comp.lang.java.programmer http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Today's topics: * Send and retrieve pictures from my computer at home using my cell - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/6e9842e6a7341b7 * array - 6 messages, 5 authors http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/53af4d09d2b14807 * Let a runtime exception go beyond a Thread? - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/cd0b7eae55d576e3 * Sending mail - Created By field contains junk information - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/f36d7268525953f7 * [J2ME]How to avoid memory fragmentation - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/cb6a26addf63af68 * Advanced question about generics - 3 messages, 3 authors http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/70947db3058ccce1 * Correct Semaphore Implementation in Java - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/8259aec1ceed4f8f * Anti-aliasing GIF Images - 2 messages, 2 authors http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/2cc5fef6d79db9b7 * JAXB : expecting an automatical control in java source when restrictions are specified in XML schema - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/31da199eccd3127 * Configure a singleton - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/7e33c5a6bd77128b * Java and image resize - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/4eaffabaf616cdb7 * tricky+frustrating: changing mouse handler while mouse pressed doesn't work - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/d860374b64c95232 * best pratices in Exception Handling - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/b7f7ffa192845fec * Array referencing - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/1e5bd96d75c26308 * Which is better... performance- and memory-wise? - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/bb866c6ac7a64180 * Servlet OutOfMemory on images. Please help me! - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/2b54ac9443545bf3 * How to use Transactions in stateless session bean? - 1 messages, 1 author http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/ee73b722c1d5e795 ============================================================================== TOPIC: Send and retrieve pictures from my computer at home using my cell http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/6e9842e6a7341b7 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 8:09 am From: Andrew Thompson On Thu, 25 Nov 2004 22:40:07 -0800, marcus wrote: > Java does not run in a sandbox. Applet, midlet... -- Andrew Thompson http://www.PhySci.org/codes/ Web & IT Help http://www.PhySci.org/ Open-source software suite http://www.1point1C.org/ Science & Technology http://www.LensEscapes.com/ Images that escape the mundane ============================================================================== TOPIC: array http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/53af4d09d2b14807 ============================================================================== == 1 of 6 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 4:24 pm From: "nick" what is the differnet between char[][] s; and char s[][]; thanks! == 2 of 6 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 8:54 am From: Gerard Krupa nick wrote: > what is the differnet between > > char[][] s; > > and > > char s[][]; > > thanks! > > There is no difference in the example that you have given. If you apply the array modifier to the type then it will be applied to all variables declared on that line. For example... char a[], b, c; creates one array and three chars but... char[] a, b, c; creates three arrays. The two forms are additive so... char[] a, b[]; produces a one-dimensional array 'a' and a two-dimensional array 'b'. This is documented at http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/second_edition/html/arrays.doc.html#25891 HTH Gerard == 3 of 6 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:47 am From: Thomas Weidenfeller nick wrote: > what is the differnet between > > char[][] s; > > and > > char s[][]; Non. Some will argue that one is better (better readable, understandable, more logical, etc.) than the other. BTW: Consider to consult your textbook first for such beginner questions. If you can't find this in your textbook consider posting beginner's questions to comp.lang.java.help. /Thomas -- ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/computer-lang/java/gui/faq == 4 of 6 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:56 am From: Michael Borgwardt nick wrote: > what is the differnet between > > char[][] s; > > and > > char s[][]; The first is more logical, since it keeps type information together. But there are no semantic differences at all, both will result in the same bytecode. == 5 of 6 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:53 am From: "Tony Morris" > produces a one-dimensional array 'a' and a two-dimensional array 'b'. Do not be misled. Java does not have multi-dimensional arrays. -- Tony Morris http://xdweb.net/~dibblego/ == 6 of 6 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 11:41 am From: Gerard Krupa Tony Morris wrote: >>produces a one-dimensional array 'a' and a two-dimensional array 