This:
\defineblock[question]
\defineblock[answer]
\defineenumeration[question][text={Question}]
\defineenumeration[answer] [text={Answer}]
\keepblocks[question]
\hideblocks[answer]
\def\mynewcommand{\dosingleempty\doMyNewCommand}
\def\doMyNewCommand[#1]#2{%
\iffirstargument
\beginquestion
\startquestion #2%
\stopquestion
\endquestion
\beginanswer \startanswer #1%
\stopanswer \endanswer
\else
\beginquestion
\startquestion #2%
\stopquestion
\endquestion
\incrementcounter[answer]
\fi
}
\starttext
\chapter{Question}
\beginquestion
\startquestion
Question 1.
\stopquestion
\endquestion
\beginanswer
\startanswer
Answer 1.
\stopanswer
\endanswer
\beginquestion
\startquestion
Question 2.
\stopquestion
\endquestion
\beginanswer
\incrementcounter[answer]
\endanswer
\beginquestion
\startquestion
Question 3.
\stopquestion
\endquestion
\beginanswer
\startanswer
Answer 3.
\stopanswer
\endanswer
\mynewcommand{Question 5}
\mynewcommand[Resposta 6]{Question 6}
\chapter{Answers}
\useblocks[answer]
\stoptext
does not work
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