Frédéric:  You say "To be a rightist is the opposite way: me first; then, 
maybe, the world (I heard on France Info (French radio) someone in Texas 
saying: First, the USA, then the planet; "it's like parents in a plane: first;, 
they put on the oxygen mask; then, they can take care of children"- that's the 
essence of the right)."

Putting on an oxygen mask is, surely, not a case of ‘me first’ but simply the 
condition of possibility of taking care of the children. I’ve rejected positing 
this kind of scenario - favored by Jesuits and other specialists in situation 
ethics - even since I was required to argue, in a ‘balloon debate’ at school, 
the case for throwing overboard one of the following:  the Archbishop of 
Canterbury or the Queen Mother or Mahatma Gandhi. 

In general, I don’t believe we get to the essence of human nature or political 
allegiance by studying - or imagining - people’s reactions in extremis. In any 
case the remarkable story of the Chamonnais under Nazi occupation, told by 
Philip Hallie in Lest Innocent Blood be Shed: The Story of the Village of Le 
Chambon and How Goodness Happened There, offers a profound challenge to any 
glib account of the relation between politics and morality, and attests to the 
power of deep intergenerational transmission of a culture of resistance. 

Iain  

------------------------------------------------ 

Hi Dan, hi Angela,

Thanks for your posts.

Just an idea about morals and politics:

- When the most important thing is me, myself, my identity, my job, my work, my 
resentment, my religion, etc., we are in the realm of morals and revenges and 
trials (and lawyers and money and punishments) reign;
- I would say that politics begins when I speak about a situation that does not 
concern me first, but someone else, a stranger, a foreigner, an embodiment of 
gender or sexuality that is not exactly mine (it has not to be completely 
other, of course). 

So politics begins with an impossible identification, and it is this 
impossibility that is the proof that a real plurality, not a homogeneous 
community but an heterogeneous assemblage, is at stake. It is also the proof 
that I don't speak for but with someone else.

I try to remember what Spivak says about the subalterns, it's something like: 
speaking instead of subalterns is maintaining the voiceless, but considering 
that their situation is their business only is also a way to maintain 
oppression. A double bind that has to be negotiated, and undone, in every 
specific situation.

Another recollection: Deleuze saying that to be a leftist is to begin with "le 
lointain," the world, the horizon, what is far away, and then, only in a second 
moment, we can see how that concerns my situation. To be a rightist is the 
opposite way: me first; then, maybe, the world (I heard on France Info (French 
radio) someone in Texas saying: First, the USA, then the planet; "it's like 
parents in a plane: first;, they put on the oxygen mask; then, they can take 
care of children"- that's the essence of the right).

In solidarity,

Frédéric





On Fri, Nov 9, 2018 at 7:13 PM Angela Mitropoulos <s0meti...@gmail.com 
<mailto:s0meti...@gmail.com>> wrote:
On Fri, 9 Nov 2018 at 11:30, Dan S. Wang <danw...@mindspring.com 
<mailto:danw...@mindspring.com>> wrote:
The reduction of politics to a question of good and bad people deeply
afflicts radical political subcultures in the US,  

 Dan,

I find it difficult to reconcile your historiography of US activism and 
politics with what I know about both US history and theoretical paradigms more 
generally. I'm also a bit confused by the definition of "identity politics" as 
a paradigm of good and bad people. 

I mean, I understand your suggestion that "identity politics" is 
depoliticising, but I also don't understand it at all because the treatment of 
conflicts "over resources and labour" has always been conducted through more or 
less tacit assumptions about identity that link to entitlement. And your 
disappearance of white men's identity politics as a tacit default or 
"universal" has the effect of yielding a narrative that says (incorrectly in my 
view) that "identity politics" only began when the former's claim of 
universality was challenged. I don't see how this could be described as 
depoliticisiing so much as the very opposite: heightened conflict, including 
over the use of resources, and labour (which presumably also includes things 
like enormous pay disparaties, sexual harassment which involves employers and 
coworkers treating other workers' bodies as their unlimited property, and so 
on). 

As to the separate issue of the way this heightened conflict is handled, I 
think there are better explanations than Millennials are doing it wrong.

There is a longstanding approach that treats fascism as if it were a variety of 
sin (the Catholic philosopher Girard, for instance). I could not disagree more 
with that understanding of fascism, or politics more generally. But with regard 
to the US, the growing influence of evangelicals and religious conservatism 
more generally has tended to displace a concept of people doing awful things 
that people can change with a concept of good and evil. This is hardly down to 
Millennials. At the same time, evangelicals and conservative Catholics have 
adopted a pretty selective, exculpatory response to awful things that powerful 
people (powerful white men) do, which suspends judgement because only God can 
posthumously judge what is in someone's heart etc. It's obviously highly 
selective, given the growth of mass incarceration, extra-legal and legitimated 
violence, that has been directed, in the main, against black people, people of 
colour (think border violence), and women. 

Add to this the way in which a younger generation have been thrown to the 
wolves as a consequence of increasingly precarious conditions of work and 
highly restrictive conditions on welfare, I am not surprised that part of the 
pushback involves an insistence on the powerful being held to account for their 
actions. In this world. I disagree, strongly with moral economic theories 
(Catholics like Polanyi and Mouffe peddle this mysticism far more than any 
Millennial). But I can't bring myself to fault young people for insisting on 
accountability and change. 

best,
Angela 





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