'b'. > > > Do not be misled. > Java does not have multi-dimensional arrays. > WMMOWS - Should have said array of arrays, not n-dimensional arrays. Reformed C++ developer I'm afraid :) SFT Gerard ============================================================================== TOPIC: Let a runtime exception go beyond a Thread? http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/cd0b7eae55d576e3 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:26 am From: Jaap de Bergen On 26 Nov 2004 08:30:10 +0100, Gordon Beaton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >On Thu, 25 Nov 2004 21:49:04 +0100, Jaap de Bergen wrote: >> I'm using a O/R framework which throws a runtimeexception when >> something goes wrong (for example a column is missig from the >> database). > >[...] > >> That was a good idea, but it doesn't work. I guess because when i >> launch a thread: > >That's because each thread has its own call stack, and exceptions only >propagate up the call stack. > >> Does anybody know how i can get the runtimeexception reach the root >> of my application? > >There is a way you can be notified of exceptions occurring in other >threads. Have a look at ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(), or (if you're >using 1.5) Thread.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(). > Thanks Gordon. The ThreadGroup solution works perfect. As a side note/joke: i'm wondering where a exception will end when i throw it in ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(), it seems to disappear completely ;-) Jaap ============================================================================== TOPIC: Sending mail - Created By field contains junk information http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/f36d7268525953f7 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:29 am From: "Jack Andersson" > It looks like it might be the mail server. Do you have an alternative > SMTP server to test it on? I've tried to use another mail server with the same result. Even more strange, the Created By-adress changes only when the sender is in our company domain, i e InternetAddress reply[] = new InternetAddress[1]; reply[0] = new InternetAddress("[EMAIL PROTECTED]"); the Created By-field becomes: "[EMAIL PROTECTED]"[EMAIL PROTECTED] But if I use InternetAddress reply[] = new InternetAddress[1]; reply[0] = new InternetAddress("[EMAIL PROTECTED]"); the Created By-field becomes: [EMAIL PROTECTED] which is correct. > Also trying putting Javamail in debug mode and watch what it sends to > the server. It should show the reply-to being written, so you can see > if it is going in clean. No useful information there, I'm afraid. ============================================================================== TOPIC: [J2ME]How to avoid memory fragmentation http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/cb6a26addf63af68 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:33 am From: "DNass" when I see the content length of the file received and the amount of free memory (with the method Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory()) it seems that my app can handle the response but then I have the error message. Thank you JScoobyCed, I am going to try to obfuscate the app and let you know. "JScoobyCed" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> a écrit dans le message de news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > DNass wrote: > > > I have this system error message saying "this application is > > using too much memory", I know that the app uses about 150k of RAM > > and the mobile has 260 k > > If the application has pictures, try to decrease their sizes. This will > help lowering the app size. Then use an obfuscator to optimize the byte > code and reduce again the size. > Now if the file received by HTTP is bigger than the available memory, it > might crash the app too. > > JScoobyCed DNass ============================================================================== TOPIC: Advanced question about generics http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/70947db3058ccce1 ============================================================================== == 1 of 3 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 12:46 am From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Jesper Nordenberg) "Vincent Cantin" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>... > Hello, > > I have a class Server<C extends Connection> that accepts some connections > are for each of them creates an instance of C. > > Problem : the implementation of the class need to have C.class in order to > create its instance but it doesn't know it unless I ask the user of my class > to give it in parameter. > > So the user of the class write something like that : > > Server server = new Server<MyConnection>(MyConnection.class); > > but I would like him to only write something like that : > > Server server = new Server<MyConnection>(); > > Is there something in the language of Java 1.5 that can do implicitly what I > want ? No, not possible because of type erasure. A flexible solution is to pass a factory object that create the instances, for example: Server server = new Server<MyConnection>(new Factory<MyConnection>() { public MyConnection