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itemprop="name">Apache FreeMarker Manual</span></a></li><li class="step-1" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="pgui.html"><span itemprop="name">Programmer's Guide</span></a></li><li class="step-2" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="pgui_config.html"><span itemprop="name">The Configuration</span></a></li><li class="step-3" itempr op="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="pgui_config_errorhandling.html"><span itemprop="name">Error handling</span></a></li></ul><div class="bookmarks" title="Bookmarks"><span class="sr-only">Bookmarks:</span><ul class="bookmark-list"><li><a href="alphaidx.html">Alpha. index</a></li><li><a href="gloss.html">Glossary</a></li><li><a href="dgui_template_exp.html#exp_cheatsheet">Expressions</a></li><li><a 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id="pgui_config_errorhandling" itemprop="headline">Error handling</h1> +</div></div><div class="page-menu"> +<div class="page-menu-title">Page Contents</div> +<ul><li><a class="page-menu-link" href="#autoid_43" data-menu-target="autoid_43">The possible exceptions</a></li><li><a class="page-menu-link" href="#autoid_44" data-menu-target="autoid_44">Customizing the behavior regarding TemplatException-s</a></li><li><a class="page-menu-link" href="#autoid_45" data-menu-target="autoid_45">TemplateException logging</a></li><li><a class="page-menu-link" href="#autoid_46" data-menu-target="autoid_46">Explicit error handling in templates</a></li></ul> </div> + + + + +<h2 class="content-header header-section2" id="autoid_43">The possible exceptions</h2> + + + <p>The exceptions that can occur regarding FreeMarker could be + classified like this:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p>Exceptions occurring when you configure FreeMarker: + Typically you configure FreeMarker only once in your + application, when your application initializes itself. Of + course, during this, exceptions can occur.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Exceptions occurring when loading and parsing templates: + When you call + <code class="inline-code">Configuration.getTemplate(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code>, + FreeMarker has to load the template into the memory and parse it + (unless the template is already <a href="pgui_config_templateloading.html#pgui_config_templateloading_caching">cached</a> in + that <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> object). During this, + these kind of exceptions can occur:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">TemplateNotFoundException</code> because + the requested template doesn't exist. Note this extends + <code class="inline-code">IOException</code>.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">freemarker.core.ParseException</code> + because the template is syntactically incorrect according + the rules of the FTL language. Note that this error occurs + when you obtain the <code class="inline-code">Template</code> object + (<code class="inline-code">Configuration.getTemplate(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code>), + not later when you execute + (<code class="inline-code">Template.process(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code>) + the template. . Note this extends + <code class="inline-code">IOException</code> (legacy).</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Any other kind of <code class="inline-code">IOException</code> + because an error has occurred while reading an existing + template. For example you have no right to read the file, or + the connection through which you read the template is + broken. The emitter of these is the <a href="pgui_config_templateloading.html"><code>TemplateLoader</code> + object</a>, which is plugged into the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> object.</p> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Exceptions occurring when executing (processing) + templates, that is, when you call + <code class="inline-code">Template.process(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code>. + Two kind of exceptions can occur:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">IOException</code> because there was an + error when trying to write into the output writer.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">freemarker.template.TemplatException</code> + because other problem occurred while executing the template. + For example, a frequent error is referring to a variable + that doesn't exist in the data-model. By default, when a + <code class="inline-code">TemplatException</code> occurs, FreeMarker + prints the FTL error message and the stack trace to the + output writer with plain text format, and then aborts the + template execution by re-throwing the + <code class="inline-code">TemplatException</code>, which then you can + catch as + <code class="inline-code">Template.process(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code> + throws it. This behavior can be customized, and in fact, it + should be; see the recommended configuration <a href="pgui_quickstart_createconfiguration.html">here</a>. + By default FreeMarker also <a href="pgui_misc_logging.html">logs</a> + <code class="inline-code">TemplatException</code>-s.</p> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + </ul> + + + + + +<h2 class="content-header header-section2" id="autoid_44">Customizing the behavior regarding TemplatException-s</h2> + + + <p><code class="inline-code">TemplateException</code>-s thrown during the + template processing are handled by the + <code class="inline-code">freemarker.template.TemplateExceptionHandler</code> + object, which is plugged into the <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> + object with its + <code class="inline-code">setTemplateExceptionHandler(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code> + method. These are the <code class="inline-code">TemplateExceptionHandler</code> + implementations with FreeMarker comes with:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">TemplateExceptionHandler.DEBUG_HANDLER</code>: + Prints stack trace (includes FTL error message and FTL stack + trace) and re-throws the exception. This is the default handler, + however, you should be careful not using it in production + environment, as it shows technical information about your + system.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">TemplateExceptionHandler.HTML_DEBUG_HANDLER</code>: + Same as <code class="inline-code">DEBUG_HANDLER</code>, but it formats the + stack trace so that it will be readable with Web browsers. + Recommended over <code class="inline-code">DEBUG_HANDLER</code> when you + generate HTML pages, but it should only be used for development + as it shows technical information about your system.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">TemplateExceptionHandler.IGNORE_HANDLER</code>: + Simply suppresses all exceptions (though FreeMarker will still + log them if + <code class="inline-code">Configuration.getLogTemplateExceptions</code> is + <code class="inline-code">true</code>). It does nothing to handle the event. + It does not re-throw the exception.