pbottine opened a new issue, #40296:
URL: https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/issues/40296
## Reproduction
With Java 17 and Maven dependencies
`shardingsphere-parser-sql-engine-mysql:5.5.3`,
`shardingsphere-parser-sql-engine-sqlserver:5.5.3`, and
`shardingsphere-sql-federation-compiler:5.5.3`, run:
```java
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.engine.api.*;
import
org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.segment.dml.expr.*;
import
org.apache.shardingsphere.sql.parser.statement.core.statement.type.dml.SelectStatement;
import
org.apache.shardingsphere.sqlfederation.compiler.sql.ast.converter.segment.expression.ExpressionConverter;
public class Repro {
static String shape(ExpressionSegment e) {
if (e instanceof BinaryOperationExpression b)
return "(" + shape(b.getLeft()) + " " + b.getOperator() + " " +
shape(b.getRight()) + ")";
return e.getText();
}
static void test(String dialect, String where) {
var parser = new SQLParserEngine(dialect, new CacheOption(128, 1024L));
var visitor = new SQLStatementVisitorEngine(dialect);
var statement = (SelectStatement) visitor.visit(parser.parse(
"SELECT * FROM t WHERE " + where, false));
var e = statement.getWhere().orElseThrow().getExpr();
System.out.println(dialect + " " + where + " -> " + shape(e));
System.out.println("Federation: " +
ExpressionConverter.convert(e).orElseThrow());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
test("MySQL", "1 + 2 * 3 = 7");
test("MySQL", "4 | 1 & 2 = 4");
test("SQLServer", "1 + 2 * 3 = 9");
}
}
```
Observed on 2026-10-16: the MySQL ASTs group `((1 + 2) * 3) = 7` and `((4 |
1) & 2) = 4`; the SQL Server AST groups `((1 + 2) * 3) = 9`.
[MySQL](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/operator-precedence.html) and
[SQL
Server](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/language-elements/operator-precedence-transact-sql)
require multiplication before addition. MySQL also requires `&` before `|`.
The MySQL arithmetic Federation node retains explicit wrong grouping. For the
bitwise case, the MySQL AST records the wrong grouping while the printed
Federation SQL drops explicit parentheses.
The released [MySQL
grammar](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/5.5.3/parser/sql/engine/dialect/mysql/src/main/antlr4/imports/mysql/BaseRule.g4#L390-L455)
and [SQL Server
grammar](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/blob/5.5.3/parser/sql/engine/dialect/sqlserver/src/main/antlr4/imports/sqlserver/BaseRule.g4#L275-L286)
put these alternatives in the wrong order. This is distinct from the OR/XOR
grammar case and [PR
#39744](https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/pull/39744).
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