create() { return new MyConnection(); } }); public interface Factory<T> { T create(); } This has several advantages over directly calling a constructor using reflection. /Jesper Nordenberg == 2 of 3 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 11:15 am From: Michal Kleczek Jesper Nordenberg wrote: > "Vincent Cantin" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:<[EMAIL > PROTECTED]>... > >>Hello, >> >>I have a class Server<C extends Connection> that accepts some connections >>are for each of them creates an instance of C. >> >>Problem : the implementation of the class need to have C.class in order to >>create its instance but it doesn't know it unless I ask the user of my class >>to give it in parameter. >> >>So the user of the class write something like that : >> >> Server server = new Server<MyConnection>(MyConnection.class); >> >>but I would like him to only write something like that : >> >> Server server = new Server<MyConnection>(); >> >>Is there something in the language of Java 1.5 that can do implicitly what I >>want ? > > > No, not possible because of type erasure. A flexible solution is to > pass a factory object that create the instances, for example: > > Server server = new Server<MyConnection>(new Factory<MyConnection>() { > public MyConnection create() { > return new MyConnection(); > } > }); > > public interface Factory<T> { > T create(); > } > > This has several advantages over directly calling a constructor using > reflection. > > /Jesper Nordenberg Hi, actually it is the same as the original solution - but more verbose. To avoid wiriting "MyConnection" twice you should use a static generic method: public class Server<T extends Connection> { public static <S> Server<? extends S> create(Class<S> clazz) { return new Server<S>(clazz); } public Server(Class<T> c) { //... } } Client code: Server<MyConnection> s = Server.create(MyConnection.class); Cheers, Michal == 3 of 3 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 4:04 am From: "Vincent Cantin" Thank you for all the answers, it was usefull for me. Vincent ============================================================================== TOPIC: Correct Semaphore Implementation in Java http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/8259aec1ceed4f8f ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 10:13 am From: Andrea Desole Frank Gerlach wrote: > Andrea Desole <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>... > >>I wouldn't say it's correct. There are two things that don't convince me: >>1) a thread shouldn't be able to call V without calling P. You can't >>release a resource if you don't get it > > That is right. There is nothing in my implementation preventing abuse. > There should always be something like a P() .. V() brace in the using code. > > >>2) notify is not deterministic. It would be better to have a FIFO queue, >>or there is a chance, altough small, that a thread will wait forever > > Remote possibility yes. I can't say how likely it is, but I also think it doesn't happen very often. Still, it can happen. > >>I also know that some JVMs don't work as they should, and in some cases >>a waiting thread can wake up without notify being called. > > Hmm. Can you elaborate on this ? not really. It's something that someone showed me on a book (for more information look on "Effective Java", by Joshua Bloch, item 50). It just says that in many JVM implementations, apparently because of something related to the Posix standard, this problem can occur. They are called spurious wakeups. I think this is what Matt Humphrey in this thread calls spurious notify. In fact, both Matt and the book are suggesting to use a loop. ============================================================================== TOPIC: Anti-aliasing GIF Images http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/2cc5fef6d79db9b7 ============================================================================== == 1 of 2 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 1:17 am From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Kevin Bertman) I have created a Java Dodgems game at http://www.kevinbertman.co.uk/japan/dodgemsRules.shtml Each dodgem is a gif image. Since the applet often rotates each dodgem, is there a way that I can use anti-aliasing to reduce the jagged edges? Or can anti-aliasing only be applied to things 'drawn' like drawLine, fillRect, or drawString? == 2 of 2 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 11:36 am From: Thomas Weidenfeller Kevin Bertman wrote: > Each dodgem is a gif image. Since the applet often rotates each > dodgem, is there a way that I can use anti-aliasing to reduce the > jagged edges? Or can anti-aliasing only be applied to things 'drawn' > like drawLine, fillRect, or drawString? Anitaliasing is indeed best done during rasterisation (what you call 'drawing'). Which means, when some data with (theoretically) infinite resolution is fitted into the discrete raster of which e.g. a gif image consists of. There are other techniques to reduce the effect in images. Essentially these are image filter. Typically a filter, like a bilinear filter, is applied to a super-sampled version of the image (an image e.g. originally created twice as large as needed) during