[
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/GROOVY-9159?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:all-tabpanel
]
Daniel Sun updated GROOVY-9159:
-------------------------------
Description:
h2. *Ⅰ. Background*
In order to make querying different types of data sources convenient, we need a
unified querying interface, i.e. GINQ
h2. *Ⅱ. Solution*
The basic rationale can be shown as follows:
*Groovy User* ==_writes GINQ code_==> *Parrot Parser* ==generates AST==> *GINQ
Engine* ==_translates AST to Stream-Like method invocations_==> *Bytecode
Writer*
h3. {{translates AST to Stream-Like method invocations}} will be designed for
different cases:
h4. 1) target objects are all collections
translates AST to Java 8+ stream method invocations
h4. 2) target objects are all DB related objects
translates AST to *JOOQ* method invocations( [https://github.com/jOOQ/jOOQ] ),
which would be implemented as a {{GINQ provider}} in a seperate
sub-project(e.g. {{groovy-linq-jooq}}). _Note: *JOOQ* is licensed under *APL2*
too_( [https://github.com/jOOQ/jOOQ/blob/master/LICENSE] )
h4. 3) target objects are XML, CSV, etc. related objects, or even mixed types
of objects
We can treate the case as a special sub-case of case 1
h3. *Note:*
{color:#d04437}1. The exact syntax might be altered before introduction,
currently working on the general principle.{color}
2.GINQ will reuse most of standard SQL syntax, which can make the learning
curve smooth and avoid infringing the patent of Microsoft.
3. All GINQ related keywords are uppercase to avoid breaking existing source
code as possible as we can, e.g. {{FROM}}, {{WHERE}}, {{SELECT}}, etc.
4. In order to support type inference better, {{SELECT}} clause is placed at
the end of GINQ expression.
5. {{alias.VALUE}} is a virtual property and is used to reference the whole
record as value. It can be simplified as {{alias}}.
6. {{SELECT P1, P2 ... Pn}} is a simplifed syntax of {{SELECT Tuple.tuple(P1,
P2 ... Pn)}} and will create a {{List}} of {{Tuple}} sub-class instances when
and only when {{n >= 2}}
h2. *Ⅲ. EBNF*
h3. TBD
h2. *Ⅳ. Examples*
h3. 1. Filtering
{code:java}
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
{code}
h4. 1.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
WHERE p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Alice'] == result
{code}
{code:java}
persons.stream().filter(p -> p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35).map(p ->
p.name).collect(Collectors.toList())
{code}
h4. 1.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
WHERE p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35
SELECT p
assert [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Alice', age:
22)] == result
{code}
{code:java}
persons.stream().filter(p -> p.age > 15 && p.age <=
35).collect(Collectors.toList())
{code}
h4. 1.3
{code:java}
def numbers = [1, 2, 3]
def result =
FROM numbers t
WHERE t <= 2
SELECT t
assert [1, 2] == result
{code}
{code:java}
numbers.stream().filter(t -> t <= 2).collect(Collectors.toList())
{code}
h3. 2. Joining
{code:java}
import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
City city
}
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class City {
String name
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35, city: new City('Shanghai')),
new Person(name: 'Peter', age: 10, city: new City('Beijing')), new Person(name:
'Alice', age: 22, city: new City('Hangzhou'))]
def cities = [new City('Shanghai'), new City('Beijing'), new City('Guangzhou')]
{code}
h4. 2.1
{code:java}
// inner join
def result =
FROM persons p INNER JOIN cities c
ON p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h4. 2.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p, cities c
WHERE p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h4. 2.3
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p, cities c
WHERE p.city == c
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h4. 2.4
{code:java}
// left outer join
def result =
FROM persons p LEFT JOIN cities c // same to LEFT OUTER JOIN
ON p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name, c.name
assert [tuple('Daniel', 'Shanghai'), tuple('Peter', 'Beijing'), tuple('Alice',
null)] == result
{code}
h4. 2.5
{code:java}
// right outer join
def result =
FROM persons p RIGHT JOIN cities c // same to RIGHT OUTER JOIN
ON p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name, c.name
assert [tuple('Daniel', 'Shanghai'), tuple('Peter', 'Beijing'), tuple(null,
'Guangzhou')] == result
{code}
h3. 3. Projection
{code:java}
import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
{code}
h4. 3.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter', 'Alice'] == result
{code}
h4. 3.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p.name, p.age