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">TemplateExceptionHandler.RETHROW_HANDLER</code>: + Simply re-throws all exceptions; it doesn't do anything else. + This should be used in most applications today. It doesn't print + anything to the output about the error, which makes it safe, and + the developers can still get the error details from the logs. + It's not as convenient during template development as + <code class="inline-code">HTML_DEBUG_HANDLER</code> or + <code class="inline-code">DEBUG_HANDLER</code> though. For more information + about handling errors in Web applications <a href="app_faq.html#misc.faq.niceErrorPage">see the FAQ</a>.</p> + </li> + </ul> + + <p>You can also write a custom + <code class="inline-code">TemplateExceptionHandler</code> by implementing that + interface, which contains this method:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">void handleTemplateException(TemplateException te, Environment env, Writer out) + throws TemplateException;</pre></div> + + <p>Whenever a <code class="inline-code">TemplateException</code> occurs, this + method will be called. The exception to handle is in the + <code class="inline-code">te</code> argument, the runtime environment of the + template processing is in the <code class="inline-code">env</code> argument, and + the handler can print to the output using the <code class="inline-code">out</code> + argument. If this method throws exception (usually it re-throws + <code class="inline-code">te</code>), then the template processing will be + aborted, and + <code class="inline-code">Template.process(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code> + will throw the same exception. If + <code class="inline-code">handleTemplateException</code> doesn't throw exception, + then template processing continues as if nothing had happen, but the + statement that caused the exception will be skipped (see more + later). Of course, the handler can still print an error indicator to + the output.</p> + + <p>Let's see how FreeMarker skips statements when the error + handler doesn't throw exception, through examples. Assume we are + using this template exception handler:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">class MyTemplateExceptionHandler implements TemplateExceptionHandler { + public void handleTemplateException(TemplateException te, Environment env, java.io.Writer out) + throws TemplateException { + try { + out.write("[ERROR: " + te.getMessage() + "]"); + } catch (IOException e) { + throw new TemplateException("Failed to print error message. Cause: " + e, env); + } + } +} + +<em>...</em> + +cfg.setTemplateExceptionHandler(new MyTemplateExceptionHandler());</pre></div> + + <p>If an error occurs in an interpolation which is not inside an + FTL tag (that is, not enclosed into + <code class="inline-code"><#<em class="code-color">...</em>></code> or + <code class="inline-code"><@<em class="code-color">...</em>></code>), then + the whole interpolation will be skipped. So this template (assuming + that <code class="inline-code">badVar</code> is missing from the + data-model):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template">a${badVar}b</pre></div> + + <p>will print this if we use the + <code class="inline-code">MyTemplateExceptionHandler</code>:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-output">a[ERROR: Expression badVar is undefined on line 1, column 4 in test.ftl.]b</pre></div> + + <p>This template will print the same (except that the column + number will differ...):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template">a${"moo" + badVar}b</pre></div> + + <p>because the whole interpolation is skipped if any error occurs + inside it.</p> + + <p>If an error occurs when evaluating the value of a parameter + for a directive call, or if there are other problems with the + parameter list, or if an error occurs when evaluating + <code class="inline-code"><em class="code-color">exp</em></code> in + <code class="inline-code"><@<em class="code-color">exp</em> + <em class="code-color">...</em>></code>, or if the value of + <code class="inline-code"><em class="code-color">exp</em></code> is not an + user-defined directive, then the whole directive call is skipped. + For example this:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template">a<#if badVar>Foo</#if>b</pre></div> + + <p>will print this:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-output">a[ERROR: Expression badVar is undefined on line 1, column 7 in test.ftlh.]b</pre></div> + + <p>Note that the error occurred in the <code class="inline-code">if</code> + start-tag (<code class="inline-code"><#if badVar></code>), but the whole + directive call was skipped. Logically, the nested content + (<code class="inline-code">Foo</code>) was skipped with this, since the nested + content is handled (printed) by the enclosing directive + (<code class="inline-code">if</code>).</p> + + <p>The output will be the same with this (except that the column + number will differ...):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template">a<#if "foo${badVar}" == "foobar">Foo</#if>b</pre></div> + + <p>because whole directive calling will be skipped if any error + occurs during the parameter evaluation.</p> + + <p>The directive call will not be skipped if the error occurs + after the execution of the directive was already started. That is, + if an error occurs in the nested content:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template">a +<#if true> + Foo + ${badVar} + Bar +</#if> +c</pre></div> + + <p>or in the macro definition body:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template">a +<@test /> +b +<#macro test> + Foo + ${badVar} + Bar +</#macro></pre></div> + + <p>the output will be something like:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-output">a + Foo + [ERROR: Expression badVar is undefined on line 4, column 5 in test.ftlh.] + Bar +c</pre></div> + + + + + +<h2 class="content-header header-section2" id="autoid_45">TemplateException logging</h2> + + + <p>By default FreeMarker <a href="pgui_misc_logging.html">logs</a> all + <code class="inline-code">TemplateException</code>-s under the + <code class="inline-code">freemarker.runtime</code> log category, even when it + will throw it at you from its public API. As logging has become + common practice in Java applications, this usually leads to double + logging of exceptions now, so it's recommended to disable this + legacy behavior by + <code class="inline-code">cfg.setLogTemplateExceptions(false)</code> (or + <code class="inline-code">log_template_exceptions=false</code>) where you + configure FreeMarker.</p> + + + + + +<h2 class="content-header header-section2" id="autoid_46">Explicit error handling in templates</h2> + + + <p>Although it has nothing to do with the FreeMarker + configuration (the topic of this chapter), for the sake of + completeness it's mentioned here that you can handle errors directly + inside the templates as well:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p>Handling missing/null variables: <a href="dgui_template_exp.html#dgui_template_exp_missing">Template Author's Guide/The Template/Expressions/Handling missing values</a></p> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Substituting failing but expendable page sections: <a href="ref_directive_attempt.html">Template Language Reference/Directive Reference/attempt, recover</a></p> + </li> + </ul> + <div class="bottom-pagers-wrapper"><div class="pagers bottom"><a class="paging-arrow previous" href="pgui_config_templateloading.html"><span>Previous</span></a><a class="paging-arrow next" href="pgui_config_templateconfigurations.html"><span>Next</span></a></div></div></div></div> </div> + </div> +<div class="site-footer"><div class="site-width"><div class="footer-top"><div class="col-left sitemap"><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Overview</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/">What is FreeMarker?