Hello, Maxim!
 
It takes me some time to express new parameter with words, but finally it is as simple as "start to delay after N requests". I agree it more suitable then nodelay= and there is no need to warn about delay>burst.
 
Thank you, I'll be very happy to see this feature in upstream.
 
PS
 
There is now a small gotcha when trying to calculate delay (in seconds) based on excess value reported in log file, one should remember to subtract delay value from excess to get correct delay.
 
 
I am attaching updated tests in case you found them useful:
 
changeset:   1390:6ca33dd13079
tag:         tip
user:        Peter Shchuchkin <pet...@yandex.ru>
date:        Sun Oct 28 11:34:41 2018 +0300
summary:     Tests: testing limit_req with "burst=A delay=B" configuration
 
diff -r 73a9504ae6fd -r 6ca33dd13079 limit_req.t
--- a/limit_req.t    Fri Oct 19 18:49:45 2018 +0300
+++ b/limit_req.t    Sun Oct 28 11:34:41 2018 +0300
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 select STDERR; $| = 1;
 select STDOUT; $| = 1;
 
-my $t = Test::Nginx->new()->has(qw/http limit_req/)->plan(6);
+my $t = Test::Nginx->new()->has(qw/http limit_req/)->plan(8);
 
 $t->write_file_expand('nginx.conf', <<'EOF');
 
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
     limit_req_zone  $binary_remote_addr  zone=one:1m   rate=2r/s;
     limit_req_zone  $binary_remote_addr  zone=long:1m  rate=2r/s;
     limit_req_zone  $binary_remote_addr  zone=fast:1m  rate=1000r/s;
+    limit_req_zone  $binary_remote_addr  zone=mixed:1m  rate=10r/s;
 
     server {
         listen       127.0.0.1:8080;
@@ -56,6 +57,12 @@
         location /fast {
             limit_req    zone=fast  burst=1;
         }
+        location /mixed {
+            limit_req    zone=mixed  burst=2 delay=1;
+        }
+        location /mixed-pass {
+            limit_req    zone=mixed  burst=2 nodelay;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -64,6 +71,8 @@
 $t->write_file('test1.html', 'XtestX');
 $t->write_file('long.html', "1234567890\n" x (1 << 16));
 $t->write_file('fast.html', 'XtestX');
+$t->write_file('mixed.html', 'XtestX');
+$t->write_file('mixed-pass.html', 'XtestX');
 $t->run();
 
 ###############################################################################
@@ -94,4 +103,20 @@
 select undef, undef, undef, 0.1;
 like(http_get('/fast.html'), qr/^HTTP\/1.. 200 /m, 'negative excess');
 
+# make sure requests are delayed when 0 < delay < burst
+# this test should fail when using nodelay or when delay>=burst
+
+http_get('/mixed.html');
+http_get('/mixed.html');
+http_get('/mixed.html');
+like(http_get('/mixed.html'), qr/^HTTP\/1.. 200 /m, 'mixed request is not rejected');
+
+# make sure it is possible to partially fill up excess through /mixed.html and get last request rejected
+# this test should fail when using "burst=A" with all delayed
+
+http_get('/mixed.html');
+http_get('/mixed.html');
+http_get('/mixed-pass.html');
+like(http_get('/mixed-pass.html'), qr/^HTTP\/1.. 503 /m, 'mixed request is rejected');
+
 ###############################################################################
 
 
 
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