assert [tuple('Daniel', 35), tuple('Peter', 10), tuple('Alice', 22)] == result
{code}
h4. 3.3
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT [name: p.name, age: p.age]
assert [ [name: 'Daniel', age: 35], [name: 'Peter', age: 10], [name: 'Alice',
age: 22] ] == result
{code}
h4. 3.4
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT new Person(name: p.name, age: p.age)
assert persons == result
{code}
h4. 3.5
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p.VALUE
assert persons == result
{code}
h4. 3.6
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p
assert persons == result
{code}
h3. 4. Grouping
{code:java}
import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
String gender
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35, gender: 'Male'), new
Person(name: 'Peter', age: 10, gender: 'Male'), new Person(name: 'Alice', age:
22, gender: 'Female')]
{code}
h4. 4.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
GROUP BY p.gender
SELECT p.gender, MAX(p.age)
assert [tuple('Male', 35), tuple('Female', 22)] == result
{code}
h3. 5. Sorting
{code:java}
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
{code}
h4. 5.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
ORDER BY p.age
SELECT p.name
assert ['Peter', 'Alice', 'Daniel'] == result
{code}
h4. 5.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
ORDER BY p.age desc
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Alice', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h3. 6. Pagination
{code:java}
def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
{code}
h4. 6.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM numbers n
LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
SELECT n
assert [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] == result
{code}
h4. 6.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM numbers n
LIMIT 5
SELECT n
assert [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] == result
{code}
h3. 7. Nested Queries
{code:java}
def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
{code}
h4. 7.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM (
FROM numbers n
WHERE n <= 5
SELECT n
) v
LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
SELECT v
assert [2, 3, 4, 5] == result
{code}
h3. 8. WITH-Clause
{code:java}
def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
{code}
h4. 8.1
{code:java}
def result =
WITH v AS (
FROM numbers n
WHERE n <= 5
SELECT n
)
FROM v
LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
SELECT v
assert [2, 3, 4, 5] == result
{code}
h3. 9. Union
{code:java}
def numbers1 = [0, 1, 2]
def numbers2 = [2, 3, 4]
{code}
h4. 9.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM numbers1 n
SELECT n
UNION ALL
FROM numbers2 n
SELECT n
assert [0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4] == result
{code}
h4. 9.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM numbers1 n
SELECT n
UNION
FROM numbers2 n
SELECT n
assert [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] == result
{code}
was:
h2. *Ⅰ. Background*
In order to make querying different types of data sources convenient, we need a
unified querying interface, i.e. GINQ
h2. *Ⅱ. Solution*
The basic rationale can be shown as follows:
*Groovy User* ==_writes GINQ code_==> *Parrot Parser* ==generates AST==> *GINQ
Engine* ==_translates AST to Stream-Like method invocations_==> *Bytecode
Writer*
h3. {{translates AST to Stream-Like method invocations}} will be designed for
different cases:
h4. 1) target objects are all collections
translates AST to Java 8+ stream method invocations
h4. 2) target objects are all DB related objects
translates AST to *JOOQ* method invocations( [https://github.com/jOOQ/jOOQ] ),
which would be implemented as a {{GINQ provider}} in a seperate
sub-project(e.g. {{groovy-linq-jooq}}). _Note: *JOOQ* is licensed under *APL2*
too_( [https://github.com/jOOQ/jOOQ/blob/master/LICENSE] )
h4. 3) target objects are XML, CSV, etc. related objects, or even mixed types
of objects
We can treate the case as a special sub-case of case 1
h3. *Note:*
{color:#d04437}1. The exact syntax might be altered before introduction,
currently working on the general principle.{color}
2.GINQ will reuse most of standard SQL syntax, which can make the learning
curve smooth and avoid infringing the patent of Microsoft.
3. All GINQ related keywords are uppercase to avoid breaking existing source
code as possible as we can, e.g. {{FROM}}, {{WHERE}}, {{SELECT}}, etc.
4. In order to support type inference better, {{SELECT}} clause is placed at
the end of GINQ expression.
5. {{alias.VALUE}} is a virtual property and is used to reference the whole
record as value. It can be simplified as {{alias}}.
