nickva opened a new pull request, #4091:
URL: https://github.com/apache/couchdb/pull/4091

   When profiling [1] a cluster acting as a replication source, noticed a lot 
of time spent in `couch_util:to_hex/1`. That function is used to emit revision 
ids amongst other things. When processing a million documents with a 1000 
revisions
   each, it ends up in the hotpath, so to speak.
   
   Remembering that in Erlang/OTP 24 there is a new 
[`binary:encode_hex/1`](https://www.erlang.org/doc/man/binary.html#encode_hex-1)
 function, decided to benchmark ours vs the OTP implementation. It turns ours 
is slower [2] so let's try to use the OTP one.
   
   One difference from the OTP's version is ours emits lower case hex letters, 
while the OTP one emits upper case ones. 
   
   As a bonus, replaced a few calls to `couch_util:to_hex/1` wrapped in 
`?l2b/1` or `list_to_binary/1` with just a single call to 
`couch_util:to_hex_bin/1`.
   
   Existing `couch_util:to_hex/1` version, returning a list ,was left as is and 
just calls `to_hex_bin/1` internally and converts the result to a list.
   
   [1] 
   ```
   > ... eprof:analyze(total,[{sort, time}, {filter, [{time, 1000}, {calls, 
100}]}]).
   
   FUNCTION                                                            CALLS    
    %      TIME  [uS / CALLS]
   --------                                                            -----  
-------      ----  [----------]
   ...
   couch_doc:revid_to_str/1                                          1165641    
 1.71    402860  [      0.35]
   couch_key_tree:get_key_leafs_simple/4                             1304102    
 1.85    435700  [      0.33]
   erlang:list_to_integer/2                                           873172    
 2.00    471140  [      0.54]
   gen_server:loop/7                                                   62209    
 2.11    496932  [      7.99]
   couch_key_tree:map_simple/3                                       1829235    
 2.36    554429  [      0.30]
   couch_util:nibble_to_hex/1                                       37334650    
16.67   3917127  [      0.10]
   couch_util:to_hex/1                                              19834192    
34.37   8077050  [      0.41]
   ---------------------------------------------------------------  --------  
-------  --------  [----------]
   Total:                                                           91072005  
100.00%  23503072  [      0.26]
   ```
   
   [2] `to_hex1/1` is the existing version and `to_hex3/1` is the OTP version.
   
   ```
   % ~/src/erlperf/erlperf 
'hex:to_hex1(<<210,90,95,232,68,185,66,248,160,33,184,103,181,221,158,96>>).' 
'hex:to_hex3(<<210,90,95,232,68,185,66,248,160,33,184,103,181,221,158,96>>).'
   Code                                                                         
       ||        QPS       Time     Rel
   hex:to_hex3(<<210,90,95,232,68,185,66,248,160,33,184,103,181,221,158,96>>).  
        1    2746 Ki     364 ns    100%
   hex:to_hex1(<<210,90,95,232,68,185,66,248,160,33,184,103,181,221,158,96>>).  
        1    1593 Ki     627 ns     58%
   ```
   


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