OK - hello lizvlx,

It was meanwhile pointed out to me whom I was talking to - pardon my 
misconception about Uebermorgen, it was simply not clear to me who I was 
talking to..

You are entirely justified to point out any issues in the text you do not agree 
with. Thank you for that, it helps to see a broader context and any possible 
misconceptions that might be there.

I have answered your questions as concise as I could in my previous mail - 
nothing to add. You are supposing all kinds of things in my text and answers 
that aren’t there. I leave it to the reader to make up their own mind.

-e.

> On 8 Oct 2020, at 23:53, lizvlx <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
>> Hello ‘lizvix’ - don’t know who this is - the ‘Hans’ of Übermorgen?
> 
> Ahhh — Are you trying to be rude or are you really not aware that Ubermorgen 
> consists not only of one man? I find that quite amusing :D - you are funny 
> man.
> 
> So to clear that up, I am lizvlx, the lizvlx of Ubermorgen. 
> 
> Why do you use so many words! 
> You are hard for me to understand.
> 
> Anyway.
> 
> Let me rephrase & comment (after all we do want to discuss this right):
> 
> 1. What do you mean the freedom of assembly has been suspended?
> (Not true in Kenya, Nigeria, Germany, Austria, Italy, Switzerland, USA, - I 
> am only citing countries that are coming to my mind right now)
> 
> 2. How can you refer to “no particular” country - that is illogical when you 
> are trying to make a point on legal issues which are always decided locally. 
> There is a huuuuge amount of democratic countries on this planet, on all 
> continents. I am quite perplexed that you seem to think that a nice 
> Eurocentric position will explain the Covid rules and changes in let’s say - 
> Taiwan, Uganda or Columbia.
> 
> 3. Thank you for your answer to question 3 - even tho you really use many 
> many words, but then, that is a male trait that maybe is to be not to made 
> fun of.
> Are you not concerned that your views on public health might come across as 
> proto-fascist and medically-naive?
> 
> 4. Data - as much as I appreciate the academic thought on this - btw I 
> usually use a Samsung, which unfortunately just broke down - but there is not 
> A (1) corona app, but there are many. And they vary in their technology. But 
> summa summarum, most are sharing less data then your average datamining 
> gaming app. So from a programmer’s perspective I cannot see anything relevant 
> added to the again huuuuuge data fields of the 21th century.
> 
> Cheers
> 
> lizvlx 
> 
> Ps: why are you talking about the weather? I don’t understand the relevance 
> to your above points. 
> 
> 
> 
>>> 1. what do u mean by (mass) gatherings have been suspended? 
>> 
>> I wrote “The freedom of assembly has been suspended.” - under corona rules 
>> virtually anywhere now only limited amounts of people are allowed to 
>> assemble, which in effect means that this basic freedom is suspended. Mass 
>> gatherings still happen, as I explained in some length in the piece, but 
>> they are then in violation of these rules.
> 
> 
>> 
>>> 2. What countries r u referring to?
>> 
>> Not any country in particular, but the countries that have or pretend to 
>> have some form of basic ‘democratic’ or civic governance (neoliberal 
>> phantasy or not). Probably we must assume that ‘democratic rights’ are 
>> always under threat / pressure, but with the covid-19 crisis I feel there is 
>> a qualitatively different situation. 
>> 
>>> 3. do u have an issue with a lockdown per se or is this coz u don’t think 
>>> the pandemic necessitates such a thing?
>> 
>> I am writing in the essay about the question of ‘public space’ and the 
>> erosion of ‘publicness’ and ’the public’ not about the politics of the 
>> lockdowns.
>> 
>> My private opinion, which is outside the scope of this essay, is that in 
>> some initial stage of the pandemic the lockdowns were maybe necessary, given 
>> the overburdened care system, but in essence they are counter-productive. 
>> The virus will not go away, it will stay around like the flu and mutate 
>> regularly. Thus any vaccine will need to be updated regularly and we will 
>> have to get it like the flu shot, or even in a cocktail, probably annually.
>> 
>> It is necessary to build up a certain measure of biological resistance in 
>> the general population, but this can only be done in a responsible way by 
>> radically extending the care system to protect vulnerable sections of the 
>> population - and the main argument against that is staggering costs - so the 
>> lockdown has been the preferred option. Problem is once you end it the virus 
>> starts circulating like before again, which is what we now see.
>> 
>> Hoping that a vaccine is the silver bullet is to me exactly that: hope and 
>> as a Russian saying says so beautifully: Hope dies last.
>> 
>>> 4. what specifically doch deem privacy infringing with corona apps as most 
>>> either collect a lotta less data than Facebook or don’t collect any data on 
>>> a central server? Which app r u referring to?
>> 
>> That is the misconception I’m trying to address with this text. The app 
>> seems not so bad in comparison to all the other data draining techniques 
>> from the social media swamp, or simply from mobile / ‘smart’ phone users 
>> (i.e. more or less all of us, you replied from an iphone and I use that 
>> thing as well - though not for mailing lists..).
>> 
>> It is the correlation of data from all these apps, the integration into the 
>> operating systems as a default, in combination with the radical expansion of 
>> somatic sensing technologies built into these mobile / wearable devices that 
>> creates an unprecedented level of scrutiny wherever we take these devices, 
>> i.e. that thing formerly designated as ‘public space’, but this condition is 
>> exactly what renders the necessary conditions for publicness null and void. 
