Well done and well documented Senk Ju (except there are no comments in your
very clean code)!

As far as the division operation goes, you may use a software trick to
display the decimal part: the integer part is shown as the result, but
press-and-hold the equal (rocket) button will display the decimal part. Or
let the equal button switch between integer and decimal, but that become
confusing. This trick, using a dedicated key, was used on some 1970's
calculator that had too few digits to display a full result that was
supported by the computing logic, instead.

Reading your code I noticed you used the standard Arduino
digitalRead/digitalWrite library functions. They hide lots of sanity checks
and they are pretty slow (56 cycles people say).
digitalReadFast/digitalWriteFast or direct access would provide a faster
I/O (down to 2 cycles) at the expense of loosing readability of your code.
You probably don't need this kind of optimisation with 5 digits but I am
sure your journey will not stop here :)

I think that early LED displays are equally fascinating, have a very
peculiar deep red color (660 nm) and are easier to drive. They do draw
"high" current as their efficiency was low, resulting in heat generation
which leads to self-destruction: just run them at the lower acceptable
supply voltage.

Paolo


On Sun, Jun 30, 2024 at 3:18 AM Senk Ju <[email protected]> wrote:

> Hello!
>
> I'm new to this group and wanted to take the opportunity to introduce
> myself quickly.
>
> My interest in Nixie tubes started in 2016 when I saw this video
> <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s4-pgzyT0No> by Techmoan. I bought a
> ready-made Nixie clock shortly after, but never considered building my own
> projects with them, as I knew they required fairly high voltages and I
> didn't have any experience in electrical engineering.
>
> Last year, however, I was sitting around bored and remembered that I had
> always wanted to build something using a microcontroller. I'm usually more
> of a software guy, but I've always found the prospect of writing software
> that actually does something "in reality" intriguing. I didn't feel
> comfortable working with high voltages, so I did some research into
> alternative display technologies with a similar charm to Nixies, and
> stumbled upon VFD tubes.
>
> Without any real plan in mind, I ordered some from an Ukrainian seller on
> eBay. I initially considered using IV-11 tubes, but decided to use IV-12
> instead, as I preferred them to have real pins that could be used with a
> socket.
>
> It took me almost 10 months to complete my project, mostly because I was
> learning along the way and didn't own any equipment when I started. I am,
> howver, very pleased with the outcome. I have created a GitHub repository
> with more details for those who are interested.
>
> https://github.com/oskar2517/vfd-tube-calculator
>
> I now feel relatively comfortable working with Nixie tubes (mostly because
> I now own a power supply that lets me lower the current to a non-lethal
> value) and am currently in the midst of building my first Nixie clock using
> ZM1020 tubes for the digits and a ZM1070 tube for the seconds' indicator.
>
> I'm not only interested in Nixie tubes, but most of the display technology
> from around that period. Besides Nixies and VFD tubes, I have played around
> with Numitrons, Dekatrons and Pixie tubes and have recently acquired an E1T
> tube which I am looking forward to figuring out how to drive.
>
> Senk Ju
>
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