6. {{SELECT P1, P2 ... Pn}} is a simplifed syntax of {{SELECT Tuple.tuple(P1,
P2 ... Pn)}} and will create a {{List}} of {{Tuple}} sub-class instances when
and only when {{n >= 2}}
h2. *Ⅲ. EBNF*
h3. TBD
h2. *Ⅳ. Examples*
h3. 1. Filtering
{code:java}
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
{code}
h4. 1.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
WHERE p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Alice'] == result
{code}
{code:java}
persons.stream().filter(p -> p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35).map(p ->
p.name).collect(Collectors.toList())
{code}
h4. 1.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
WHERE p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35
SELECT p
assert [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Alice', age:
22)] == result
{code}
{code:java}
persons.stream().filter(p -> p.age > 15 && p.age <=
35).collect(Collectors.toList())
{code}
h4. 1.3
{code:java}
def numbers = [1, 2, 3]
def result =
FROM numbers t
WHERE t <= 2
SELECT t
assert [1, 2] == result
{code}
{code:java}
numbers.stream().filter(t -> t <= 2).collect(Collectors.toList())
{code}
h3. 2. Joining
{code:java}
import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
City city
}
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class City {
String name
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35, city: new City('Shanghai')),
new Person(name: 'Peter', age: 10, city: new City('Beijing')), new Person(name:
'Alice', age: 22, city: new City('Hangzhou'))]
def cities = [new City('Shanghai'), new City('Beijing'), new City('Guangzhou')]
{code}
h4. 2.1
{code:java}
// inner join
def result =
FROM persons p INNER JOIN cities c
ON p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h4. 2.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p, cities c
WHERE p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h4. 2.3
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p, cities c
WHERE p.city == c
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h4. 2.4
{code:java}
// left outer join
def result =
FROM persons p LEFT JOIN cities c // same to LEFT OUTER JOIN
ON p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name, c.name
assert [tuple('Daniel', 'Shanghai'), tuple('Peter', 'Beijing'), tuple('Alice',
null)] == result
{code}
h4. 2.5
{code:java}
// right outer join
def result =
FROM persons p RIGHT JOIN cities c // same to RIGHT OUTER JOIN
ON p.city.name == c.name
SELECT p.name, c.name
assert [tuple('Daniel', 'Shanghai'), tuple('Peter', 'Beijing'), tuple(null,
'Guangzhou')] == result
{code}
h3. 3. Projection
{code:java}
import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
{code}
h4. 3.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Peter', 'Alice'] == result
{code}
h4. 3.2
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p.name, p.age
assert [tuple('Daniel', 35), tuple('Peter', 10), tuple('Alice', 22)] == result
{code}
h4. 3.3
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT [name: p.name, age: p.age]
assert [ [name: 'Daniel', age: 35], [name: 'Peter', age: 10], [name: 'Alice',
age: 22] ] == result
{code}
h4. 3.4
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT new Person(name: p.name, age: p.age)
assert persons == result
{code}
h4. 3.5
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p.VALUE
assert persons == result
{code}
h4. 3.6
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
SELECT p
assert persons == result
{code}
h3. 4. Grouping
{code:java}
import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
String gender
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35, gender: 'Male'), new
Person(name: 'Peter', age: 10, gender: 'Male'), new Person(name: 'Alice', age:
22, gender: 'Female')]
{code}
h4. 4.1
{code:java}
def result =
FROM persons p
GROUP BY p.gender
SELECT p.gender, MAX(p.age)
assert [tuple('Male', 35), tuple('Female', 22)] == result
{code}
h3. 5. Sorting
{code:java}
@groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
class Person {
String name
int age
}
def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
def result =
FROM persons p
ORDER BY p.age
SELECT p.name
assert ['Peter', 'Alice', 'Daniel'] == result
result =
FROM persons p
ORDER BY p.age desc
SELECT p.name
assert ['Daniel', 'Alice', 'Peter'] == result
{code}
h3. 6. Pagination
{code:java}
def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
def result =
FROM numbers n
LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
SELECT n
assert [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] == result
result =
FROM numbers n
LIMIT 5
SELECT n
assert [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] == result
{code}
h3. 7. Nested Queries
{code:java}
def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
def result =
FROM (
FROM numbers n
WHERE n <= 5
SELECT n
) v
LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
SELECT v
assert [2, 3, 4, 5] == result