>> I find that a troubling situation and I think it needs to be reversed. 
>> 
>>> 5. again, what parts of the world r u thinking of when u wrote this text?
>> 
>> I answered that question already.
>> 
>> Enjoy the evening! 
>> (though weather here in NL is terrible at the moment, maybe it is better 
>> wherever you are..?)
>> 
>> -Eric
>> 
>> 
>>> CHEERS! LIZ! Vote!
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Sent from my iPhone
>>> 
>>>> On 06.10.2020, at 13:31, Eric Kluitenberg <[email protected] 
>>>> <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
>>>> 
>>>> dear nettimers, please note:
>>>> 
>>>> This for me rather unusually opinionated text has just been published on 
>>>> the Open! platform. The essay explores the insistent somatic turn in 
>>>> technologically enabled scrutiny of public spaces and its acceleration in 
>>>> response to the COVID-19 crisis. It argues that the very core of public 
>>>> space and the public domain is under threat as it is anonymity that allows 
>>>> a collection of individuals to transform into 'a public', One of the most 
>>>> vital corner stones of open and democratic civic governance is thus under 
>>>> imminent threat. 
>>>> 
>>>> An edited and slightly shortened version of this text has been published 
>>>> on the Open! platform for art, culture and the public domain (September 
>>>> 18, 2020), and can be found here: 
>>>> https://www.onlineopen.org/the-zombie-public 
>>>> <https://www.onlineopen.org/the-zombie-public> 
>>>> 
>>>> ––––––––––
>>>> 
>>>> The Zombie Public
>>>> 
>>>> Or, how to revive ‘the public’ and public space after the pandemic.
>>>> 
>>>> Our media channels have been flooded with projections about possible 
>>>> futures, with or without ‘the virus’. [1] Not surprising given the 
>>>> unprecedented 2020 lockdown across large parts of the planet. In both 
>>>> dystopian and utopian accounts, as well as more level-headed attempts at 
>>>> taking stock and extrapolating future scenarios, a recurrent motive is the 
>>>> attempt to describe a possible future in definite terms based on a set of 
>>>> extreme contingencies that essentially preclude a clear judgement – given 
>>>> the tide of uncertainties such predictions are up against. Rather than 
>>>> simply writing these accounts off as nonsensical they should be understood 
>>>> as what they are, ideological projections that attempt to shape rather 
>>>> than predict possible futures. As such traditional questions can then be 
>>>> asked: Who is ‘shaping’? Under what prerogative? In service of which 
>>>> ideological a-priori? Serving which material (political / economic) 
>>>> interests?
>>>> 
>>>> Any critical reader can fill in this ‘questionnaire’ for themselves, and 
>>>> answers will undoubtedly overlap and to some extent be predictable. It 
>>>> may, however, yet be more productive to shift away from these predicted 
>>>> (contingent) futures altogether and focus instead on that what has already 
>>>> happened. We can then ask ourselves the question what can be done right 
>>>> now to thwart the ‘shapers’ endeavours? How can we open up this contingent 
>>>> future to the public interest, that is to say to that which concerns us 
>>>> all and which should be subject of an open, critical, and truly public 
>>>> debate, rather than the object of flawed and illegitimate attempts at 
>>>> social engineering.  Another way of stating the same would be to say, 
>>>> let’s trace the associations of all the agents involved in determining 
>>>> these contingent futures (human and non-human), and try to establish the 
>>>> most beneficial forms of living together in a continuous feedback loop of 
>>>> ‘composing the good common world’ (Latour, 2004). [2]
>>>> 
>>>> Given the complexity of this question it is clear that such an undertaking 
>>>> needs to be a collective effort, comprised of an infinite assemblage of 
>>>> individual actions, not necessarily at all points coherent, nor even 
>>>> commensurable. Rather, it involves an explication of an unending 
>>>> succession of ‘matters of concern’ that bring us together exactly because 
>>>> they divide us (Latour, 2005). As such this essay is not an attempt at 
>>>> (another) comprehensive analysis. I will focus here on an interrogation of 
>>>> the shifting spatial dynamics and regimes of urban space, as they pertain 
>>>> in particular to a specific ‘matter of concern’; the demise of public 
>>>> space and the zombie-status of ‘the public’ that still tries to inhabit 
>>>> this ‘disassembled’ space. The shifting spatial dynamics I am referring to 
>>>> have been underway for a long time, but have been greatly intensified and 
>>>> accelerated by the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the (state and 
>>>> corporate) policy responses towards the ‘global pandemic’.
>>>> 
>>>> The shifting spatial dynamics and the potentially lethal effects they 
>>>> have, amplifying the demise of public space, result from the increasing 
>>>> entanglement of physical (urban) space, digital networks, and the 
>>>> biological body, and the ways in which these dynamics are operationalised 
>>>> politically. In the context of Open! we have already investigated 
>>>> different aspects of this dynamic in depth, mostly through our successive 
>>>> engagements with the emerging ‘techno-sensuous spatial order’ of Affect 
>>>> Space.[3] But what must be emphasised more decidedly here is the 
>>>> increasing shift towards the somatic, the tendency to bind the biological 
>>>> body ever more tightly into this emerging spatial order, which also 
>>>> connects this exploration more or less directly to the current Open! 
