Immanuel Kant tried to justify the capital punishment as follows:

“If, however, he has committed murder he must die. Here there is no substitute
that will satisfy justice. There is no similarity between life, however 
wretched it
may be, and death, hence no likeliness between the crime and the retribution
unless death is judicially carried out upon the wrongdoer, although it must 
still be
freed from any mistreatment that could make the humanity in the person suffering
it into something abominable.” 2
But even he, as a rigorous proponent, makes reasonable limitations for mothers
who kill their illegitimate children. This was not due to reasons of humanity 
but rather to his concept of retribution: a child that is born outside the law 
(for the law is marriage) is
outside of its protection; therefore its annihilation can be ignored. Even 
the death penalty could not remove the disgrace of an illegitimate child. He 
dismisses Beccaria's (Cesare Beccaria Philosopher and Lawyer 1738-1794) 
arguments as “overly compassionate.” 3

2 Immanuel Kant The Metaphysics of Morals translated by Mary Gregor (Cambridge 
University Press,
Cambridge, 1991) p 142.
3 Kant, above n 2, p 144.




best wishes from Kyra

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