"Unbounded Human Learning: Optimal Scheduling for Spaced Repetition",
Reddy et al 2016 http://arxiv.org/pdf/1602.07032.pdf

> In the study of human learning, there is broad evidence that our ability to 
> retain a piece of information improves with repeated exposure, and that it 
> decays with delay since the last exposure. This plays a crucial role in the 
> design of educational software, leading to a trade-off between teaching new 
> material and reviewing what has already been taught. A common way to balance 
> this trade-off is via spaced repetition - using periodic review of content to 
> improve long-term retention. Though widely used in practice, there is little 
> formal understanding of the design of these systems. This paper addresses 
> this gap. First, we mine log data from a spaced repetition system [Mnemosyne] 
> to establish the functional dependence of retention on reinforcement and 
> delay. Second, based on this memory model, we develop a mathematical 
> framework for spaced repetition systems using a queueing-network approach. 
> This model formalizes the popular Leitner Heuristic for spaced repetition, 
> providing the first rigorous and computationally tractable means of 
> optimizing the review schedule. Finally, we empirically confirm the validity 
> of our formal model via a Mechanical Turk experiment. In particular, we 
> verify a key qualitative insight and prediction of our model - the existence 
> of a sharp phase transition in learning outcomes upon increasing the rate of 
> new item introduction

-- 
gwern
http://www.gwern.net

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