>>>> research on touch and feel in the digital age.
>>>> 
>>>> The lockdown in many countries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic might 
>>>> seem at first to contradict everything that we had so far theorised about 
>>>> Affect Space. One of our crucial areas of attention had been the increased 
>>>> densification of urban public spaces as they become overlaid with mobile 
>>>> media and digital communications and media networks (3G, 4G, 5G). These 
>>>> new types of urban densities, simultaneously directly embodied and 
>>>> electronically mediated, produce a constant sense of being overwhelmed by 
>>>> unceasing flows of information and sensation. This ‘overflow’ (Mackenzie, 
>>>> 2010) privileges affective relations (in urban space) over more 
>>>> deliberative forms of social interaction. Such interaction at the 
>>>> affective level is characterised by a highly non-linear and unpredictable 
>>>> dynamic, we found. But in no way are these interactions arbitrary. Thus we 
>>>> could understand more of the erratic collective behaviours we had observed 
>>>> in urban (public) spaces at moments of grave political and social tension. 
>>>> All these ideas, it seemed, were now contradicted and apparently declared 
>>>> obsolete by the international lockdown and the remarkable absence of 
>>>> public protest against it.
>>>> 
>>>> The most recent turn of events, however, has revealed the continued 
>>>> vitality of Affect Space – its unpredictable but in no way arbitrary 
>>>> non-linear dynamics that generate the capacity for exponentially growing 
>>>> collective actions that seem to appear as if ‘out of nowhere’. Fuelled by 
>>>> an urgent political issue, a divisive, and through that divisiveness, 
>>>> assembling matter of concern, the affect-driven dynamic of these 
>>>> collective actions quickly exceeds the original issue at stake – meanwhile 
>>>> drawing in a multitude of previously unrelated actors. Here, quite 
>>>> obviously, I am referring to the suffocation of an unarmed 
>>>> (Black-American) citizen by Minneapolis’ police officers and the 
>>>> subsequent outpouring of anger and frustration, evolving into a global 
>>>> chain of protest gatherings in (previously locked down) urban public 
>>>> spaces around systemic racism and police violence. Suddenly not the 
>>>> dynamics of Affect Space, but the lockdown and social distancing policies 
>>>> themselves were declared obsolete overnight. 
>>>> 
>>>> Still this recent turn of cards does not relay our worries about the 
>>>> demise of public space as a result of the technologised politics of touch 
>>>> and feel in urban space. Nor does it account for the sudden transnational 
>>>> mobilisations, which are even more remarkable than the international 
>>>> lockdown they transcended, and the initial lack of public contestation. 
>>>> The question here is if the analysis of Affect Space can help to elucidate 
>>>> some of these contradictory dynamics?
>>>> 
>>>> What has happened already?
>>>> 
>>>> So, what has already happened? Let’s remind ourselves briefly of what we 
>>>> all already know. Most important, with the lockdown the freedom of 
>>>> assembly has been suspended. This freedom has been curtailed by limits on 
>>>> the amount of people allowed to gather in public space - in the most 
>>>> severe cases down to 0, but in all cases limited by the scale of open 
>>>> spaces and the regulations of social distancing that determine how many 
>>>> people can occupy any given open space legally. Mass gatherings have thus 
>>>> been rendered illegal (what the recent anti-racist protests showed is that 
>>>> they are not impossible, but they are in violation of the legal 
>>>> framework). Local regulation is translated into national laws, and serious 
>>>> concerns have been raised about the supposedly temporary nature of this 
>>>> often hastily compiled legislation.[4]
>>>> 
>>>> Borders have been closed, also within the European Schengen Zone designed 
>>>> to enable freedom of movement in and between its signatory states. In 
>>>> general the response to the looming COVOD-19 pandemic has been a return to 
>>>> the archaic nation state[5], which is deeply unsuited to deal with a 
>>>> paradigmatically transnational calamity. 
>>>> 
>>>> The most problematic response has been te announcement and deployment of 
>>>> mobile and wireless tracing technologies that trace every movement of 
>>>> individuals in public space. The pretext for developing and deploying 
>>>> these technologies is to enable authorities to trace and isolate contacts 
>>>> of a contaminated individual to contain spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. 
>>>> While the effectiveness of this intrusive measure is still very much under 
>>>> debate, what the technology does is to identify every individual in public 
>>>> space, all their movements, and their interactions with others. With that 
>>>> anonymity in public space is eradicated. It is however exactly this 
>>>> anonymity in public space that allows a collection of individuals to 
>>>> transform into a ‘public’. What these technologies thus translate into is 
>>>> the abolishment of public space altogether.
>>>> 
>>>> Open access to public space has always and ever been only one aspect of 
>>>> the publicness of that space. It is the ability to act collectively, as a 
>>>> ‘public’, i.e. untraceable as individuals, that constitutes the vital 
>>>> democratic function of public space. It is exactly this public political 
>>>> function
>>>> that counterbalances the expansion of private, corporate and state control 
>>>> of the public domain. This vital political function of public space is at 
>>>> the edge of extinction.
