dosubot[bot] commented on issue #40903:
URL: https://github.com/apache/superset/issues/40903#issuecomment-4659527397

   <!-- Answer -->
   This looks like a race condition introduced by the combination of two recent 
PRs:
   
   1. **[PR #40194](https://github.com/apache/superset/pull/40194)** (merged 
May 18) — added dynamic `connect` event listeners on engines to execute 
prequeries (e.g., `SET search_path`). These listeners are registered 
per-request and removed in a `finally` block .
   
   2. **[PR #40237](https://github.com/apache/superset/pull/40237)** (merged 
May 30) — introduced process-wide SQLAlchemy engine caching so the same 
`Engine` instance is returned to multiple threads .
   
   The problem: when multiple threads share a cached engine, one thread can 
call `sqla.event.listen(engine, "connect", ...)` or `sqla.event.remove(engine, 
"connect", ...)` while another thread is iterating over `self.listeners` inside 
SQLAlchemy's `_exec_w_sync_on_first_run` during `raw_connection()`. That 
mutates the underlying deque mid-iteration → `RuntimeError: deque mutated 
during iteration`.
   
   The cache access itself is protected by `_ENGINE_CACHE_LOCK`, but the event 
listener registration/removal is **not** under the same (or any) lock .
   
   **Possible workarounds until a fix lands:**
   
   - Revert PR #40237 (engine caching) to confirm it's the culprit and 
eliminate the error.
   - Or set `SQLALCHEMY_POOL_SIZE = 0` / use `NullPool` for the target database 
to reduce concurrent connection creation contention.
   
   A proper fix would likely involve either synchronizing listener add/remove 
with a lock, or registering prequery listeners once at engine-creation time 
(inside the cache-miss path) instead of dynamically per-request.
   
   
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