kezhenxu94 opened a new pull request, #13957:
URL: https://github.com/apache/skywalking/pull/13957
### Fix the issue
Adds support for running SkyWalking OAP against **Elasticsearch 9.x** as
storage.
### Why
The in-tree ES client (`library-elasticsearch-client`) selects its request
factory / codec per server version in `ElasticSearchVersion`. The ceiling was
`major == 8`, so any server reporting major version 9 fell through to
`UnsupportedOperationException("Unsupported version")` and OAP refused to start
against an Elasticsearch 9 cluster.
ES 9 keeps the same REST surface the ES 8 path already relies on — typeless
document writes (`POST /{index}/_update/{id}`) and composable index templates
(`PUT /_index_template/{name}`) — so no new factory or codec is needed; the
version gate just needs to admit major >= 8. This mirrors how OpenSearch is
already handled version-agnostically.
### What changed
- `ElasticSearchVersion`: `if (major == 8)` → `if (major >= 8)` for the
ElasticSearch distribution (8.x, 9.x and later use the existing typeless-doc +
composable-template path).
- `ElasticSearchIT`: add an `ElasticSearch 9.3.0` parameter (all IT methods
run against a real ES 9 container).
- CI `skywalking.yaml`: add a `Storage ES 9.3.0` e2e case alongside the
existing `8.18.8`.
- Docs: storage doc supported-versions line now lists ElasticSearch 9.x;
changelog entry added.
Verified locally against a real `elasticsearch:9.3.0` container: version
detection, composable index template, typeless index/get/update/delete, and
search all behave as expected.
- [x] Update the [`CHANGES`
log](https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/master/docs/en/changes/changes.md).
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