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Nu prea relevant la Romania, dar poate interesant
la cineva
1. Extract from Critical Hour
Chapter IV The 1960s: The Bandwagon Market In December 1963 Jersey Control Power and Light
Company purchased, without
federal subsidies, a 5l5 MW BWR to be built on Oyster Creek, New Jersey. The 515 MW capacity was more than double that of Dresden 1 (200 MW) and Yankee-Rowe (175 MW) and almost double that of Indian Point (265 MW). General Electric sold the reactor below cost, in order to demonstrate that nuclear power could compete economically with coal. GE lost an estimated $30 million on the contract, but the agreement was the turning point in the nuclear manufacturersÂ’ struggle to gain acceptance by utilities [Ford 1986, pp. 62-63]. General Electric and Westinghouse sold a total of thirteen reactors at cost. They and other reactor manufacturers also began offering fixed price contracts (subject to increase only due to inflation) and turnkey contracts (under which the companies provided complete ready-to-operate power plants rather than simply reactors). [Makhijani and Saleska 1996, pp. 69-70]. The price cutting by industry substituted for the previous government subsidies (except for the Price Anderson Act, still in effect today).
From being a piece of history, the
nuclear industry - a fading dinosaur that has wasted billions and left a toxic
legacy that will cost billions more - is pushing itself back into the headlines,
rebranded as the only source of the cheap, secure and clean energy demanded by
modern Britain. The real "green" alternative ...
In briefings around the City, the energy companies have been scaring the captains of British industry silly with warnings of how half Britain's generating capacity - coal as well as nuclear - will have to shut down by 2020. http://www.newstatesman.co.uk/nscoverstory.htm 3. extract from Nuclear Power - Myth and Reality The risks and prospects of nuclear power By Gerd Rosenkranz (page 33) Since construction officially began in August of 2005, the international nuclear community has viewed the Olkiluoto 3 project as proof that nuclear energy is a good investment again, even in a deregulated electricity market. This position should be viewed with scepticism though since it is unlikely that this type of reactor would have had a chance under normal competitive conditions. Funding was made possible by an agreement that compensated the (approximately) 60 shareholders, mainly electrical utilities, by guaranteeing that the electricity generated by the reactor would be sold at comparatively high prices. TVO and Framatome ANP also agreed on a fixed price for the finished reactor - "ready for use" - of 3.2 billion euros. This type of contract, as attractive as it is unusual for the purchaser, was made possible because Framatome ANP needed a construction permit at literally any price after more than a decade of development work on the EPR. Even before the first ground was broken, it was clear that the Areva/Siemens manufacturing consortium had made extremely tight calculations in order to boost their prototype reactor ahead of nuclear as well as fossil fuel competitors. Half a century after entering commercial markets,
fuelled by subsidies in the billions, it still requires and
receives state support for every new project - precisely as if it needed assistance to enter the market for the first time. Astonishingly, this extraordinary practice is also advocated and demanded by those politicians who otherwise loudly insist on "more market conditions" in the energy sector. In many industrial countries, these very same politicians produce market theory arguments to campaign against subsidising the launch of renewable energy from solar, wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal sources. __._,_.___http://www.nuclearinfo.ro Va e mai usor sa unsubscribeti de pe acest grup decat sa scapati de efectele unui prost management in domeniul nuclear!:-) Pentru legislatie si alte informatii utile, vizitati site-ul
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