</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/freemarkerdownload.html">Download</a></li><li><a href="app_versions.html">Version history</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/history.html">About us</a></li><li><a itemprop="license" href="app_license.html">License</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Handy stuff</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker-online.kenshoo.com/">Try template online</a></li><li><a href="dgui_template_exp.html#exp_cheatsheet">Expressions cheatsheet</a></li><li><a href="ref_directive_alphaidx.html">#directives</a></li><li><a href="ref_builtins_alphaidx.html">?built_ins</a></li><li><a href="ref_specvar.html">.special_vars</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Community</h3><ul><li><a href ="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">FreeMarker on Github</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Follow us on Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FREEMARKER/">Report a bug</a></li><li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Ask a question</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/mailing-lists.html">Mailing lists</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="col-right"><ul class="social-icons"><li><a class="github" href="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">Github</a></li><li><a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Twitter</a></li><li><a class="stack-overflow" href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Stack Overflow</a></li></ul><a class="xxe" href="http://www.xmlmind.com/xmleditor/" rel="nofollow" title="Edited with XMLMind XML Editor"><span>Edited with XMLMind XML Editor</span></a></div></div><div class="footer-bottom"> <p class="last-generated"> +Last generated: +<time itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2017-03-13T10:55:28Z" title="Monday, March 13, 2017 10:55:28 AM GMT">2017-03-13 10:55:28 GMT</time>, for Freemarker 2.3.26 </p> +<p class="copyright"> +© <span itemprop="copyrightYear">1999</span>â2017 +<a itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization" itemprop="copyrightHolder" href="http://apache.org/">The Apache Software Foundation</a>. 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http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker-site/blob/52c070a9/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html b/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..01c060d --- /dev/null +++ b/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ +<!doctype html> +<!-- Generated by FreeMarker/Docgen from DocBook --> +<html lang="en" class="page-type-section"> +<head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> +<meta charset="utf-8"> +<title>The "incompatible improvements" setting - Apache FreeMarker Manual</title> +<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> +<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> +<meta property="og:site_name" content="Apache FreeMarker Manual"> +<meta property="og:title" content="The "incompatible improvements" setting"> +<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> +<meta property="og:url" content="http://freemarker.org/docs/pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html"> +<link rel="canonical" href="http://freemarker.org/docs/pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html"> +<link rel="icon" href="favicon.png" type="image/png"> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:500,700,400,300|Droid+Sans+Mono"> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docgen-resources/docgen.min.css?1489402528979"> +<script> +(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ +(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), +m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) +})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); 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Usually, it's a bad idea to left it on its default, + which is 2.3.0 (maximum backward compatibility).</p> + + <p>In new projects you should set this to the FreeMarker version + that you are actually using. In older projects it's also usually + better to keep this high, however you better check the changes + activated (find them in <a href="http://freemarker.org/docs/api/freemarker/template/Configuration.html#Configuration-freemarker.template.Version-">the + API JavaDoc of the <code>Configuration(Version)</code> + constructor</a>), at least if not only the 3rd version number + (the micro version) of "incompatible improvements" + setting is increased. Generally, as far as you only increase the + last version number of this setting, the changes are low + risk.</p> + + <p>Bug fixes and improvements that are fully backward compatible, + also those that are important security fixes, are enabled regardless + of the "incompatible improvements" setting.</p> + + <p>An important consequence of setting this setting is that now + your application will check if the stated minimum FreeMarker version + requirement is met. Like if you set this setting to 2.3.22, but + accidentally the application is deployed with FreeMarker 2.3.21, + then FreeMarker will fail, telling that a higher version is + required. After all, the fixes/improvements you have requested + aren't available on a lower version.</p> + + + + + +<h2 class="content-header header-section2" id="pgui_config_incompatible_improvements_how_to_set">How to set it</h2> + + + <p>The incompatible improvements setting exists on the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> level. It can be set on multiple + ways:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p>Create the + <code class="inline-code">freemarker.template.Configuration</code> object + like:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">... = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_25)</pre></div> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Or, alter the <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> singleton + where you initialize its other settings like:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">cfg.setIncompatibleImprovements(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_25)</pre></div> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Or, if you are configuring FreeMarker with properties + (<code class="inline-code">*.properties</code> file or + <code class="inline-code">java.util.Properties</code> object), add:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">incompatible_improvements=2.3.25</pre></div> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Or, if you are configuring FreeMarker through + <code class="inline-code">FreemarkerServlet</code>, add this + <code class="inline-code">init-param</code> to it in the + <code class="inline-code">web.xml</code>:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified"><init-param> + <param-name>incompatible_improvements</param-name> + <param-value>2.3.25</param-value> +</init-param></pre></div> + </li> + </ul> + + <p>But, <em>if