>>>> 
>>>> From Affect Space to Somatic Space
>>>> 
>>>> The concept of Affect Space was first proposed in a long-read essay 
>>>> written specifically for the Open! platform and published in 2015 
>>>> (Kluitenberg, 2015). In this essay the contours of a model were suggested 
>>>> that builds on three constitutive elements:
>>>> 
>>>> A technological component: Interconnected communication networks, in 
>>>> particular internet, mobile media and wireless networks perform a crucial 
>>>> function to mobilise large groups of people around ever changing ‘issues 
>>>> at stake’.
>>>> 
>>>> An affective component:  A recurrent characteristic is the affective 
>>>> intensity generated and exchanged in these mobilisation / activation 
>>>> processes in overlapping mediated and urban public spaces — instantiated 
>>>> in the body of the physical actors at the screens and in the streets. 
>>>> Reasoned arguments seem to play much less of a role here than affective 
>>>> images, aphoristic and suggestive slogans and embodied collective rituals.
>>>> 
>>>> A spatial component: The affective intensities generated in the activation 
>>>> process cannot be shared effectively in disembodied online interactions at 
>>>> the screen. This lack stimulates the desire for physical encounter, which 
>>>> can only happen in a physical spatial context — paradigmatically in 
>>>> (urban) public space, where mobile media then feed the action in the 
>>>> streets immediately back into the media networks.
>>>> 
>>>> This model was then used as a conceptual starting point for the public 
>>>> research trajectory Technology / Affect / Space (2016-2017), which 
>>>> resulted in a series of public gatherings and commissioned essays, 
>>>> including the follow up long-read essay (Re-)Designing Affect Space, which 
>>>> detailed the conceptual model of Affect Space based on the findings in our 
>>>> public research trajectory.
>>>> 
>>>> What we diagnosed at the time was that the increasing densification of 
>>>> urban spaces, resulting from the massive presence of a great diversity of 
>>>> people, skills, knowledges, and economic and political functions, 
>>>> intensified by the growing presence of mobile media and communications 
>>>> devices and dense wireless communication networks, introduces the 
>>>> principle of an affective threshold: Once connections in these urban 
>>>> concentration zones exceeded a critical density the overwhelming sensory 
>>>> exposure produces a shift from deliberative towards primarily affective 
>>>> relations in public space.
>>>> 
>>>> Crucially, the passing of the affective threshold is not only determined 
>>>> by a spatial densification, but also by a temporal intensification. 
>>>> Intense events, protests, calamities, collective shock, violent 
>>>> confrontations (military, police violence, violent mobs), many distributed 
>>>> in near real-time, all contribute to an acceleration of communicative 
>>>> exchanges (post, tweets, live-feeds, text messaging, photo and video 
>>>> sharing, televised reports) that quickly overwhelm the human capacities 
>>>> for cognitive processing. Within the new constellation of mobile and 
>>>> wireless media both production and reception of these messages happen 
>>>> simultaneously on site and remotely, where all these message streams feed 
>>>> into each other, unleashing an autocatalytic intensification that can only 
>>>> be felt but no longer qualified. 
>>>> 
>>>> Group formation under these conditions determined by the primacy of 
>>>> affect, tends to coalesce around shared affects rather than around shared 
>>>> socio-political issues (‘matters of concern’ - Latour, 2005), or shared 
>>>> beliefs. The density of connections allows for a very rapid activation / 
>>>> mobilisation of previously unrelated social actors - accounting for the 
>>>> impression that such massive gatherings, as we have seen over and over 
>>>> again since at least 2011, and most recently in the mobilisations around 
>>>> the Black Lives Matter movement, seem to appear ‘out of nowhere’. The 
>>>> dynamic of these gatherings is indeed highly nonlinear and unpredictable, 
>>>> yet in no way arbitrary.
>>>> 
>>>> Philosopher Brian Massumi, whose approach to affect informed this 
>>>> research, observed about this dynamic that there may still be an issue or 
>>>> a specific event that produces a suspense resulting in a collectively 
>>>> shared affect. The massive protests in response to the Charlie Hebdo 
>>>> terrorist attack in Paris in 2015 are a clear example. The event is 
>>>> experienced collectively based on the suspension of narrative continuity 
>>>> that the Hebdo attack produced and the intensity of the attack itself and 
>>>> its mediated representations. However, what then unfolds from this shared 
>>>> affect, expressed in the Hebdo case in spontaneous massive public 
>>>> gatherings in several European cities, depends entirely on the capacities 
>>>> and tendencies with which each individual enters these collective 
>>>> situations – it unfolds differentially from there. Narrative coherence or 
>>>> ‘sameness of affect’ does not exist in these situations. There is only 
>>>> affective difference according to Massumi. He qualifies these situations 
>>>> as a process of ‘collective individuation’. (Massumi, 2015, 109-110). As a 
>>>> result the original issue / matter of concern is quickly surpassed and 
>>>> what remains is the intensity of the collective event (the shared affect) 
>>>> and its differential unfolding.
>>>> 
>>>> The Somatic Deficit
>>>> 
>>>> It was clear from the outset that this dynamic of affective activation / 
>>>> mobilisation would not go away with the lockdown that was implemented 
>>>> (with varying degrees of strictness) across many countries and regions in 
>>>> response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Particularly not because mediated 
>>>> online connections became the primary replacement for embodied encounters 
>>>> under the lockdown conditions of social separation. 