downscaling. The results is a (hopefully only) slightly blurred image. It depends very much on the contents of the image, and the type of filtering if such an image is perceived as better or worse than the original. java.awt.image provides a few filters, you just have to try what works best for you. /Thomas PS: comp.lang.java.gui is next door. -- ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/computer-lang/java/gui/faq ============================================================================== TOPIC: JAXB : expecting an automatical control in java source when restrictions are specified in XML schema http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/31da199eccd3127 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 1:19 am From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Jean-Marie Condom) yes i had forgotten to write this in my email ; the pb was coming from the fact that i wasn't using Ant so the grammar wasn't used since file bgm.ser was absent now all is ok ! jean-marie > Perhaps: > > <xsd:complexType name="Connexion"> > <xsd:attribute name="reconnexion" type="ZeroOrOne" /> > </xsd:complexType> ============================================================================== TOPIC: Configure a singleton http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/7e33c5a6bd77128b ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:37 am From: "ShadowMan" "Ferenc Hechler" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> ha scritto nel messaggio news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > OK, > my first answer did not match your question: How to pass some > config-file-data to a class containing a singleton. > For example Log4J uses a default-configuration file > "log4j.properties" or so, which is searched in the classpath. > But you can change the configuration by explicitly setting the > properties from another configuration file (PropertyConfigurator). > > I think this is a flexible way. Add a method setConfig(...) which > overwrites some defaults which are used otherwise. perfect...so this method should be static! -- ShadowMan ============================================================================== TOPIC: Java and image resize http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/4eaffabaf616cdb7 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:30 am From: Nigel Wade hopkins wrote: > I want to automate the process of uploading photos to my web site. > What I want java to be able to do is take a directory of photos, > resize them appropriately, create and XML file based on their names, > then FTP the whole lot. > > My question is how well does java support jpeg resizing and whats > java's ftp access like. I could probably do this task in PHP, but I > thought I'll try java first. > > Thanks! There's probably no need to reinvent the wheel. Take a look at JAlbum (http://jalbum.net/) and see if it meets your requirements. -- Nigel Wade, System Administrator, Space Plasma Physics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK E-mail : [EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone : +44 (0)116 2523548, Fax : +44 (0)116 2523555 ============================================================================== TOPIC: tricky+frustrating: changing mouse handler while mouse pressed doesn't work http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/d860374b64c95232 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 10:40 am From: Claus Atzenbeck Hi, to summarize my previous mail: How can I completely ignore incomming mouse events (basically mouseDragged) from the "real" mouse in order to call: java.awt.Robot robot = new robot(); robot.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK); robot.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK); Any hint is appreciated! Claus ============================================================================== TOPIC: best pratices in Exception Handling http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/b7f7ffa192845fec ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 1:42 am From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi I am a rookie Java developer. I am looking for a guide on design and architecture in Exception generation and handling. I have found a lot of tutorial on the syntax, but not one on how to actually design a sensible Exception handling. <rant> ( the 'think in Java' book is a farce, it should be named 'write the correct syntax in Java', for instance...) </rant> anyone can direct me to a good tutorial ? TIA, --philippe ============================================================================== TOPIC: Array referencing http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/1e5bd96d75c26308 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 9:46 am From: Nigel Wade [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Hi, > > Here is my routine. It is not working. Anyone see the problem? > > public void test () > { > > String[][] data_1 = { > { "AA_1", "Hello world" }, > { "AA_2", "123456789" } > }; > String[][] data_2 = { > { "BB_1", "Bla Bla" }, > { "BB_1", "222222222" }, > }; > String[][] data_3 = { > { "CC_1", "Happy New Year" }, > { "CC_1", "333333333" }, > }; > > for(int i=1; i <=3; i++){ > // following line is