Gaurav,
Some suggestions:
1. I cannot see how you are introducing treatment into the model. You
have something that is a function of time (EFF1) but not of treatment.
I'd suggest including whether treatment is being used or not
(statistical/regulatory view from a dark cave) or a function of dose (a
little bit more pharmacological and enlightened) or even related to drug
concentration (science?).
2. Disease progression in some patients may have a different direction.
Some patients (maybe most) will have an increase in tumour size. Others
may have a decrease without treatment ('spontaneous remission'). I would
not force all patients to go in the same direction by using EXP(eta).
3. Similar remarks relate to treatment effects. The null hypothesis
would assume that individual treatment effects could be both good and
bad. Using EXP(eta) forces the random differences between subjects to be
in the same direction in all subjects.
4. Both the disease progression and treatment random effects would make
fewer assumptions if they were coded as (1+eta) rather than exp(eta).
A mixture model might be a helpful to distinguish between poor
responders and good responders to treatment or to distinguish between
slow progressors or fast progressors without treatment or to distinguish
between patients with smaller or bigger tumour sizes at baseline. This
means you could try a mixture model to help describe any or all of the
parameters that you are suggesting deserve some between subject variability.
But first of all I'd suggest adding treatment to your model....
Nick
PS You should consider learning about the difference between sex and gender.
Kim JS, Nafziger AN. Is it sex or is it gender? Clin Pharmacol Ther
2000; 68: 1-3.
On 5/05/2012 6:43 p.m., Gaurav Bajaj wrote:
Dear All,
I am trying to model a tumor size data at different time points using
NONMEM. There is high variability in baseline tumor size and their
might be sub-populations in the dataset with different distribution
for size progression. For example, in many cases the baseline tumor
size is around 100- 200 units, and there are few patients with
baseline size around 500 - 700 units. Due to this high variability I
want to try a mixture model - can anybody suggest on how to do it ? I
have listed the initial code that I used.
$PROB run# 101
$DATA V2.csv IGNORE C
$INPUT C ID TIME TYPE DV(SIZE) MDV GENDER AGE
$PRED
BASE= THETA(1)*EXP(ETA(1)) ;baseline tumor size
PR= THETA(2)*EXP(ETA(2)) ;linear tumor progression
TR=THETA(3)*EXP(ETA(3)) ;treatment effect
EFF1 = BASE*EXP(-TR*TIME)
EFF2 = PR*TIME
IPRED= EFF1+EFF2
Y=IPRED + ERR(1)
$THETA
(0,100) ; baseline
(0.001,0.5 ) ; progression
(0.01, 0.06, 1) ; treatment
$OMEGA
0.5 ; ETA-Baseline
0.2 ; ETA-PR
0.2 ; ETA-treatment
$SIGMA
20 ; ERR-add
----------
Thanks,
Gaurav
--
Gaurav Bajaj
Postdoctoral Fellow, Pharmacometrics
Laboratory for Applied PK/PD
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
--
Nick Holford, Professor Clinical Pharmacology
First World Conference on Pharmacometrics, 5-7 September 2012
Seoul, Korea http://www.go-wcop.org
Dept Pharmacology& Clinical Pharmacology, Bldg 505 Room 202D
University of Auckland,85 Park Rd,Private Bag 92019,Auckland,New Zealand
tel:+64(9)923-6730 fax:+64(9)373-7090 mobile:+64(21)46 23 53
email: [email protected]
http://www.fmhs.auckland.ac.nz/sms/pharmacology/holford