>>>> 
>>>> The combination of social separation and density of mediated connections 
>>>> inevitably produces an affective gap, an experiential lack of physical 
>>>> connection to the events witnessed on the screen. In our previous research 
>>>> we observed that there is quite obviously an enormous difference between 
>>>> witnessing an event, particularly intense events, physically up close or 
>>>> instead mediated from afar:
>>>> 
>>>> “Both types of experience may be charged with intensity, but the mediated 
>>>> experience is necessarily characterized by delimitation, a lack of 
>>>> physical cues or proximity, an absence of participation in full. The more 
>>>> dramatic the witnessed action, the more anaemic the mediated experience 
>>>> feels. It is this tension between a charged event witnessed from afar and 
>>>> its intensity unfolding in the immediacy of embodied space that fuels the 
>>>> desire for physical encounter.” (Kluitenberg, 2017)
>>>> 
>>>> This experiential and affective gap between the embodied and mediated 
>>>> experience can be called the Somatic Deficit. The paradoxical situation 
>>>> many of us, billions in effect worldwide, found ourselves in, mediated up 
>>>> close and physically distanced, produced a massive collective somatic 
>>>> deficit. Not the sudden emanation of public protests ignoring and 
>>>> transcending the lockdown measures came as a surprise, but much rather the 
>>>> long period of apparent lack of contestation against the rushed measures 
>>>> imposed to curtail the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the COVID-19 
>>>> disease it can cause. However, this delayed response may account for a 
>>>> gradual build up of intensity, an intensified somatic deficit that could 
>>>> ultimately not be contained.
>>>> 
>>>> Rather than eliminating the dynamics of Affect Space, the lockdown may 
>>>> well have laid the foundations for these dynamics to reinstate themselves 
>>>> with unprecedented vigour. That the new wave of public gatherings in 
>>>> dissent manifested themselves  through massive protests against 
>>>> institutional racism and police violence towards singled-out ethnic groups 
>>>> – a long overdue outpouring of collective indignation – might first and 
>>>> foremost have provided a focal point for the expression of this somatic 
>>>> deficit. The implication to take from this is that the somatic deficit 
>>>> might henceforth express itself in and through a variety of ‘matters of 
>>>> concern’ and thus constitute a continuous factor of political and societal 
>>>> instability, but it also indicates a potential for change. 
>>>> 
>>>> Contact Tracing: Some technologies should simply not be developed
>>>> 
>>>> Though perhaps not exactly in the terms as employed above, it is clear 
>>>> that authorities around the planet, both in supposedly democratic and more 
>>>> authoritarian political constellations, are keenly aware of these 
>>>> conditions and the unsustainable nature of the lockdown measures. We might 
>>>> conceive of the global lockdowns, slightly tongue-in-cheek as ‘Temporary 
>>>> Strategic Zones’ with a limited life-span. Therefore new control 
>>>> mechanisms needed to be implemented under the intense time-pressure  
>>>> exerted by a growing collective somatic deficit. The extraordinary but not 
>>>> entirely unpredicted conditions of a rapidly spreading global pandemic 
>>>> provided the tactical momentum (likely desired for a long time) to push 
>>>> through new legislative and technological interventions that would 
>>>> otherwise be immediately dismissed under justified public outrage.
>>>> 
>>>> The inherently authoritarian response to the pandemic has been to increase 
>>>> the scrutiny of public space in an attempt to create the conditions for a 
>>>> complete traceability of the actors operating in that (formerly public) 
>>>> space. It is important to emphasise that the SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 crisis 
>>>> has not so much ‘created’ these new tendencies in the control and 
>>>> extermination of public space, as that it has accelerated and intensified 
>>>> a set of existing tendencies around the scrutiny and control of urban 
>>>> space. 
>>>> 
>>>> There has long been a relentless drive to use personal communications 
>>>> media to trace individual and collective movements in public / urban space 
>>>> - to render as it were this space entirely transparent. This tendency by 
>>>> now exceeds by far the mere capture of people’s sentiments and views, or 
>>>> their movements and associations in (public) space. With the new 
>>>> technological capabilities of always-on networked devices and new sensor 
>>>> technologies, combined with machine learning based automated pattern 
>>>> recognition techniques and high capacity wireless data-networks (5G), the 
>>>> attempt is made to encapsulate as many as possible somatic markers into 
>>>> this system of continuous and pervasive surveillance.
>>>> 
>>>> Part of these new wireless and network enabled sensing devices come in 
>>>> mundane guises: fitness trackers and their immediate link up with online 
>>>> dashboards where movements, heart rate, temperature, breathing patterns 
>>>> can be analysed in real-time as well as after the act (usually some 
>>>> sportive activity or exercise). Smart watches fitted with increasingly 
>>>> sophisticated sensor technologies as well as optional add-ons that can 
>>>> monitor virtually every aspect of our bodily functions. Part of this 
>>>> locates itself in the mundane practices of every day life, while others 
>>>> are linked to inconspicuous health platforms.[6] With the integration of 
>>>> these technological capabilities in health apps installed by default in 
>>>> most smartphones these types of meticulous somatic self-surveillance 
>>>> become pervasive and truly ubiquitous.
