : (free_chunks * chunk_size) > > > > > > And total memory reserved by a > class will be : (total_pages*page_size) > > > > > > > > > > > > > If you're getting evictions > in class A but there's too much free memory in classes C, D, etc > > > > > > > then you have a balance > issue. for example. An efficiency stat which just > > > > > > > adds up the total pages > doesn't tell you what to do with it. > > > > > > I see. Got your point.Storage > overhead can help in deciding the chunk_size and growth_factor. Let me > add > > > storage-overhead and > > > > > free memory as well for > > > > > > calculation. > > > > > > > > > > Most people don't have to worry > about growth_factor very much. Especially > > > > > since the large item code was > added, but it has its own caveats. Growth > > > > > factor is only typically useful > if you have _very_ statically sized > > > > > objects. > > > > > > > > > > > One curious question: If we > have an item of 500Bytes and there is free memory only in class > A(chunk_size: > > 100Bytes). > > > Do cache > > > > > evict items from class with > > > > > > largeer chunk_size or use > multiple chunks from class A? > > > > > > > > > > No, it will evict an item > matching the 500 byte chunk size, and not touch > > > > > A. This is where the memory > balancer comes in; it will move pages of > > > > > memory between slab classes to > keep the tail age roughly the same between > > > > > classes. It does this slowly. > > > > > > > > > > > Example: > > > > > > In below scenario, when we try > to store item with 3MB, even when there was memory in class with > smaller > > chunk_size, it > > > evicts > > > > > items from 512K class and > > > > > > other memory is blocked by > smaller slabs. > > > > > > > > > > Large (> 512KB) items are an > exception. It will try to evict from the > > > > > "large item" bucket, which is > 512kb. It will try to do this up to a few > > > > > times, trying to free up enough > memory to make space for the large item. > > > > > > > > > > So to make space for a 3MB item, > if the tail item is 5MB in size or 1MB in > > > > > size, they will still be evicted. > If the tail age is low compared to all > > > > > other classes, the memory > balancer will eventually move more pages into > > > > > the 512K slab class. > > > > > > > > > > If you tend to store a lot of > very large items, it works better if the > > > > > instances are larger. > > > > > > > > > > Memcached is more optimized for > performance with small items. if you try > > > > > to store a small item, it will > evict exactly one item to make space. > > > > > However, for very large items > (1MB+), the time it takes to read the data > > > > > from the network is so large that > we can afford to do extra processing. > > > > > > > > > > > 3Mb_items_eviction.png > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Thank you, > > > > > > Shweta > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sunday, July 5, 2020 at > 1:13:19 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > > > > > > (memory_requested / > (chunk_size * chunk_used)) * 100 > > > > > > > > > > > > is roughly the storage > overhead of memory used in the system. the rest is > > > > > > free memory, which should > be measured separately. If you're getting > > > > > > evictions in class A but > there's too much free memory in classes C, D, etc > > > > > > then you have a balance > issue. for example. An efficiency stat which just > > > > > > adds up the total pages > doesn't tell you what to do with it. > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sat, 4 Jul 2020, > Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > I'll need the raw > output from "stats items" and "stats slabs". I don't > > > > > > > > think that efficiency > column is very helpful. ohkay no worries. I can get by Tuesday and > will > > share. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Efficiency for each > slab is calcuated as > > > > > > > (("stats slabs" -> > memory_requested) / (("stats slabs" -> total_pages) * page_size)) * 100 > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Attaching script which > has calculations for the same. The script is from memcahe repo with > additional > > > calculation for > > > > > efficiency. > > > > > > > Will it be possible for > you to verify if the efficiency calculation is correct? > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Thank you, > > > > > > > Shweta > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Saturday, July 4, > 2020 at 1:08:23 PM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > > > > > > > ah okay. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > I'll need the raw > output from "stats items" and "stats slabs". I don't > > > > > > > think that > efficiency column is very helpful. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Fri, 3 Jul > 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Saturday, > July 4, 2020 at 9:41:49 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > > > > > > > > No > attachment > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Fri, 3 > Jul 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Wooo...so quick. :):) > > > > > > > > > > > Correct, close. It actually uses more like 3 512k chunks and then one > > > > > > > > > > > smaller chunk from a different class to fit exactly 1.6MB. > > > > > > > > > I > see.Got it. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >Can > you share snapshots from "stats items" and "stats slabs" for one of > > > > > > > > > these > instances? > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Currently I have summary of it, sharing the same below. I can get snapshot by > Tuesday > > as need > > > to > > > > request > > > > > for it. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > pages > have value from total_pages from stats slab for each slab > > > > > > > > > > item_size have value from chunk_size from stats slab for each slab > > > > > > > > > Used > memory is calculated as pages*page size ---> This has to corrected now. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > prod_stats.png > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > 90%+ > are perfectly doable. You probably need to look a bit more closely > > > > > > > > > > into > why you're not getting the efficiency you expect. The detailed stats > > > > > > > > > > > output should point to why. I can help with that if it's confusing. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Great. > Will surely ask for your input whenever I have question. It is really > kind of > > you to > > > offer > > > > help. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Either the slab rebalancer isn't keeping up or you actually do have 39GB > > > > > > > > > > of > data and your expecations are a bit off. This will also depending on > > > > > > > > > > the > TTL's you're setting and how often/quickly your items change size. > > > > > > > > > > Also > things like your serialization method / compression / key length vs > > > > > > > > > > data > length / etc. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > We have > much less data than 39 GB. As after facing evictions, it has been > always kept > > higher > > > than > > > > > expected data-size. > > > > > > > > > TTL is > two days or more. > > > > > > > > > From my > observation items size(data-length) is in the range of 300Bytes to > 500K after > > > compression. > > > > > > > > > Key > length is in the range of 40-80 bytes. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Thank > you, > > > > > > > > > Shweta > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On > Saturday, July 4, 2020 at 8:38:31 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > > > > > > > > > > Hey, > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Putting my understanding to re-confirm: > > > > > > > > > > > 1) Page size will always be 1MB and we cannot change it.Moreover, it's > not > > required to > > > be > > > > > changed. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Correct. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > 2) We can store items larger than 1MB and it is done by combining > chunks > > together. > > > (example: > > > > > let's say item size: > > > > > > ~1.6MB --> > > > > > > > 4 slab > > > > > > > > > > chunks(512k slab) from > > > > > > > > > > > 2 pages will be used) > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Correct, close. It actually uses more like 3 512k chunks and then one > > > > > > > > > > smaller chunk from a different class to fit exactly 1.6MB. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > We use memcache in production and in past we saw evictions even when > free > > memory was > > > present. > > > > > Also currently we use > > > > > > cluster > > > > > > > with > > > > > > > > 39GB RAM > in > > > > > > > > > > total to > > > > > > > > > > > cache data even when data size we expect is ~15GB to avoid eviction of > active > > items. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Can you share snapshots from "stats items" and "stats slabs" for one of > > > > > > > > > > these instances? > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > But as our data varies in size, it is possible to avoid evictions by > tuning > > > parameters: > > > > > chunk_size, growth_factor, > > > > > > > slab_automove. > > > > > > > > Also I > > > > > > > > > > believe memcache > > > > > > > > > > > is efficient and we can reduce cost by reducing memory size for > cluster. > > > > > > > > > > > So I am trying to find the best possible memory size and parameters we > can > > have.So > > > want to be > > > > > clear with my > > > > > > understanding > > > > > > > and > > > > > > > > > calculations. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > So while trying different parameters and putting all calculations, I > observed > > that > > > total_pages > > > > * > > > > > item_size_max > > > > > > > physical > > > > > > > memory for > > > > > > > > a > > > > > > > > > > machine. And from > > > > > > > > > > > all blogs,and docs it didnot match my understanding. But it's clear > now. > > Thanks to > > > you. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > One last question: From my trials I find that we can achieve ~90% > storage > > efficiency > > > with > > > > > memcache. (i.e we need > > > > > > 10MB of > > > > > > > physical > > > > > > > > memory to > > > > > > > > > > store 9MB of > > > > > > > > > > > data. Do you recommend any idle memory-size interms of percentage of > expected > > > data-size? > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > 90%+ are perfectly doable. You probably need to look a bit more closely > > > > > > > > > > into why you're not getting the efficiency you expect. The detailed > stats > > > > > > > > > > output should point to why. I can help with that if it's confusing. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Either the slab rebalancer isn't keeping up or you actually do have 39GB > > > > > > > > > > of data and your expecations are a bit off. This will also depending on > > > > > > > > > > the TTL's you're setting and how often/quickly your items change size. > > > > > > > > > > Also things like your serialization method / compression / key length vs > > > > > > > > > > data length / etc. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -Dormando > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Saturday, July 4, 2020 at 12:23:09 AM UTC+5:30, Dormando wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > Hey, > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Looks like I never updated the manpage. In the past the item > size max > > was > > > > > > > > > > > achieved by changing the slab page size, but that hasn't been > true for a > > > > > > > > > > > long time. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > From ./memcached -h: > > > > > > > > > > > -m, --memory-limit=<num> item memory in megabytes (default: 64) > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > ... -m just means the memory limit in megabytes, abstract from > the page > > > > > > > > > > > size. I think that was always true. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > In any recentish version, any item larger than half a page size > (512k) > > is > > > > > > > > > > > created by stitching page chunks together. This prevents waste > when an > > > > > > > > > > > item would be more than half a page size. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Is there a problem you're trying to track down? > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > I'll update the manpage. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Fri, 3 Jul 2020, Shweta Agrawal wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Hi, > > > > > > > > > > > > Sorry if I am repeating the question, I searched the list but > could > > not find > > > definite > > > > > answer. So posting it. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Memcache version: 1.5.10 > > > > > > > > > > > > I have started memcahce with option: -I 4m (setting maximum > item size > > to > > > 4MB).Verified > > > > > it is set by > > > > > > command stats > > > > > > > settings , > > > > > > > > I can > > > > > > > > > > see STAT > > > > > > > > > > > item_size_max > > > > > > > > > > > > 4194304. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Documentation from git repository here stats that: > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -I, --max-item-size=<size> > > > > > > > > > > > > Override the default size of each slab page. The default size > is 1mb. > > Default > > > > > > > > > > > > value for this parameter is 1m, minimum is 1k, max is 1G (1024 > * 1024 > > * 1024). > > > > > > > > > > > > Adjusting this value changes the item size limit. > > > > > > > > > > > > My understanding from documentation is this option will allow > to save > > items > > > with size > > > > > till 4MB and the page > > > > > > size for > > > > > > > each > > > > > > > > slab will > > > > > > > > > > be 4MB > > > > > > > > > > > (as I set it as > > > > > > > > > > > > -I 4m). > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > I am able to save items till 4MB but the page-size is still > 1MB. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -m memory size is default 64MB. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Calculation: > > > > > > > > > > > > -> Calculated total pages used from stats slabs output > > parameter total_pages = > > > 64 (If > > > > > page size is 4MB then > > > > > > total > > > > > > > pages > > > > > > > > should not > > > > > > > > > > be more > > > > > > > > > > > than 16. Also > > > > > > > > > > > > when I store 8 items of ~3MB it uses 25 pages but if page size > is 4MB, > > it > > > should use 8 > > > > > pages right.) > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Can you please help me in understanding the behaviour? > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Attached files with details for output of command stats > settings and > > stats > > > slabs. > > > > > > > > > > > > Below is the summarized view of the distribution. > > > > > > > > > > > > First added items with variable sizes, then then added items > with 3MB > > and > > > above. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > data_distribution.png > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Please let me know in case more details are required or > question is > > not clear. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Thank You, > > > > > > > > > > > > Shweta > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > --- > > > > > > > > > > > > You received this message because you are subscribed to the > Google > > Groups > > > "memcached" > > > > > group. > > > > > > > > > > > > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from > it, send > > an > > > email to > > > > > memc...@googlegroups.com. > > > > > > > > > > > > To view this discussion on the web visit > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/memcached/2b640e1f-9f59-4432-a930-d830cbe8566do%40googlegroups.com. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > -- > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > --- > > > > > > > > > > > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google > Groups > > "memcached" > > > group. > > > > > > > > > > > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send > an > > email to > > > > > memc...@googlegroups.com. > > > > > > > > > > > To view this discussion on the web 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