you set the + <code class="inline-code">object_wrapper</code> setting</em> (same as + <code class="inline-code">Configuration.setObjectWrapper(ObjectWrapper)</code>) of + your configuration, then it's important to know that + <code class="inline-code">BeansWrapper</code> and its subclasses (most + importantly, <code class="inline-code">DefaultObjectWrapper</code>) has its own + independent <code class="inline-code">incompatibleImprovements</code> property, + and some fixes/improvements are activated by that, not by + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code>'s similar setting. You don't have + to be aware of this complication if you aren't setting the + <code class="inline-code">object_wrapper</code> configuration setting anywhere, + because the default <code class="inline-code">object_wrapper</code> has the same + "incompatible improvements" as of the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code>. But if you are setting the + <code class="inline-code">object_wrapper</code>, then you must not forget to set + the <code class="inline-code">incompatibleImprovements</code> property of the + <code class="inline-code">ObjectWrapper</code> itself, in additionally to that of + the <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code>. (Note that it's fine to have + different "incompatible improvements" for the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> and for the + <code class="inline-code">ObjectWrapper</code>, only it should be a conscious + decision.) <a href="pgui_datamodel_objectWrapper.html#topic.setDefaultObjectWrapperIcIIndividually">See here how + to set it</a> in the case of + <code class="inline-code">DefaultObjectWrapper</code> (for + <code class="inline-code">BeansWrapper</code> it's the same, only with different + class name of course).</p> + <div class="bottom-pagers-wrapper"><div class="pagers bottom"><a class="paging-arrow previous" href="pgui_config_custom_formats.html"><span>Previous</span></a><a class="paging-arrow next" href="pgui_misc.html"><span>Next</span></a></div></div></div></div> </div> + </div> +<div class="site-footer"><div class="site-width"><div class="footer-top"><div class="col-left sitemap"><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Overview</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/">What is FreeMarker?</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/freemarkerdownload.html">Download</a></li><li><a href="app_versions.html">Version history</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/history.html">About us</a></li><li><a itemprop="license" href="app_license.html">License</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Handy stuff</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker-online.kenshoo.com/">Try template online</a></li><li><a href="dgui_template_exp.html#exp_cheatsheet">Expressions cheatsheet</a></li><li><a href="ref_directive_alphaidx.html">#directives</a></li><li><a href="ref_builtins_alphaidx.html">?built_ins</a></li><li><a href="ref_specvar.html">.special_vars</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Community</h3><ul><li><a href ="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">FreeMarker on Github</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Follow us on Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FREEMARKER/">Report a bug</a></li><li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Ask a question</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/mailing-lists.html">Mailing lists</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="col-right"><ul class="social-icons"><li><a class="github" href="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">Github</a></li><li><a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Twitter</a></li><li><a class="stack-overflow" href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Stack Overflow</a></li></ul><a class="xxe" href="http://www.xmlmind.com/xmleditor/" rel="nofollow" title="Edited with XMLMind XML Editor"><span>Edited with XMLMind XML Editor</span></a></div></div><div class="footer-bottom"> <p class="last-generated"> +Last generated: +<time itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2017-03-13T10:55:28Z" title="Monday, March 13, 2017 10:55:28 AM GMT">2017-03-13 10:55:28 GMT</time>, for Freemarker 2.3.26 </p> +<p class="copyright"> +© <span itemprop="copyrightYear">1999</span>â2017 +<a itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization" itemprop="copyrightHolder" href="http://apache.org/">The Apache Software Foundation</a>. Apache FreeMarker, FreeMarker, Apache Incubator, Apache, the Apache FreeMarker logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. </p> +</div></div></div></body> +</html> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker-site/blob/52c070a9/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html b/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2aff9d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ +<!doctype html> +<!-- Generated by FreeMarker/Docgen from DocBook --> +<html lang="en" class="page-type-section"> +<head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> +<meta charset="utf-8"> +<title>Associating output formats with templates - Apache FreeMarker Manual</title> +<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> +<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> +<meta property="og:site_name" content="Apache FreeMarker Manual"> +<meta property="og:title" content="Associating output formats with templates"> +<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> +<meta property="og:url" content="http://freemarker.org/docs/pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html"> +<link rel="canonical" href="http://freemarker.org/docs/pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html"> +<link rel="icon" href="favicon.png" type="image/png"> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:500,700,400,300|Droid+Sans+Mono"> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docgen-resources/docgen.min.css?1489402528979"> +<script> +(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ +(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), +m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) +})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); +ga('create', 'UA-55420501-1', 'auto'); +ga('send', 'pageview'); +</script> +</head> +<body itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Code"> + <meta itemprop="url" content="http://freemarker.org/docs/"> + <meta itemprop="name" content="Apache FreeMarker Manual"> + + <!--[if lte IE 9]> + <div style="background-color: #C00; color: #fff; padding: 12px 24px;">Please use a modern browser to view this website.