>>>> 
>>>> This trend is taken to an altogether other dimension, however, by the 
>>>> development and deployment of so-called contact tracing apps that monitor 
>>>> person to person associations and proximities of an a-priori limitless 
>>>> number of actors (devices / bodies) operating in urban (public) space. 
>>>> While the apps are introduced as voluntary, using device-based wireless 
>>>> networks (bluetooth) and anonymised data stored exclusively on the device, 
>>>> there is absolutely no guarantee that the apps, once tried and tested, be 
>>>> made mandatory (for instance to be allowed to enter public transport, 
>>>> public buildings, the workplace, etc.), or that the data are retroactively 
>>>> de-anonymised. Indeed as a leaked UK government memo published in The 
>>>> Guardian newspaper of April 13, 2020 revealed, “ministers might be given 
>>>> the ability to order “de-anonymisation” to identify people from their 
>>>> smartphones.”[7]
>>>> 
>>>> The partnership of Apple and Google to jointly develop COVID-19 contact 
>>>> tracing technology emphasises the focus on user privacy, and intends to 
>>>> certify this by allowing only storage of contact data on the individual 
>>>> device and not via an online database or platform.[8] This, however, can 
>>>> also give no guarantee that these companies will not be simply ordered by 
>>>> various governments in countries where the technology is  deployed to make 
>>>> these data accessible for relevant health and policing authorities.
>>>> 
>>>> Furthermore, once in operation it will become very simple and attractive 
>>>> to link the contact tracing technology to the somatic sensing technologies 
>>>> discussed earlier, as both are integrated into the same devices and 
>>>> so-called eco-systems (combinations of integrated hardware and software). 
>>>> Thus, textual, auditory, visual and audiovisual exchanges, as well as 
>>>> physical movements, shared spaces, the number of contact moments with one 
>>>> or more identified actors, heart rate, breathing patterns, body 
>>>> temperature, blood pressure, (changes in) galvanic skin resistance, the 
>>>> number of steps taken, the periods of inactivity, hormonal cycles, 
>>>> respiration levels, and many other somatic functions can be rendered 
>>>> entirely transparent. Meanwhile identity can be verified by voice 
>>>> analysis, retina scans, facial recognition, finger print scans and other 
>>>> bodily markers.
>>>> 
>>>> Once in place all these different data points can be correlated by any 
>>>> government or authority that is willing to deploy these technologies for 
>>>> such uses, which is to say by any and all authorities, regardless of their 
>>>> political signature. The only option to avoid this scenario is not to 
>>>> develop these technologies and reverse them where they have already been 
>>>> deployed. The step by Apple and Google to integrate these contact tracing 
>>>> technologies into their respective operating systems means, however, that 
>>>> they have become in effect virtually unavoidable for all users of smart 
>>>> phones based  on the iOS  and Android platforms, which is the vast 
>>>> majority of citizens in the more developed economies.
>>>> 
>>>> The proposition that there could be such a thing as a privacy sensitive 
>>>> tracing app is preposterous. The tracing process facilitated by the 
>>>> technology, even if applied voluntarily, negates the essence of the very 
>>>> idea of privacy.  The public discourse surrounding these tracing 
>>>> technologies is entirely disingenuous. It should be made very clear that 
>>>> there is only one choice: the choice between traceability versus privacy - 
>>>> both notions are mutually exclusive.
>>>> 
>>>> The extermination of public space results exactly from this drive to 
>>>> render the actors in that space entirely transparent and traceable - with 
>>>> it the possibility of entering public space and the public domain 
>>>> anonymously is eradicated. It is however the very possibility of anonymity 
>>>> in public space and the public domain that allows a collection of 
>>>> individuals to transform into ‘a public’. With it any idea of democracy or 
>>>> of open governance is lost as it depends on collective action that is not 
>>>> reducible to an individual act.  
>>>> 
>>>> Sociologist  Noortje Marres has argued concisely in the Open Journal 
>>>> (Marres, 2006) for the requirement of the public being untraceable, as 
>>>> part of the investigation into public agency in hybrid space conducted 
>>>> here in 2006:
>>>> 
>>>> Marres: “(..) the agency of the public derives in part from the fact that 
>>>> this entity is not fully traceable. That is, the force of the public has 
>>>> to do with the impossibility of knowing its exact potential. And this for 
>>>> the following reason: when a thing is publicized in the media, whether a 
>>>> person, an object or an event, this involves the radical multiplication of 
>>>> the potential relations that this entity can enter into with other things 
>>>> and people. Thus, when something starts circulating in public media, this 
>>>> brings along the possibility, and indeed the threat, of an open-ended set 
>>>> of actors stepping in to support this entity, and to make it strong. The 
>>>> fact that the public cannot be definitively traced back to a limited 
>>>> number of identifiable sources is thus crucial to the effectiveness of the 
>>>> public: this is what endows publics with a dangerous kind of agency.
>>>> This also makes it clear why the wish to concretize the public, to boil it 
>>>> down to the real actors that constitute it, involves a misunderstanding of 
>>>> the public.”
