makssent opened a new issue, #40261:
URL: https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/issues/40261

   ### Before reporting a bug
   
   - [x] I have searched open and closed [GitHub 
issues](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/issues).
   - [x] I have read the [ShardingSphere 
documentation](https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/current/en/overview).
   
   ### ShardingSphere version
   
   master, commit 
[`01446d4fad4`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/commit/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df)
   
   ### ShardingSphere project
   
   ShardingSphere-Proxy
   
   ### Expected behavior
   
   The proxy should name the columns of a derived table after the column list 
that follows its alias 
([`derived_table`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/dsql/parse.y#L6110-L6120),
 
[`derived_column_list`](https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/blob/v5.0.4/src/dsql/parse.y#L6138-L6142)),
 as the Firebird server does.
   
   ### Actual behavior
   
   The proxy ignores the column list of the derived table and rejects the 
column names from it.
   
   The same statements were executed directly on the Firebird server and 
through the proxy:
   
   | Statement | Firebird server | Proxy |
   | --- | --- | --- |
   | `SELECT A FROM (SELECT ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1) D (A)` | Success, no 
rows, the column is named A | Error 
[`isc_random`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/database/protocol/dialect/firebird/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/database/protocol/firebird/err/FirebirdErrorSegmentResolver.java#L56)
 "Unknown column 'A' in 'field list'." |
   | `SELECT D.A, D.B FROM (SELECT ID, NAME FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1) AS D 
(A, B)` | Success, no rows, the columns are named A and B | Error 
[`isc_random`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/database/protocol/dialect/firebird/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/database/protocol/firebird/err/FirebirdErrorSegmentResolver.java#L56)
 "Unknown column 'D.A' in 'field list'." |
   
   So through the proxy an application cannot rename the columns of a derived 
table with a column list.
   
   ### Reason analysis
   
   - 
[`tableFactor`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/antlr4/imports/firebird/DMLStatement.g4#L140-L145)
 in the Firebird grammar of ShardingSphere accepts 
[`columnNames`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/antlr4/imports/firebird/BaseRule.g4#L202-L204)
 after the alias of a subquery.
   - 
[`FirebirdDMLStatementVisitor#visitTableFactor`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/engine/dialect/firebird/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/sql/parser/engine/firebird/visitor/statement/type/FirebirdDMLStatementVisitor.java#L536-L545)
 sets only the alias of the 
[`SubqueryTableSegment`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/statement/core/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/sql/parser/statement/core/segment/generic/table/SubqueryTableSegment.java#L38)
 and does not add these column names to its 
[`columns`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/parser/sql/statement/core/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/sql/parser/statement/core/segment/generic/table/SubqueryTableSegment.java#L46).
   - 
[`SubqueryTableSegmentBinder#bind`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/infra/binder/core/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/infra/binder/engine/segment/dml/from/type/SubqueryTableSegmentBinder.java#L85-L91)
 then names the columns of the derived table after the select list of the 
subquery (`ID`, `NAME`), because the segment has neither columns nor column 
aliases 
([`getSubqueryColumns`](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/01446d4fad48450e7fc3eb3b3631b25d6bf411df/infra/binder/core/src/main/java/org/apache/shardingsphere/infra/binder/engine/segment/dml/from/type/SubqueryTableSegmentBinder.java#L100-L113)),
 so `A` and `D.A` are unknown.
   
   ### Steps to reproduce
   
   #### Environment
   
   - Firebird server 5.0.
   - Client: Jaybird 6.0.7.
   
