Found the Z80-based annecdote interesting!  And probably relevent to
problems that we occasionally experience here WRT part-substitution :-<.
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Hackaday <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, Jun 21, 2014 at 7:01 PM
Subject: [New post] Delving Deep into High Speed Digital Design
   Will Sweatman posted: " In high speed digital circuits, fast doesn't
necessarily mean "high clock rate". [Jack Ganssle]  does an excellent job
at explaining how the transition time of signals in high speed digital
circuits is just as important as the speed of the signal itse"    Respond
to this post by replying above this line
      New post on *Hackaday*
<http://hackaday.com/author/willsweatman/>  Delving Deep into High Speed
Digital Design
<http://hackaday.com/2014/06/21/delving-deep-into-high-speed-digital-design/>
by
Will Sweatman <http://hackaday.com/author/willsweatman/>

[image: scope capture showing ringing affect in a high speed digital signal]

In high speed digital circuits, fast doesn't necessarily mean "high clock
rate". [Jack Ganssle]  does an excellent job at explaining
<http://www.ganssle.com/video/episode1.html#.U4zBcF4y3lE> how the
transition time of signals in high speed digital circuits is just as
important as the speed of the signal itself. When the transition time is
large, around 20 nanoseconds, everything is fine. But when you cut it down
to just a few nanoseconds, things change. Often you will get a ringing
effect caused by impedance mismatch.

As the signal travels down the trace from the driver and hits the receiver,
some of the signal will get reflected back toward the driver if the
impedance, which is just resistance with a frequency component, does not
exactly match. The reflected signal then heads back to the driver where the
impedance mismatch will cause another reflection. It goes back and forth,
creating the 'ringing' you see on the scope.

[Jack Ganssle] goes on to explain how a simple resistor network can help to
match the impedance and how these should be used in circuits with fast
transition times, especially where you will be taking readings with a
scope. As the scope probe itself can introduce impedance and cause the
ringing.

In case you didn't pick up on it, [Jack Ganssle] also happens to be one of
the judges for The Hackaday Prize <http://hackaday.io/prize/judges#Ganssle>.

Read more of this post
<http://hackaday.com/2014/06/21/delving-deep-into-high-speed-digital-design/#more-125114>
  *Will Sweatman <http://hackaday.com/author/willsweatman/>* | June 21,
2014 at 4:01 pm | Tags: high speed <http://hackaday.com/?tag=high-speed>,
impedance <http://hackaday.com/?tag=impedance>, Signals
<http://hackaday.com/?tag=signals> | Categories: misc hacks
<http://hackaday.com/?cat=5611793> | URL: http://wp.me/pk3lN-wxY

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<http://hackaday.com/2014/06/21/delving-deep-into-high-speed-digital-design/#respond>
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