rgoers commented on code in PR #2438:
URL: https://github.com/apache/logging-log4j2/pull/2438#discussion_r1553754256


##########
log4j-api/src/main/java/org/apache/logging/log4j/spi/internal/DefaultScopedContextProvider.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.logging.log4j.spi.internal;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.ScopedContext;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.ThreadContext;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.spi.ScopedContextProvider;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.status.StatusLogger;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.util.StringMap;
+
+/**
+ * An implementation of {@link ScopedContextProvider} that uses the simplest 
implementation.
+ * @since 2.24.0
+ */
+public class DefaultScopedContextProvider implements ScopedContextProvider {
+
+    public static final Logger LOGGER = StatusLogger.getLogger();
+    public static final ScopedContextProvider INSTANCE = new 
DefaultScopedContextProvider();
+
+    private final ThreadLocal<Instance> scopedContext = new ThreadLocal<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an immutable Map containing all the key/value pairs as Object 
objects.
+     * @return The current context Instance.
+     */
+    private Optional<Instance> getContext() {
+        return Optional.ofNullable(scopedContext.get());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add the ScopeContext.
+     * @param context The ScopeContext.
+     */
+    private void addScopedContext(final Instance context) {
+        Instance current = scopedContext.get();
+        scopedContext.set(context);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Remove the top ScopeContext.
+     */
+    private void removeScopedContext() {
+        final Instance current = scopedContext.get();
+        if (current != null) {
+            if (current.parent != null) {
+                scopedContext.set(current.parent);
+            } else {
+                scopedContext.remove();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Map<String, ?> getContextMap() {
+        final Optional<Instance> context = getContext();
+        return context.isPresent()
+                        && context.get().contextMap != null
+                        && !context.get().contextMap.isEmpty()
+                ? Collections.unmodifiableMap(context.get().contextMap)
+                : Collections.emptyMap();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the value of the key from the current ScopedContext, if there is 
one and the key exists.
+     * @param key The key.
+     * @return The value of the key in the current ScopedContext.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Object getValue(final String key) {
+        final Optional<Instance> context = getContext();
+        return context.map(instance -> instance.contextMap)
+                .map(map -> map.get(key))
+                .orElse(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return String value of the key from the current ScopedContext, if there 
is one and the key exists.
+     * @param key The key.
+     * @return The value of the key in the current ScopedContext.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String getString(final String key) {
+        final Optional<Instance> context = getContext();
+        if (context.isPresent()) {
+            final Object obj = context.get().contextMap.get(key);
+            if (obj != null) {
+                return obj.toString();
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds all the String rendered objects in the context map to the provided 
Map.
+     * @param map The Map to add entries to.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void addContextMapTo(final StringMap map) {
+        final Optional<Instance> context = getContext();
+        if (context.isPresent()) {
+            final Map<String, ?> contextMap = context.get().contextMap;
+            if (contextMap != null && !contextMap.isEmpty()) {
+                contextMap.forEach((key, value) -> map.putValue(key, 
value.toString()));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ScopedContext.Instance newScopedContext() {
+        return getContext().isPresent() ? getContext().get() : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a ScopedContext Instance with a key/value pair.
+     *
+     * @param key   the key to add.
+     * @param value the value associated with the key.
+     * @return the Instance constructed if a valid key and value were 
provided. Otherwise, either the
+     * current Instance is returned or a new Instance is created if there is 
no current Instance.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ScopedContext.Instance newScopedContext(final String key, final 
Object value) {
+        if (value != null) {
+            final Instance parent = getContext().isPresent() ? 
getContext().get() : null;
+            if (parent != null) {
+                return new Instance(parent, key, value);
+            } else {
+                return new Instance(this, key, value);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (getContext().isPresent()) {
+                final Map<String, ?> map = getContextMap();
+                map.remove(key);
+                return new Instance(this, map);
+            }
+        }
+        return newScopedContext();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a ScopedContext Instance with a Map of keys and values.
+     * @param map the Map.
+     * @return the ScopedContext Instance constructed.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ScopedContext.Instance newScopedContext(final Map<String, ?> map) {
+        if (map != null && !map.isEmpty()) {
+            final Map<String, Object> objectMap = new HashMap<>();
+            if (getContext().isPresent()) {
+                objectMap.putAll(getContext().get().contextMap);
+            }
+            map.forEach((key, value) -> {
+                if (value == null || (value instanceof String && ((String) 
value).isEmpty())) {
+                    objectMap.remove(key);
+                } else {
+                    objectMap.put(key, value);
+                }
+            });
+            return new Instance(this, objectMap);
+        } else {
+            return getContext().isPresent() ? getContext().get() : null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void setupContext(
+            final Map<String, Object> contextMap,
+            final Map<String, String> threadContextMap,
+            final Collection<String> contextStack,
+            final Instance context) {
+        Instance scopedContext = context;
+        // If the current context has a Map then we can just use it.
+        if (context.contextMap == null) {
+            do {
+                if (scopedContext.contextMap != null) {
+                    // Once we hit a scope with an already populated Map we 
won't need to go any further.
+                    contextMap.putAll(scopedContext.contextMap);
+                    break;
+                } else if (scopedContext.key != null) {
+                    contextMap.putIfAbsent(scopedContext.key, 
scopedContext.value);
+                }
+                scopedContext = scopedContext.parent;
+            } while (scopedContext != null);
+            scopedContext = new Instance(context.getProvider(), contextMap);
+        }
+        if (threadContextMap != null && !threadContextMap.isEmpty()) {
+            ThreadContext.putAll(threadContextMap);
+        }
+        if (contextStack != null) {
+            ThreadContext.setStack(contextStack);
+        }
+        context.getProvider().addScopedContext(scopedContext);
+    }
+
+    private static final class Instance implements ScopedContext.Instance {
+
+        private final DefaultScopedContextProvider provider;
+        private final Instance parent;
+        private final String key;
+        private final Object value;
+        private final Map<String, ?> contextMap;

Review Comment:
   In the default version the parent is necessary since we aren't using a queue 
in the ThreadLocal. Having the key and value eliminates having to create and 
copy maps for every call to the where method. We really only populate the Map 
on a run or call. 
   Are you proposing we always allocate a Map? Yes, that gets rid of null 
checks but then requires copying the map. I would opt for the null checks over 
that.



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