</div> + <![endif]--><div class="header-top-bg"><div class="site-width header-top"><a class="logo" href="http://freemarker.org" role="banner"> <img itemprop="image" src="logo.png" alt="FreeMarker"> +</a><ul class="tabs"><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/">Home</a></li><li class="current"><a href="index.html">Manual</a></li><li><a class="external" href="api/index.html">Java API</a></li></ul><ul class="secondary-tabs"><li><a class="tab icon-heart" href="http://freemarker.org/contribute.html" title="Contribute"><span>Contribute</span></a></li><li><a class="tab icon-bug" href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FREEMARKER/" title="Report a Bug"><span>Report a Bug</span></a></li><li><a class="tab icon-download" href="http://freemarker.org/freemarkerdownload.html" title="Download"><span>Download</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="header-bottom-bg"><div class="site-width search-row"><a href="index.html" class="navigation-header">Manual</a><div class="navigation-header"></div><form method="get" class="search-form" action="search-results.html"><fieldset><legend class="sr-only">Search form</legend><label for="search-field" class="sr-only">Search query</label><input id="searc h-field" name="q" type="search" class="search-input" placeholder="Search" spellcheck="false" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off"><button type="submit" class="search-btn"><span class="sr-only">Search</span></button></fieldset></form></div><div class="site-width breadcrumb-row"><ul class="breadcrumb" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="step-0" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="index.html"><span itemprop="name">Apache FreeMarker Manual</span></a></li><li class="step-1" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="pgui.html"><span itemprop="name">Programmer's Guide</span></a></li><li class="step-2" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="pgui_config.html"><span itemprop="name">The Configuration</span></a></li><li class="step-3" itempr op="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ListItem"><a class="label" itemprop="item" href="pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc.html"><span itemprop="name">Associating output formats with templates</span></a></li></ul><div class="bookmarks" title="Bookmarks"><span class="sr-only">Bookmarks:</span><ul class="bookmark-list"><li><a href="alphaidx.html">Alpha. index</a></li><li><a href="gloss.html">Glossary</a></li><li><a href="dgui_template_exp.html#exp_cheatsheet">Expressions</a></li><li><a href="ref_builtins_alphaidx.html">?builtins</a></li><li><a href="ref_directive_alphaidx.html">#directives</a></li><li><a href="ref_specvar.html">.spec_vars</a></li><li><a href="app_faq.html">FAQ</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="main-content site-width"> + <div class="content-wrapper"> + <div id="table-of-contents-wrapper" class="col-left"> + <script>var breadcrumb = ["Apache FreeMarker Manual","Programmer\'s Guide","The Configuration","Associating output formats with templates"];</script> + <script src="toc.js?1489402528979"></script> + <script src="docgen-resources/main.min.js?1489402528979"></script> + </div> +<div class="col-right"><div class="page-content"><div class="page-title"><div class="pagers top"><a class="paging-arrow previous" href="pgui_config_templateconfigurations.html"><span>Previous</span></a><a class="paging-arrow next" href="pgui_config_custom_formats.html"><span>Next</span></a></div><div class="title-wrapper"> +<h1 class="content-header header-section1" id="pgui_config_outputformatsautoesc" itemprop="headline">Associating output formats with templates</h1> +</div></div><p>The output format associated to a template decides if and what + kind of auto-escaping is used in that template (unless the template + <a href="dgui_misc_autoescaping.html#dgui_misc_autoescaping_overrideoformat">overrides that + with directives</a>). By default, templates have + "undefined" output format associated, which does no + escaping, and in general gives the behavior that you would expect from + a template engine that doesn't care about output formats and escaping. + However, if the <code class="inline-code">recognize_standard_file_extensions</code> + <a href="pgui_config_settings.html">setting</a> is + <code class="inline-code">true</code> (which is the default with <a href="pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html">the + <code>incompatible_improvements</code> setting</a> set to + 2.3.24 or higher), templates whose source name ends with + <code class="inline-code">".ftlh"</code> gets "HTML" output format, and + those with <code class="inline-code">".ftlx"</code> get "XML" output + format. Using the <code class="inline-code">ftlh</code> and <code class="inline-code">ftlx</code> + file extensions is the recommended way of activating HTML and XML + auto-escaping. You can also associate output formats to templates + based on arbitrary name patterns with the <a href="pgui_config_templateconfigurations.html"><code>template_configurations</code> + setting</a>; see some examples of that below.</p><p>There's another a related setting, called + <code class="inline-code">auto_escaping_policy</code>, which can be used to disable + auto-escaping even if the current output format supports it, or enable + auto-escaping even if the format by default doesn't escape (but it + supports it). Using this setting rarely advisable, as it's potentially + confusing for the template authors. (Instead, escaping can be turned + on/off explicitly inside the templates with the + <code class="inline-code">auto_esc</code> parameter of the <a href="ref_directive_ftl.html"><code>ftl</code> directive</a>, + or with the <a href="ref_directive_autoesc.html"><code>noautoesc</code></a> + and <a href="ref_directive_autoesc.html"><code>autoesc</code> + directive</a>s.)</p><p>To check if you have configured FreeMarker properly, you can use + this template:</p> + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template"><p>Output format: ${.output_format} +<p>Auto-escaping: ${.auto_esc?c}</pre></div><p>See the <a href="dgui_misc_autoescaping.html#topic.predefinedOutputFormats">table of + predefined output formats here...</a></p><p>Configuration examples:</p><ul> + <li> + <p>To enable automatic output format associations to + <code class="inline-code">*.ftlh</code> and <code class="inline-code">*.ftlx</code>, + either:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p>Use <code class="inline-code">incompatible_improvements</code> 2.3.24 + or higher; see <a href="pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html#pgui_config_incompatible_improvements_how_to_set">how + to set + <code>incompatible_improvements</code></a></p> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Or, enable standard file extension recognizing + explicitly:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">// Where you initalize the Configuration singletion, add: +cfg.setRecognizeStandardFileExtensions(true);</pre></div> + + <p>or if you configure FreeMarker with Java + <code class="inline-code">*.properties</code> file:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">recognizeStandardFileExtensions = true</pre></div> + </li> + </ul> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Let's say that you want to associate all templates in the + <code class="inline-code">mail</code> directory to the HTML output format. You + could achieve that like this (assuming that you are getting the + templates with + <code class="inline-code">cfg.getTemplate(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code>, + and not instantiating them yourself):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">// Where you initalize the Configuration singletion, add: + +TemplateConfiguration tcHTML = new TemplateConfiguration(); +tcHTML.setOutputFormat(HTMLOutputFormat.INSTANCE); + +cfg.setTemplateConfigurations( + new ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( + new PathGlobMatcher("mail/**"), + tcHTML));</pre></div> + + <p>or if you are configuring FreeMarker from Java + <code class="inline-code">*.properties</code> file (the <code class="inline-code">\</code>-s + are required for the Java Properties file format only):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">templateConfigurations = \ + ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( \ + PathGlobMatcher("mail/**"), \ + TemplateConfiguration(outputFormat = HTMLOutputFormat()))</pre></div> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Let's say you want to associate templates with + <code class="inline-code">xml</code> file extension to the XML output format, + templates with <code class="inline-code">html</code> and <code class="inline-code">htm</code> + extension to the HTML output format, and templates with + <code class="inline-code">rtf</code> extension to the <code class="inline-code">RTF</code> + output format. You could achieve that like this (assuming that you + are getting the templates with + <code class="inline-code">cfg.getTemplate(<em class="code-color">...