>>>> 
>>>> The citizen assemblies post-2011, the so-called ‘movement(s) of the 
>>>> squares’ have demonstrated the importance of physical encounter with the 
>>>> unknown other as the fundamental ‘basis’ for civic sovereignty and open 
>>>> civic / democratic politics. It is exactly this principle of not knowing 
>>>> who is assembling that enables a multiplicity of different people to enter 
>>>> into a new social relation. The drive for absolute transparency and 
>>>> traceability of public space and the public domain renders this function 
>>>> impossible. The failure of the ‘movements of the squares’, their lack of 
>>>> political efficacy, has been their inability to translate these insights 
>>>> and experiences into effective forms of civic governance. However, this 
>>>> has in no way invalidated the importance of such open, impromptu forms of 
>>>> citizen assemblies for establishing new forms of pluralistic civic 
>>>> governance.
>>>> 
>>>> Another Post-COVID-19 World is Possible
>>>> 
>>>> Finally it is important to emphasise that the problem of traceability of 
>>>> the (former) public is not technological, and that the problem of the 
>>>> COVID-19 pandemic (or others that are certain to follow given the 
>>>> excessive human demographic pressures on this planet), is not medical. 
>>>> Both are political problems that rely on political choices that need to be 
>>>> made and were necessary reversed or redirected – with Latour we might say 
>>>> ‘redesigned’ (Latour, 2008).  
>>>> 
>>>> A few necessary and concrete steps can be proposed here: 
>>>> 
>>>> 1) All restrictions on the right to freedom of assembly must be suspended 
>>>> as soon as possible.
>>>> 
>>>> 2) The further development of tracing technologies and their deployment in 
>>>> public space must be aborted. The technology is too dangerous. Its adverse 
>>>> effects far outweigh any possible benefit.
>>>> 
>>>> 3) The right to disconnect must be enshrined in law - as a constitutional 
>>>> right.[9]
>>>> 
>>>> 4) All eventual SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 vaccines must reside in the public 
>>>> domain so that the vaccine(s) can be efficiently reproduced by local 
>>>> producers and made available to an as broad as possible share of the 
>>>> global population.
>>>> Private actors who may be deemed essential to this efforts can receive a 
>>>> reasonable retribution for their efforts and investments - the allocation 
>>>> of which is a political decision (i.e. what is ‘reasonable’ given specific 
>>>> local conditions?).  
>>>> 
>>>> 5) In the absence of a vaccine or effective treatment the capacities of 
>>>> care systems must be dramatically increased. Testing capacities must be 
>>>> scaled up, as well as traditional forms of contact tracing by health 
>>>> agencies. Protective measures for vulnerable sections of the global 
>>>> population must be radically extended.
>>>> 
>>>> 6) These measures must be sustained for as long as required. The absence 
>>>> of a vaccine and / or treatment cannot be an excuse for the suspension of 
>>>> democratic and civil rights and principles, including anonymous acces to 
>>>> public space and freedom of assembly.
>>>> 
>>>> 7) The primacy of public interest over private interest in political 
>>>> decision making must be asserted.
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> NOTES:
>>>> 
>>>> 1 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/ 
>>>> <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/> 
>>>> 2 - See also: http://modesofexistence.org/ <http://modesofexistence.org/> 
>>>> 3 - See the two previous long-read essays:
>>>>   Affect Space - Witnessing the ‘Movement(s) of the Squares’ (2015)
>>>>   https://www.onlineopen.org/affect-space 
>>>> <https://www.onlineopen.org/affect-space> 
>>>>   (Re-)Designing Affect Space (2017)
>>>>   https://www.onlineopen.org/re-designing-affect-space 
>>>> <https://www.onlineopen.org/re-designing-affect-space> 
>>>> 4 - See the advice of the Netherlands Council of State of June 10, 2020, 
>>>> on the “Tweede Verzamelspoedwet COVID-19” (Dutch only): 
>>>>   https://www.raadvanstate.nl/adviezen/@121311/w05-20-0168/ 
>>>> <https://www.raadvanstate.nl/adviezen/@121311/w05-20-0168/>  
>>>> 5 - Also Bruno Latour observed this in his column for Le Monde and 
>>>> Critical Inquiry “Is This a Dress Rehearsal?”
>>>>   https://critinq.wordpress.com/2020/03/26/is-this-a-dress-rehearsal/ 
>>>> <https://critinq.wordpress.com/2020/03/26/is-this-a-dress-rehearsal/> 
>>>> 6 - A good example of such health applications are Apple’s HealthKit, 
>>>> ResearchKit, and CareKit.
>>>>   See: https://developer.apple.com/health-fitness/ 
>>>> <https://developer.apple.com/health-fitness/>
>>>> 7 - The Guardian, April 13, 2020: “NHS coronavirus app: memo discussed 
>>>> giving ministers power to 'de-anonymise' users “ -
>>>>   
>>>> https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/13/nhs-coronavirus-app-memo-discussed-giving-ministers-power-to-de-anonymise-users
>>>>  
>>>> <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/13/nhs-coronavirus-app-memo-discussed-giving-ministers-power-to-de-anonymise-users>
>>>>  
>>>> 8 - Press release, April 10,2020: Apple and Google partner on COVID-19 
>>>> contact tracing technology
>>>>   
>>>> https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/04/apple-and-google-partner-on-covid-19-contact-tracing-technology/
>>>>  
>>>> <https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/04/apple-and-google-partner-on-covid-19-contact-tracing-technology/>
>>>> 9 - See also: Howard Rheingold & Eric Kluitenberg (2006): Mindful 
>>>> Disconnection- Counter powering the Panopticon from the Inside.