{code}
h3. 8. WITH-Clause
{code:java}
def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
def result =
WITH v AS (
FROM numbers n
WHERE n <= 5
SELECT n
)
FROM v
LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
SELECT v
assert [2, 3, 4, 5] == result
{code}
h3. 9. Union
{code:java}
def numbers1 = [0, 1, 2]
def numbers2 = [2, 3, 4]
def result =
FROM numbers1 n
SELECT n
UNION ALL
FROM numbers2 n
SELECT n
assert [0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4] == result
result =
FROM numbers1 n
SELECT n
UNION
FROM numbers2 n
SELECT n
assert [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] == result
{code}
> [GEP] Support LINQ, aka GINQ
> ----------------------------
>
> Key: GROOVY-9159
> URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/GROOVY-9159
> Project: Groovy
> Issue Type: New Feature
> Reporter: Daniel Sun
> Priority: Major
> Labels: features
> Fix For: 4.x
>
>
> h2. *Ⅰ. Background*
> In order to make querying different types of data sources convenient, we need
> a unified querying interface, i.e. GINQ
> h2. *Ⅱ. Solution*
> The basic rationale can be shown as follows:
> *Groovy User* ==_writes GINQ code_==> *Parrot Parser* ==generates AST==>
> *GINQ Engine* ==_translates AST to Stream-Like method invocations_==>
> *Bytecode Writer*
> h3. {{translates AST to Stream-Like method invocations}} will be designed for
> different cases:
> h4. 1) target objects are all collections
> translates AST to Java 8+ stream method invocations
> h4. 2) target objects are all DB related objects
> translates AST to *JOOQ* method invocations( [https://github.com/jOOQ/jOOQ]
> ), which would be implemented as a {{GINQ provider}} in a seperate
> sub-project(e.g. {{groovy-linq-jooq}}). _Note: *JOOQ* is licensed under
> *APL2* too_( [https://github.com/jOOQ/jOOQ/blob/master/LICENSE] )
> h4. 3) target objects are XML, CSV, etc. related objects, or even mixed types
> of objects
> We can treate the case as a special sub-case of case 1
> h3. *Note:*
> {color:#d04437}1. The exact syntax might be altered before introduction,
> currently working on the general principle.{color}
> 2.GINQ will reuse most of standard SQL syntax, which can make the learning
> curve smooth and avoid infringing the patent of Microsoft.
> 3. All GINQ related keywords are uppercase to avoid breaking existing source
> code as possible as we can, e.g. {{FROM}}, {{WHERE}}, {{SELECT}}, etc.
> 4. In order to support type inference better, {{SELECT}} clause is placed at
> the end of GINQ expression.
> 5. {{alias.VALUE}} is a virtual property and is used to reference the whole
> record as value. It can be simplified as {{alias}}.
> 6. {{SELECT P1, P2 ... Pn}} is a simplifed syntax of {{SELECT
> Tuple.tuple(P1, P2 ... Pn)}} and will create a {{List}} of {{Tuple}}
> sub-class instances when and only when {{n >= 2}}
> h2. *Ⅲ. EBNF*
> h3. TBD
> h2. *Ⅳ. Examples*
> h3. 1. Filtering
> {code:java}
> @groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
> class Person {
> String name
> int age
> }
> def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
> age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
> {code}
> h4. 1.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> WHERE p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Daniel', 'Alice'] == result
> {code}
> {code:java}
> persons.stream().filter(p -> p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35).map(p ->
> p.name).collect(Collectors.toList())
> {code}
> h4. 1.2
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> WHERE p.age > 15 && p.age <= 35
> SELECT p
> assert [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Alice', age:
> 22)] == result
> {code}
> {code:java}
> persons.stream().filter(p -> p.age > 15 && p.age <=
> 35).collect(Collectors.toList())
> {code}
> h4. 1.3
> {code:java}
> def numbers = [1, 2, 3]
> def result =
> FROM numbers t
> WHERE t <= 2
> SELECT t
> assert [1, 2] == result
> {code}
> {code:java}
> numbers.stream().filter(t -> t <= 2).collect(Collectors.toList())
> {code}
> h3. 2. Joining
> {code:java}
> import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
> @groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
> class Person {
> String name
> int age
> City city
> }
> @groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
> class City {
> String name
> }
> def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35, city: new
> City('Shanghai')), new Person(name: 'Peter', age: 10, city: new
> City('Beijing')), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22, city: new
> City('Hangzhou'))]
> def cities = [new City('Shanghai'), new City('Beijing'), new
> City('Guangzhou')]
> {code}
> h4. 2.1
> {code:java}
> // inner join
> def result =
> FROM persons p INNER JOIN cities c
> ON p.city.name == c.name
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
> {code}
> h4. 2.2
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p, cities c