</em>)</code>, + and not instantiating them yourself):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">TemplateConfiguration tcHTML = new TemplateConfiguration(); +tcHTML.setOutputFormat(HTMLOutputFormat.INSTANCE); + +TemplateConfiguration tcXML = new TemplateConfiguration(); +tcXML.setOutputFormat(XMLOutputFormat.INSTANCE); + +TemplateConfiguration tcRTF = new TemplateConfiguration(); +tcRTF.setOutputFormat(RTFOutputFormat.INSTANCE); + +cfg.setTemplateConfigurations( + new FirstMatchTemplateConfigurationFactory( + new ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( + new FileExtensionMatcher("xml"), + tcXML), + new ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( + new OrMatcher( + new FileExtensionMatcher("html"), + new FileExtensionMatcher("htm")), + tcHTML), + new ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( + new FileExtensionMatcher("rtf"), + tcRTF) + ).allowNoMatch(true) +);</pre></div> + + <p>or if you are configuring FreeMarker from Java + <code class="inline-code">*.properties</code> file (the <code class="inline-code">\</code>-s + are required for the Java Properties file format only):</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">templateConfigurations = \ + FirstMatchTemplateConfigurationFactory( \ + ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( \ + FileExtensionMatcher("xml"), \ + TemplateConfiguration(outputFormat = XMLOutputFormat())), \ + ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( \ + OrMatcher( \ + FileExtensionMatcher("html"), \ + FileExtensionMatcher("htm")), \ + TemplateConfiguration(outputFormat = HTMLOutputFormat())), \ + ConditionalTemplateConfigurationFactory( \ + FileExtensionMatcher("rtf"), \ + TemplateConfiguration(outputFormat = RTFOutputFormat())), \ + allowNoMatch = true)</pre></div> + </li> + </ul><p>(You can find some more complex + <code class="inline-code">template_configurations</code> setups <a href="pgui_config_templateconfigurations.html">here...</a>)</p><div class="bottom-pagers-wrapper"><div class="pagers bottom"><a class="paging-arrow previous" href="pgui_config_templateconfigurations.html"><span>Previous</span></a><a class="paging-arrow next" href="pgui_config_custom_formats.html"><span>Next</span></a></div></div></div></div> </div> + </div> +<div class="site-footer"><div class="site-width"><div class="footer-top"><div class="col-left sitemap"><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Overview</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/">What is FreeMarker?</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/freemarkerdownload.html">Download</a></li><li><a href="app_versions.html">Version history</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/history.html">About us</a></li><li><a itemprop="license" href="app_license.html">License</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Handy stuff</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker-online.kenshoo.com/">Try template online</a></li><li><a href="dgui_template_exp.html#exp_cheatsheet">Expressions cheatsheet</a></li><li><a href="ref_directive_alphaidx.html">#directives</a></li><li><a href="ref_builtins_alphaidx.html">?built_ins</a></li><li><a href="ref_specvar.html">.special_vars</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Community</h3><ul><li><a href ="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">FreeMarker on Github</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Follow us on Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FREEMARKER/">Report a bug</a></li><li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Ask a question</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/mailing-lists.html">Mailing lists</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="col-right"><ul class="social-icons"><li><a class="github" href="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">Github</a></li><li><a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Twitter</a></li><li><a class="stack-overflow" href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Stack Overflow</a></li></ul><a class="xxe" href="http://www.xmlmind.com/xmleditor/" rel="nofollow" title="Edited with XMLMind XML Editor"><span>Edited with XMLMind XML Editor</span></a></div></div><div class="footer-bottom"> <p class="last-generated"> +Last generated: +<time itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2017-03-13T10:55:28Z" title="Monday, March 13, 2017 10:55:28 AM GMT">2017-03-13 10:55:28 GMT</time>, for Freemarker 2.3.26 </p> +<p class="copyright"> +© <span itemprop="copyrightYear">1999</span>â2017 +<a itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization" itemprop="copyrightHolder" href="http://apache.org/">The Apache Software Foundation</a>. Apache FreeMarker, FreeMarker, Apache Incubator, Apache, the Apache FreeMarker logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. </p> +</div></div></div></body> +</html> http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/incubator-freemarker-site/blob/52c070a9/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_settings.html ---------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_settings.html b/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_settings.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..322f062 --- /dev/null +++ b/builds/2.3.26-nightly/pgui_config_settings.html @@ -0,0 +1,378 @@ +<!doctype html> +<!-- Generated by FreeMarker/Docgen from DocBook --> +<html lang="en" class="page-type-section"> +<head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> +<meta charset="utf-8"> +<title>Settings - Apache FreeMarker Manual</title> +<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"> +<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> +<meta property="og:site_name" content="Apache FreeMarker Manual"> +<meta property="og:title" content="Settings"> +<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> +<meta property="og:url" content="http://freemarker.org/docs/pgui_config_settings.html"> +<link rel="canonical" href="http://freemarker.org/docs/pgui_config_settings.html"> +<link rel="icon" href="favicon.png" type="image/png"> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:500,700,400,300|Droid+Sans+Mono"> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docgen-resources/docgen.min.css?1489402528979"> +<script> +(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ +(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), +m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) +})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); 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Examples of settings are: + <code class="inline-code">locale</code>, <code class="inline-code">number_format</code>, + <code class="inline-code">default_encoding</code>, + <code class="inline-code">template_exception_handler</code>. The full list of + settings can be found in the <a href="http://freemarker.org/docs/api/freemarker/template/Configuration.html#setSetting-java.lang.String-java.lang.String-">Java + API documentation of + <code>Configuration.setSetting(...)