There have been many good points here regarding the essence of the topic. Thanks to everyone for contributing. It was a joy to read this discussion.
I wanted to extend one specific part of the topic: what makes life easier in the long run. I'm sure some of you already know the following video, but I still want to share it, because I think it's a great video on exactly the aforementioned aspect. ##### ["Simple Made Easy" \- Rich Hickey (2011)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxdOUGdseq4) It touches the topics of dynamic typing, polymorphism, etc. and compares ways of doing something one way (functional) to doing it the other way (OOP, etc.).