> WHERE p.city.name == c.name
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
> {code}
> h4. 2.3
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p, cities c
> WHERE p.city == c
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Daniel', 'Peter'] == result
> {code}
> h4. 2.4
> {code:java}
> // left outer join
> def result =
> FROM persons p LEFT JOIN cities c // same to LEFT OUTER JOIN
> ON p.city.name == c.name
> SELECT p.name, c.name
> assert [tuple('Daniel', 'Shanghai'), tuple('Peter', 'Beijing'),
> tuple('Alice', null)] == result
> {code}
> h4. 2.5
> {code:java}
> // right outer join
> def result =
> FROM persons p RIGHT JOIN cities c // same to RIGHT OUTER JOIN
> ON p.city.name == c.name
> SELECT p.name, c.name
> assert [tuple('Daniel', 'Shanghai'), tuple('Peter', 'Beijing'), tuple(null,
> 'Guangzhou')] == result
> {code}
> h3. 3. Projection
> {code:java}
> import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
> @groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
> class Person {
> String name
> int age
> }
> def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
> age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
> {code}
> h4. 3.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Daniel', 'Peter', 'Alice'] == result
> {code}
> h4. 3.2
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> SELECT p.name, p.age
> assert [tuple('Daniel', 35), tuple('Peter', 10), tuple('Alice', 22)] == result
> {code}
> h4. 3.3
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> SELECT [name: p.name, age: p.age]
> assert [ [name: 'Daniel', age: 35], [name: 'Peter', age: 10], [name: 'Alice',
> age: 22] ] == result
> {code}
> h4. 3.4
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> SELECT new Person(name: p.name, age: p.age)
> assert persons == result
> {code}
> h4. 3.5
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> SELECT p.VALUE
> assert persons == result
> {code}
> h4. 3.6
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> SELECT p
> assert persons == result
> {code}
> h3. 4. Grouping
> {code:java}
> import static groovy.lang.Tuple.*
> @groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
> class Person {
> String name
> int age
> String gender
> }
> def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35, gender: 'Male'), new
> Person(name: 'Peter', age: 10, gender: 'Male'), new Person(name: 'Alice',
> age: 22, gender: 'Female')]
> {code}
> h4. 4.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> GROUP BY p.gender
> SELECT p.gender, MAX(p.age)
> assert [tuple('Male', 35), tuple('Female', 22)] == result
> {code}
> h3. 5. Sorting
> {code:java}
> @groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode
> class Person {
> String name
> int age
> }
> def persons = [new Person(name: 'Daniel', age: 35), new Person(name: 'Peter',
> age: 10), new Person(name: 'Alice', age: 22)]
> {code}
> h4. 5.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> ORDER BY p.age
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Peter', 'Alice', 'Daniel'] == result
> {code}
> h4. 5.2
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM persons p
> ORDER BY p.age desc
> SELECT p.name
> assert ['Daniel', 'Alice', 'Peter'] == result
> {code}
> h3. 6. Pagination
> {code:java}
> def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
> {code}
> h4. 6.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM numbers n
> LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
> SELECT n
> assert [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] == result
> {code}
> h4. 6.2
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM numbers n
> LIMIT 5
> SELECT n
> assert [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] == result
> {code}
> h3. 7. Nested Queries
> {code:java}
> def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
> {code}
> h4. 7.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM (
> FROM numbers n
> WHERE n <= 5
> SELECT n
> ) v
> LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
> SELECT v
> assert [2, 3, 4, 5] == result
> {code}
> h3. 8. WITH-Clause
> {code:java}
> def numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
> {code}
> h4. 8.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> WITH v AS (
> FROM numbers n
> WHERE n <= 5
> SELECT n
> )
> FROM v
> LIMIT 5 OFFSET 2
> SELECT v
> assert [2, 3, 4, 5] == result
> {code}
> h3. 9. Union
> {code:java}
> def numbers1 = [0, 1, 2]
> def numbers2 = [2, 3, 4]
> {code}
> h4. 9.1
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM numbers1 n
> SELECT n
> UNION ALL
> FROM numbers2 n
> SELECT n
> assert [0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4] == result
> {code}
> h4. 9.2
> {code:java}
> def result =
> FROM numbers1 n
> SELECT n
> UNION
> FROM numbers2 n
> SELECT n
>
> assert [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] == result
> {code}
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