</code></a>.</p><p>The settings coming from the <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> + can be overridden in a <code class="inline-code">Template</code> instance. For + example, if you set the <code class="inline-code">locale</code> setting to + <code class="inline-code">"en_US"</code> in the configuration, then the + <code class="inline-code">locale</code> in all templates that use this configuration + will be <code class="inline-code">"en_US"</code>, except in templates where the + <code class="inline-code">locale</code> was explicitly specified differently (see + <a href="ref_directive_include.html#ref_directive_include_localized">localization</a>). + Thus, the setting values in the <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> serve + as defaults that can be overridden in a per template manner. The value + coming from the <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> instance or + <code class="inline-code">Template</code> instance can be further overridden for a + single <code class="inline-code">Template.process</code> call. For each such call a + <code class="inline-code">freemarker.core.Environment</code> object is created + internally that holds the runtime environment of the template + processing, including the setting values that were overridden on that + level. The values stored there can even be changed during the template + processing, so a template can set settings itself, like switching + <code class="inline-code">locale</code> at the middle of the ongoing + processing.</p><p>This can be imagined as 3 layers + (<code class="inline-code">Configuration</code>, <code class="inline-code">Template</code>, + <code class="inline-code">Environment</code>) of settings, where the topmost layer + that contains the value for a certain setting provides the effective + value of that setting. For example (settings A to F are just imaginary + settings for this example):</p> <div class="table-responsive"> + <table class="table"> + + + + + + <thead> + <tr> + <th align="left"></th> + + + <th align="center">Setting A</th> + + + <th align="center">Setting B</th> + + + <th align="center">Setting C</th> + + + <th align="center">Setting D</th> + + + <th align="center">Setting E</th> + + + <th align="center">Setting F</th> + + </tr> + + </thead> + + + <tbody> + <tr> + <td align="left">Layer 3: <code class="inline-code">Environment</code></td> + + + <td align="center">1</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + + <td align="center">1</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + </tr> + + + <tr> + <td align="left">Layer 2: <code class="inline-code">Template</code></td> + + + <td align="center">2</td> + + + <td align="center">2</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + + <td align="center">2</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + </tr> + + + <tr> + <td align="left">Layer 1: <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code></td> + + + <td align="center">3</td> + + + <td align="center">3</td> + + + <td align="center">3</td> + + + <td align="center">3</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + + <td align="center">-</td> + + </tr> + + </tbody> + + </table> + </div> +<p>The effective value of settings will be: A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D + = 1, E = 2. The F setting is probably <code class="inline-code">null</code>, or it + throws exception when you try to get it.</p><p>Let's see exactly how to set settings:</p><ul> + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> layer: In principle you set + the settings with the setter methods of the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> object, fore example:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">Configuration myCfg = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_25); +myCfg.setTemplateExceptionHandler(TemplateExceptionHandler.RETHROW_HANDLER); +myCfg.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8"); +DefaultObjectWrapperBuilder owb = new DefaultObjectWrapperBuilder(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_25); +owb.setForceLegacyNonListCollections(false); +owb.setDefaultDateType(TemplateDateModel.DATETIME); +myCfg.setObjectWrapper(owb.build());</pre></div> + + <p>You do this before you start to actually use the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> object (typically, when you + initialize the application); you should treat the object as + read-only after that.</p> + + <p>In practice, in most frameworks you have to specify the + settings in some kind of framework-specific configuration file + that require specifying settings as <code class="inline-code">String</code> + name-value pairs (like in a <code class="inline-code">.properties</code> file). + In that case the authors of the frameworks most probably use the + <code class="inline-code">Confguration.setSetting(String name, String + value)</code> method; see available setting names and the + format of the values in the <a href="http://freemarker.org/docs/api/freemarker/template/Configuration.html#setSetting-java.lang.String-java.lang.String-">API + documentation of <code>setSetting</code></a>. Example for + Spring Framework:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified"><bean id="freemarkerConfig" + class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer"> + <property name="freemarkerSettings"> + <props> + <prop key="incompatible_improvements">2.3.25</prop> + <prop key="template_exception_handler">rethrow</prop> + <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop> + <prop key="object_wrapper"> + DefaultObjectWrapper( + 2.3.25, + forceLegacyNonListCollections = false, + defaultDateType = freemarker.template.TemplateDateModel.DATETIME) + </prop> + </props> + </property> +</bean></pre></div> + + <p>Here's the same when configuring FreeMarker for Struts, + which looks for a <code class="inline-code">freemarker.properties</code> in the + classpath:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">incompatible_improvements=2.3.25 +template_exception_handler=rethrow +default_encoding=UTF-8 +object_wrapper=DefaultObjectWrapper( \ + 2.3.25, \ + forceLegacyNonListCollections = false, \ + defaultDateType = freemarker.template.TemplateDateModel.DATETIME)</pre></div> + + <p>As demonstrated above with + <code class="inline-code">object_wrapper</code>, some settings can accept quite + complex values, which can be used to instantiate objects of + arbitrary classes and set their properties. Still, configuring + with <code class="inline-code">String</code> key-value pairs is limited compared + to directly using the Java API, so in some cases you have to find + a way to do this in Java.