>>>>   https://www.onlineopen.org/mindful-disconnection 
>>>> <https://www.onlineopen.org/mindful-disconnection> 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> REFERENCES:
>>>> 
>>>> Kluitenberg, Eric (2015): Affect Space - Witnessing the ‘Movement(s) of 
>>>> the Squares’, published March 10, 2015 by Open! Platform for Art, Culture, 
>>>> and the Public Domain:
>>>> http://www.onlineopen.org/affect-space 
>>>> <http://www.onlineopen.org/affect-space> 
>>>> 
>>>> Kluitenberg, Eric (2017): (Re-) Designing Affect Space, published 
>>>> September 19, 2017 by Open! Platform for Art, Culture, and the Public 
>>>> Domain:
>>>> http://www.onlineopen.org/re-designing-affect-space 
>>>> <http://www.onlineopen.org/re-designing-affect-space> 
>>>> 
>>>> Latour, Bruno (2004): The Politics of Nature, Harvard University Press, 
>>>> Cambridge, MA.
>>>> 
>>>> Latour Bruno (2005): From Realpolitik to Dingpolitik or How to Make Things 
>>>> Public, in: Latour, Bruno & Weibel, Peter eds. (2005): Making Things 
>>>> Public, Atmosphere of Democracy, ZKM / MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
>>>> 
>>>> Latour, Bruno (2008): A Cautious Prometheus ? A Few Steps Toward a 
>>>> Philosophy of Design: (With Special Attention to Peter Sloterdijk), 
>>>> lecture, in: In Fiona Hackne, Jonathn Glynne and Viv Minto (editors) 
>>>> Proceedings of the 2008 Annual International Conference of the Design 
>>>> History Society – Falmouth, 3-6 September 2009, e-books, Universal 
>>>> Publishers, pp. 2-10.  
>>>> http://www.bruno-latour.fr/node/69 <http://www.bruno-latour.fr/node/69> 
>>>> 
>>>> Mackenzie, Adrian (2010): Wirelessness - Radical Empiricism in Network 
>>>> Cultures, MIT Press, Cambridge (Mass.).
>>>> 
>>>> Marres, Noortje (2006): Public (Im)potence, in: Kluitenberg, Eric & 
>>>> Seijdel, Jorinde (eds.) Hybrid Space, Open!, Amsterdam, 2006.
>>>> https://onlineopen.org/public-im-potence 
>>>> 
>>>> Massumi, Brian (2015): Politics of Affect, Polity, Cambridge (UK) / Maiden 
>>>> (Mass.). 
>>>> 
>>>> Rheingold, Howard & Kluitenberg, Eric (2006): Mindful Disconnection – 
>>>> Counter powering the Panopticon from the Inside, in: in: Kluitenberg, Eric 
>>>> & Seijdel, Jorinde (eds.) Hybrid Space, Open!, Amsterdam, 2006.
>>>> https://onlineopen.org/mindful-disconnection
>>>> 
>>>> #  distributed via <nettime>: no commercial use without permission
>>>> #  <nettime>  is a moderated mailing list for net criticism,
>>>> #  collaborative text filtering and cultural politics of the nets
>>>> #  more info: http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l
>>>> #  archive: http://www.nettime.org contact: [email protected]
>>>> #  @nettime_bot tweets mail w/ sender unless #ANON is in Subject:
>>> 
>>> #  distributed via <nettime>: no commercial use without permission
>>> #  <nettime>  is a moderated mailing list for net criticism,
>>> #  collaborative text filtering and cultural politics of the nets
>>> #  more info: http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l 
>>> <http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l>
>>> #  archive: http://www.nettime.org <http://www.nettime.org/> contact: 
>>> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>>> #  @nettime_bot tweets mail w/ sender unless #ANON is in Subject:
>> 
>> 
>> #  distributed via <nettime>: no commercial use without permission
>> #  <nettime>  is a moderated mailing list for net criticism,
>> #  collaborative text filtering and cultural politics of the nets
>> #  more info: http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l 
>> <http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l>
>> #  archive: http://www.nettime.org <http://www.nettime.org/> contact: 
>> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>
>> #  @nettime_bot tweets mail w/ sender unless #ANON is in Subject:
> 
> #  distributed via <nettime>: no commercial use without permission
> #  <nettime>  is a moderated mailing list for net criticism,
> #  collaborative text filtering and cultural politics of the nets
> #  more info: http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l
> #  archive: http://www.nettime.org contact: [email protected]
> #  @nettime_bot tweets mail w/ sender unless #ANON is in Subject:

#  distributed via <nettime>: no commercial use without permission
#  <nettime>  is a moderated mailing list for net criticism,
#  collaborative text filtering and cultural politics of the nets
#  more info: http://mx.kein.org/mailman/listinfo/nettime-l
#  archive: http://www.nettime.org contact: [email protected]
#  @nettime_bot tweets mail w/ sender unless #ANON is in Subject:

Reply via email to