Hi Jeff,

I am torn about your draft:
https://identitymonk.github.io/draft-lombardo-oauth-client-extension-claims/draft-lombardo-oauth-client-extension-claims.html

Providing that information to the RS allows the RS to validate the decisions 
the AS made before granting the access token. That is good and bad. Bad because 
the RS is questioning the AS and can reject a valid access token if it does not 
agree with new claims. I want that the RS trusts the AS and I want that the 
client can rely on that a valid access token is accepted. Good because RSses 
that are somewhat loosely coupled with the AS can keep track of what lead to 
the access token being created.

I assume it was not the intention of the draft that RSes can reject valid 
access tokens, but I fear that is going to happen. What would be error? Maybe 
"HTTP 500 Internal Error" if we see the RS and AS as one system which do not 
agree on something?

Maybe the new claims should be part of the token introspection endpoint 
response?
That would allow the RS to get to the information, but we do not have to ship 
it in every access token.
The RS could still reject an access token but maybe they are more reluctant to 
do an extra request to the token introspection endpoint which increases the 
latency of the API response. Maybe the RS would do this auditing only from time 
to time like every 1/10000 request and then send a security event token to the 
AS...

Sorry, I did not provide feedback to the feedback the WG gave.
Regarding what subcomponents know, should know and might reject, ...
It's complicated. "My" RS send requests to several subcomponents that are 
sometimes in different jurisdictions and operate on a different legal basis. In 
general, I want to clarify before we go live what clients are accepted by 
business, the legal basis for using the API, privacy - GDPR and local laws -, 
etc and I do not want the RS or its subcomponents to question the AS after we 
are in production.

have fun
Axel

DMs welcome





From: Lombardo, Jeff <[email protected]>
Date: Monday, 2. February 2026 at 15:17
To: Nennker, Axel <[email protected]>, 
reply+aanemb3vnwtdtwwiasng5ndj6pcapevbnhhof6d...@reply.github.com 
<reply+aanemb3vnwtdtwwiasng5ndj6pcapevbnhhof6d...@reply.github.com>, 
[email protected] <[email protected]>
Cc: Lombardo, Jeff <[email protected]>
Subject: RE: [OAUTH-WG] RAR examples not using "typ" 
oauth-wg/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis

Hi Alex,

Glad to see you here!

commenting on the second part, signaling  the grant type and extensions used as 
part of a token issuance, I initially proposed this as a personal Draft to 
Madrid:
https://github.com/identitymonk/draft-lombardo-oauth-client-extension-claims 
following a presentation Alex Babeanu and I made at OSW: 
https://youtu.be/9683Ds9GldY

We had a debate as:

  *   The header might be available to all the sub-components exercising the 
access control at a RS while the payload is
  *   Surcharging the jwt typ header value with a lot prefixes might lead to a 
confused deputy situation depending on the order of the values, at least it 
would require a draft to specify the order to make sure everyone got it right.

The feedback was:

  *   don’t use claim that are already used by the market, this is not a Pro, 
this is a Con to the proposal as it will have replying effects – This should be 
an easy fix
  *   consider Vector of Trust as way to carry information
     *   I am still torn onto that VoT passes reference values that need to be 
mapped on both sides not necessarily specification related values that have a 
clear meaning

Happy to follow-up discussions in DM to resume the proposal if any interest.

Jeff
Jean-François “Jeff” Lombardo | Amazon Web Services

Architecte Principal de Solutions, Spécialiste de Sécurité
Principal Solution Architect, Security Specialist
Montréal, Canada

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From: [email protected] 
<[email protected]>
Sent: February 1, 2026 9:14 AM
To: reply+aanemb3vnwtdtwwiasng5ndj6pcapevbnhhof6d...@reply.github.com; 
[email protected]
Subject: [EXT] [OAUTH-WG] RAR examples not using "typ" 
oauth-wg/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis


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Hi,

draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis recommends strong typing of JWT but currently none 
of the examples use "typ".

I think that 
https://drafts.oauth.net/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis.html#section-5
should update all examples in
"OAuth 2.0 Pushed Authorization Requests" 
[RFC9126<https://drafts.oauth.net/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis.html#RFC9126>]

E.g.:
eyJraWQiOiJrMmJkYyIsImFsZyI6IlJTMjU2In0.eyJpc3MiOiJzNkJoZFJrcXQzIiwic3ViIjoiczZCaGRSa3F0MyIsImF1ZCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vc2VydmVyLmV4YW1wbGUuY29tIiwiZXhwIjoxNjI1ODY5Njc3fQ.te4IdnP_DK4hWrhTWA6fyhy3fxlAQZAhfA4lmzRdpoP5uZb-E90R5YxzN1YDA8mnVdpgj_Bx1lG5r6sef5TlckApA3hahhC804dcqlE4naEmLISmN1pds2WxTMOUzZY8aKKSDzNTDqhyTgE-KdTb3RafRj7tdZb09zWs7c_moOvfVcQIoy5zz1BvLQKW1Y8JsYvdpu2AvpxRPbcP8WyeW9B6PL6_fy3pXYKG3e-qUcvPa9kan-mo9EoSgt-YTDQjK1nZMdXIqTluK9caVJERWW0fD1Y11_tlOcJn-ya7v7d8YmFyJpkhZfm8x1FoeH0djEicXTixEkdRuzsgUCm6GQ
Uses
{
  "kid": "k2bdc",
  "alg": "RS256"
}
I think there should be the now recommended typ value.
Examples are only examples and not normative, but I think examples should 
follow security recommendations.

Another topic, wouldn't it be better to have more types instead of one for 
client authentication?
Something like rar_client_authn+jwt for rar, and ciba_client_authn+jwt for CIBA 
and … Doesn't hurt because servers and clients are recommended to adapt current 
implementations anyway, right?

Kind regards
Axel


From: Michael B. Jones <[email protected]>
Date: Saturday, 31. January 2026 at 23:05
To: oauth-wg/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis 
<[email protected]>
Cc: Nennker, Axel <[email protected]>, Author <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [oauth-wg/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis] tradeoffs between using 
issuer and specific endpoint urls (PR #24)

@selfissued commented on this pull request.

________________________________

In 
draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis.xml<https://github.com/oauth-wg/draft-ietf-oauth-rfc7523bis/pull/24#discussion_r2750097587>:

> +                      or its token endpoint URL. Using the specific token 
> endpoint URL provides

+                        stronger endpoint binding and is RECOMMENDED when the 
endpoint URL is

+                        configured from a trusted, out-of-band source. Using 
the issuer identifier

+                        allows greater flexibility at the cost of reduced 
endpoint-specific binding.

As @PedramHD<https://github.com/PedramHD> wrote in his initial description of 
the attack, "a malicious OP could specify token endpoints of other OPs, thus, 
obtaining private key JWTs created by an RP that it could use at those OPs." 
This is the core of what enables the attack: Attackers can specify that the 
audience be the token endpoint of the legitimate site being attacked.

The use of endpoint URLs as audience values do not stop the attack. The use of 
validated issuer URLs do.

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