wrong. Anyone know how to do it?? > String data_name[][] = "data_"+i; > System_out_println(" first = "+data_name[j][0]; > System_out_println(" second = "+data_name[j][1]; > } > } > > Thank you! > > Anders Off the top of my head, one way to do this is to use a HashMap: HashMap dataMap = new HashMap(); ... dataMap.put("data_1",data_1); dataMap.put("data_2",data_2); dataMap.put("data_3",data_3); for(int i=1; i <=3; i++){ String[][] data_name = (String[][]) dataMap.get("data_"+i); This isn't a general solution to this type of problem, but for this specific case it gets the job done, and it's pretty simple. -- Nigel Wade, System Administrator, Space Plasma Physics Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK E-mail : [EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone : +44 (0)116 2523548, Fax : +44 (0)116 2523555 ============================================================================== TOPIC: Which is better... performance- and memory-wise? http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/bb866c6ac7a64180 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 10:20 am From: "Chris Uppal" Daniel Sjöblom wrote: > I created a little test class, and ran it through a little JVMTI agent > that dumps the JIT-generated native code, and I can confirm that at > least on the client 1.5.0 JVM on x86 linux, the explicit assignment was > not removed in the JIT-ed code. That was the only difference between the > compiled code of the two different approaches. > > The server VM on the same JVM did generate equivalent code for both > approaches. I suspect the client VM does not do any dead code elimination. Interesting. Thank you. -- chris ============================================================================== TOPIC: Servlet OutOfMemory on images. Please help me! http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/2b54ac9443545bf3 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 11:52 am From: Michael Borgwardt Animanera wrote: > BUT if 7 users CONCURRENTLY access to the servlet and execute the same > code, the 7 images are *contemporarily* in memory, saturating it. > > My (ugly) idea on catching OOME was "if a user try to execute the > resizing and this operation throw an OOME, it means that too user are > executing this code, therefore for THIS user I sleep for a while loop > since the operation doesn't throw an OOME". Very ugly. > Simpler (and, maybe, better) solution should be declaring the resize > method as SYNCHRONIZED therefore only ONE user at a time can execute the > method (is it right, also if the method is static?). = no possibilities > to saturate the memory; Should work, but limits your throughput more than necessary. A clean alternative would be to keep count on how many calls are inside the method at any one time and permit only a limited number (e.g. 5). java.util.concurrent.Semaphore does exactly that, but is available only in Java 1.5, or you can use the package it was based on: http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/classes/EDU/oswego/cs/dl/util/concurrent/intro.html ============================================================================== TOPIC: How to use Transactions in stateless session bean? http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.java.programmer/browse_thread/thread/ee73b722c1d5e795 ============================================================================== == 1 of 1 == Date: Fri, Nov 26 2004 12:00 pm From: "harry" Thanks Sudsy, I understand that bit but am still confused as to how to use transaction in stateless session beans? i.e how to start, rollback & commit them in my code? cheers harry "Sudsy" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > harry wrote: > <snip> > > Do I have to create another session bean, this time make it stateful & put > > all methods that require transactions in there? or can I still achieve this > > using a stateless bean? > > > > Many thanks - appologies if not correct wording but a bit new to this! > > Look at the container-transaction element nested within the > assembly-descriptor element which is nested in the ejb-jar > element. Here's a brief outline of an ejb-jar.xml file: > > <?xml version="1.0"?> > <!DOCTYPE ejb-jar PUBLIC > "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Enterprise JavaBeans 2.0//EN" > "http://java.sun.com/dtd/ejb-jar_2_0.dtd";> > <ejb-jar> > <enterprise-beans> > <session> > <ejb-name>MyBean</ejb-name> > <home>com.mine.MyBeanHome</home> > <remote>com.mine.MyBean</remote> > <ejb-class>com.mine.MyBean</ejb-class> > <session-type>Stateless</session-type> > <transaction-type>Container</transaction-type> > </session> > </enterprise-beans> > <assembly-descriptor> > <container-transaction> > <method> > <ejb-name>MyBean</ejb-name> > <method-name>*</method-name> > </method> > <trans-attribute>Required</trans-attribute> > </container-transaction> > </assembly-descriptor> > </ejb-jar> > > Looks like you have some reading ahead of you! ;-) > > -- > Java/J2EE/JSP/Struts/Tiles/C/UNIX consulting and remote development. > ============================================================================== You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "comp.lang.java.programmer" group. 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