   #### Steps
   
   1. Create the table on the Firebird server:
   
   ```sql
   CREATE TABLE T_PLAIN (ID INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, NAME VARCHAR(20));
   ```
   
   2. Start ShardingSphere-Proxy with this configuration:
   
   ```yaml
   # global.yaml
   authority:
     users:
       - user: root@%
         password: root
     privilege:
       type: ALL_PERMITTED
   props:
     proxy-frontend-database-protocol-type: Firebird
   ```
   
   ```yaml
   # database-firebird.yaml
   databaseName: firebird_db
   dataSources:
     ds_0:
       url: jdbc:firebirdsql://<host>/<database file>
       username: <user>
       password: <password>
   rules:
     - !SINGLE
       tables:
         - "*.*"
   ```
   
   3. Execute the statements from the table under "Actual behavior" through the 
proxy and directly on the Firebird server, and compare the results. "Example 
code" runs all of them.
   
   ### Example code
   
   The statements from the table on Jaybird 6.0.7. The comment above each call 
shows what it prints against the Firebird server and through the proxy.
   
   ```java
   import java.sql.Connection;
   import java.sql.DriverManager;
   import java.sql.ResultSet;
   import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
   import java.sql.SQLException;
   import java.sql.Statement;
   import java.sql.Types;
   import java.util.ArrayList;
   import java.util.List;
   
   public class DerivedColumnList {
   
       // The proxy; put the URL of the Firebird server here to compare
       static final String URL = "jdbc:firebirdsql://<proxy host>:<proxy 
port>/firebird_db?encoding=UTF8&wireCrypt=DISABLED";
   
       static final String USER = "root";
   
       static final String PASSWORD = "root";
   
       public static void main(final String[] args) throws SQLException {
           try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, 
PASSWORD)) {
               // Firebird server: "SELECT A FROM (SELECT ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE 
ID = -1) D (A) -> A INTEGER: no rows";
               // proxy: "SELECT A FROM (SELECT ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1) 
D (A) -> error: Unknown column 'A' in 'field list'. ..."
               execute(connection, "SELECT A FROM (SELECT ID FROM T_PLAIN WHERE 
ID = -1) D (A)");
               // Firebird server: "SELECT D.A, D.B FROM (SELECT ID, NAME FROM 
T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1) AS D (A, B) -> A INTEGER, B VARCHAR(20): no rows";
               // proxy: "SELECT D.A, D.B FROM (SELECT ID, NAME FROM T_PLAIN 
WHERE ID = -1) AS D (A, B) -> error: Unknown column 'D.A' in 'field list'. ..."
               execute(connection, "SELECT D.A, D.B FROM (SELECT ID, NAME FROM 
T_PLAIN WHERE ID = -1) AS D (A, B)");
           }
       }
   
       // Executes the statement and prints the described columns with the 
rows, the update count or the error
       static void execute(final Connection connection, final String sql) {
           try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
               if (!statement.execute(sql)) {
                   System.out.println(sql + " -> update count " + 
statement.getUpdateCount());
                   return;
               }
               try (ResultSet resultSet = statement.getResultSet()) {
                   ResultSetMetaData metaData = resultSet.getMetaData();
                   List<String> columns = new ArrayList<>();
                   for (int i = 1; i <= metaData.getColumnCount(); i++) {
                       int type = metaData.getColumnType(i);
                       boolean text = Types.CHAR == type || Types.VARCHAR == 
type;
                       columns.add(metaData.getColumnLabel(i) + " " + 
metaData.getColumnTypeName(i) + (text ? "(" + metaData.getPrecision(i) + ")" : 
""));
                   }
                   List<String> rows = new ArrayList<>();
                   while (resultSet.next()) {
                       List<String> values = new ArrayList<>();
                       for (int i = 1; i <= metaData.getColumnCount(); i++) {
                           values.add(String.valueOf(resultSet.getObject(i)));
                       }
                       rows.add(String.join(", ", values));
                   }
                   System.out.println(sql + " -> " + String.join(", ", columns) 
+ ": " + (rows.isEmpty() ? "no rows" : String.join("; ", rows)));
               }
           } catch (final SQLException ex) {
               System.out.println(sql + " -> error: " + ex.getMessage());
           }
       }
   }
   ```
   


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