Martin Lambers wrote:
> No, that's just it. Sendmail was first and set the "standard" for
> everyone else, with all its quirks and weaknesses. Even if somebody
> would write a specification or RFC now, nobody would care, because
> all programs must continue to work unchanged, so you have to be
> sendmail-compatible no matter what some spec says.
> 
> Martin

And then you have things like the mess when you have -t and recipients
listed on the command line, as shown by this exim4(8) snippet:

>        -t        When  Exim  is  receiving  a  locally-generated, non-SMTP 
> message on its standard input, the -t option causes the
>                  recipients of the message to be obtained from the To:, Cc:, 
> and Bcc: header lines in the message instead of  from
>                  the  command arguments. The addresses are extracted before 
> any rewriting takes place and the Bcc: header line, if
>                  present, is then removed.
> 
>                  If the command has any arguments, they specify addresses to 
> which the message is not to be  delivered.  That  is,
>                  the  argument  addresses  are removed from the recipients 
> list obtained from the headers. This is compatible with
>                  Smail 3 and in accordance with the documented behaviour of 
> several versions of  Sendmail,  as  described  in  man
>                  pages  on a number of operating systems (e.g.  Solaris 8, 
> IRIX 6.5, HP-UX 11). However, some versions of Sendmail
>                  add argument addresses to those obtained from the headers, 
> and the O'Reilly Sendmail book documents it that  way.
>                  Exim   can   be   made   to   add   argument  addresses  
> instead  of  subtracting  them  by  setting  the  option
>                  extract_addresses_remove_arguments false.
> 
>                  If there are any Resent- header lines in the message, Exim 
> extracts recipients from all  Resent-To:,  Resent-Cc:,
>                  and  Resent-Bcc:  header  lines  instead  of from To:, Cc:, 
> and Bcc:. This is for compatibility with Sendmail and
>                  other MTAs. (Prior to release 4.20, Exim gave an error if -t 
> was used in conjunction with Resent- header lines.)
> 
>                  RFC 2822 talks about different sets of Resent- header lines 
> (for when a message is resent several times). The RFC
>                  also specifies that they should be added at the front of the 
> message, and separated by Received: lines. It is not
>                  at all clear how -t should operate in the present of 
> multiple sets, nor indeed exactly what constitutes a  "set".
>                  In  practice,  it  seems  that  MUAs  do  not follow the 
> RFC. The Resent- lines are often added at the end of the
>                  header, and if a message is resent more than once, it is 
> common for the original set of  Resent-  headers  to  be
>                  renamed as X-Resent- when a new set is added. This removes 
> any possible ambiguity.


Thus you may have one behavior or the opposite depending on (1) the actual 
binary acting as sendmail, (2) its version and (3) its 
configuration file. ☹


PS: msmtp adds the recipients.


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