HI Jay,

> My question now concerns optimizing for quality.  I watched a couple of
> the SVCDs I'd burned recently, and while overall the quality was fine,
> on one of the discs had many dark scenes, and these tended to get badly
> pixelated.
?
> What can I do to improve output quality, given the constraints of the
> SVCD format?  The discs described above were actually converted using my
> old pipeline, which used an mjpeg lav file as the intermediate step
> between divx and mpeg2, so I'm curious if that extra codec might be
> responsible for the lower quality in the dark scenes.  Also, is there
> any advantage to lowering the audio bitrate  (I'm using 192 now), i.e.
> does it free up for bots for video or just make the file smaller.  Is
> there anything else I can do to get the best quality SVCDs?

There are several possibilities here:

1. Someplace in the chain an incorrect colour-space or gamma conversion may 
be taking place. 

2.  The long encode/decode chain won't help.  You're accumulating 
quantisation noise at each decode/encode stage.  This is especially 
bad if you are changing resolution along the way.   If you can do it try to 
avoid that middle stage of going to MJPEG and go direct from DivX to 
YUV4MPEG.

3.  The eye is most sensitive to quantisation in dark shades.   The quality 
is actually the same throughout but you simply *notice* the quality problems 
in the dark scenes.  One optimisation I want to add to mpeg2enc is to 
automatically reduce quantisation (if possible) in darker scenes.

4. SVCD is actually a very bit-rate limited format.   2500Kbps is actually 
pushing MPEG-2 pretty hard.  However, many DVD players can happily play 
over-speed SVCD.  Mine goes fine with 3800Kbps video (it can probably do more 
but that is the most I've bothered to try).   This gives MPEG-2 much more 
headroom for difficult to encode scenes.   The trick is to set a fairly high 
peak bitrate but a relatively conservative quality floor (-q).  This means 
the bits only get used when the going gets tough for the encoder so overall 
compression stays high.  For SVCDs I tend to use:

-f 5 -q 6 -b 3300

Andrew
PS
It would be mega-fantastic if we could tweek the drivers to capture MJPEG at 
SVCD resolution.  I think the Zoran chipset / video decoders can actually 
support  this.   The necessary driver tweaking would be pretty fiddly 
though...


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