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">Template</code> layer: Settings on individual + templates are normally set by <a href="pgui_config_templateconfigurations.html">template + configurations (see them in their own chapter)</a>, which + basically associate setting assignments to template name (template + path) patterns. There's a deviation from this approach with the + <code class="inline-code">locale</code> setting, because that you can also + specify to <code class="inline-code">Configuration.getTemplate(...)</code> as + parameter, to get the template for the requested locale (so called + localized lookup).</p> + + <div class="callout warning"> + <strong class="callout-label">Warning!</strong> + + <p>You should never set settings directly on the + <code class="inline-code">Template</code> object that you get from + <code class="inline-code">Configuration.getTemplate(...)</code>! Those objects + should be treated as already initialized and read-only.</p> + </div> + + + <p>When a template includes or imports another template, most + of the settings (like <code class="inline-code">locale</code>, + <code class="inline-code">number_format</code>, etc.) will remain those + specified by the top-level template. The exceptions are the + settings that affect the parsing of the template (like + <code class="inline-code">tag_syntax</code>, + <code class="inline-code">whitespace_stripping</code>, etc.), as these are not + inherited from the top-level template, instead each template + always uses its own values, no mater how it was invoked.</p> + + <div class="callout note"> + <strong class="callout-label">Note:</strong> + + <p>If you are going to use template layer settings, you + should set <a href="pgui_config_incompatible_improvements.html">the + <code>incompatible_improvements</code> setting</a> to + 2.3.22 or higher, to avoid some confusing legacy bugs.</p> + </div> + + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">Environment </code>layer: There are two ways of + doing it:</p> + + <ul> + <li> + <p>With Java API: Use the setter methods of the + <code class="inline-code">Environment</code> object. You may run into the + API problem that <code class="inline-code">myTemplate.process(...)</code> + both creates the <code class="inline-code">Environment</code> object + internally and processes the template, so you have no + opportunity to adjust the <code class="inline-code">Environment</code> in + between. The solution is that those two steps can be separated + like this:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-unspecified">Environment env = myTemplate.createProcessingEnvironment(root, out); +env.setLocale(java.util.Locale.ITALY); +env.setNumberFormat("0.####"); +env.process(); // process the template</pre></div> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Directly in the Template (considered as bad style, + usually): Use the <a href="ref_directive_setting.html#ref.directive.setting"><code>setting</code> + directive</a>, for example:</p> + + + +<div class="code-wrapper"><pre class="code-block code-template"><#setting locale="it_IT"> +<#setting number_format="0.####"></pre></div> + </li> + </ul> + + <p>There are no restriction regarding when can you change the + settings in this layer.</p> + </li> + </ul><p>To see the list of supported settings and their meaning, please + read the following parts of the FreeMarker Java API + documentation:</p><ul> + <li> + <p>Setter methods of + <code class="inline-code">freemarker.core.Configurable</code> for the settings + that are in all three layers</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p>Setter methods of + <code class="inline-code">freemarker.template.Configuration</code> for the + settings that are available only in the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> layer</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">freemarker.core.Configurable.setSetting(String, + String)</code> for settings that are available in all three + layers and are writable with <code class="inline-code">String</code> key-value + pairs.</p> + </li> + + <li> + <p><code class="inline-code">freemarker.template.Configuration.setSetting(String, + String)</code> for settings that are available only in the + <code class="inline-code">Configuration</code> layer and are writable with + <code class="inline-code">String</code> key-value pairs.</p> + </li> + </ul><div class="bottom-pagers-wrapper"><div class="pagers bottom"><a class="paging-arrow previous" href="pgui_config_sharedvariables.html"><span>Previous</span></a><a class="paging-arrow next" href="pgui_config_templateloading.html"><span>Next</span></a></div></div></div></div> </div> + </div> +<div class="site-footer"><div class="site-width"><div class="footer-top"><div class="col-left sitemap"><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Overview</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/">What is FreeMarker?</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/freemarkerdownload.html">Download</a></li><li><a href="app_versions.html">Version history</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/history.html">About us</a></li><li><a itemprop="license" href="app_license.html">License</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Handy stuff</h3><ul><li><a href="http://freemarker-online.kenshoo.com/">Try template online</a></li><li><a href="dgui_template_exp.html#exp_cheatsheet">Expressions cheatsheet</a></li><li><a href="ref_directive_alphaidx.html">#directives</a></li><li><a href="ref_builtins_alphaidx.html">?built_ins</a></li><li><a href="ref_specvar.html">.special_vars</a></li></ul></div><div class="column"><h3 class="column-header">Community</h3><ul><li><a href ="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">FreeMarker on Github</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Follow us on Twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FREEMARKER/">Report a bug</a></li><li><a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Ask a question</a></li><li><a href="http://freemarker.org/mailing-lists.html">Mailing lists</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="col-right"><ul class="social-icons"><li><a class="github" href="https://github.com/freemarker/freemarker">Github</a></li><li><a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/freemarker">Twitter</a></li><li><a class="stack-overflow" href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask?tags=freemarker">Stack Overflow</a></li></ul><a class="xxe" href="http://www.xmlmind.com/xmleditor/" rel="nofollow" title="Edited with XMLMind XML Editor"><span>Edited with XMLMind XML Editor</span></a></div></div><div class="footer-bottom"> <p class="last-generated"> +Last generated: +<time itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2017-03-13T10:55:28Z" title="Monday, March 13, 2017 10:55:28 AM GMT">2017-03-13 10:55:28 GMT</time>, for Freemarker 2.3.26 </p> +<p class="copyright"> +© <span itemprop="copyrightYear">1999</span>â2017 +<a itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization" itemprop="copyrightHolder" href="http://apache.org/">The Apache Software Foundation</a>. Apache FreeMarker, FreeMarker, Apache Incubator, Apache, the Apache FreeMarker logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. </p> +</div></div></div></body> +</html>
