wu-sheng commented on code in PR #10157:
URL: https://github.com/apache/skywalking/pull/10157#discussion_r1048582072


##########
oap-server/server-core/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/core/storage/StorageID.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+package org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.core.storage;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.core.Const;
+import org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.library.util.StringUtil;
+
+/**
+ * StorageID represents an identification for the metric or the record.
+ * Typically, an ID is composited by two parts
+ * 1. Time bucket based on downsampling.
+ * 2. The encoded entity ID, such as Service ID.
+ *
+ * In the SQL database and ElasticSearch, the string ID is preferred.
+ * In the BanyanDB, time series and entity ID(series ID) would be treated 
separately.
+ *
+ * @since 9.4.0 StorageID replaced the `string id()` method in the 
StorageData. An object-oriented ID provides a more
+ * friendly interface for various database implementation.
+ */
+@EqualsAndHashCode(of = {
+    "fragments"
+})
+public class StorageID {
+    private final List<Fragment> fragments;
+    /**
+     * Once the storage ID was {@link #build()} or {@link #read()},
+     * this object would switch to the sealed status, no more append is 
allowed.
+     */
+    private boolean sealed = false;
+
+    public StorageID() {
+        fragments = new ArrayList<>(2);
+    }
+
+    public StorageID append(String name, String value) {
+        if (StringUtil.isBlank(name)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The name of storage ID should 
not be null or empty.");
+        }
+        if (sealed) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The storage ID is sealed. Can't 
append a new fragment, name=" + name);
+        }
+        fragments.add(new Fragment(name, String.class, false, value));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public StorageID append(String name, long value) {
+        if (StringUtil.isBlank(name)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The name of storage ID should 
not be null or empty.");
+        }
+        if (sealed) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The storage ID is sealed. Can't 
append a new fragment, name=" + name);
+        }
+        fragments.add(new Fragment(name, Long.class, false, value));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public StorageID append(String name, int value) {
+        if (StringUtil.isBlank(name)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The name of storage ID should 
not be null or empty.");
+        }
+        if (sealed) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The storage ID is sealed. Can't 
append a new fragment, name=" + name);
+        }
+        fragments.add(new Fragment(name, Integer.class, false, value));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public StorageID appendMutant(String source, long value) {
+        if (sealed) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The storage ID is sealed. Can't 
append a new fragment, source=" + source);
+        }
+        fragments.add(new Fragment(source, Long.class, true, value));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public StorageID appendMutant(final String source, final String value) {
+        if (sealed) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("The storage ID is sealed. Can't 
append a new fragment, source=" + source);
+        }
+        fragments.add(new Fragment(source, String.class, true, value));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the string ID concatenating the values of {@link #fragments} by 
the underline(_).
+     */
+    public String build() {
+        sealed = true;
+        return Joiner.on(Const.ID_CONNECTOR).join(fragments);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return a read-only list to avoid unexpected change for metric ID.
+     */
+    public List<Fragment> read() {
+        sealed = true;
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(fragments);
+    }
+
+    @RequiredArgsConstructor
+    @Getter
+    @EqualsAndHashCode(of = {
+        "name",
+        "value"
+    })
+    public static class Fragment {
+        /**
+         * The column name of the value, or the original column name of the 
mutate value.
+         * This could be null if {@link #mutate} is true and no relative 
column, such as the original value is not in
+         * the persistence.
+         */
+        private final String name;
+        /**
+         * Represent the class type of the {@link #value}.
+         */
+        private final Class<?> type;
+        /**
+         * If true, the field was from {@link #name}, and value is changed by 
internal rules.
+         * Such as time bucket downsampling, use a day-level time-bucket to 
build the ID for a minute dimension metric.
+         */
+        private final boolean mutate;
+        private final Object value;

Review Comment:
   @hanahmily @lujiajing1126 You would need this when you try to build BanyanDB 
series ID without string ID.
   
   Notice, we should check whether there is conflict(s) between series IDs and 
fragments.



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