hmm supply limited, gas price might surge. but kalo gas abis,
perusahaan yg berhubungan dgn gas bakalan apa yg mau di dagangin lagi??
--- In obrolan-bandar@yahoogroups.com, "jsx_consultant"
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> Indonesia's LNG Supremacy Wanes as Chevron's Fields Run Short
> Aug. 9 (Bloomberg) -- Indonesia may lose its dominance of the world's
> liquefied natural gas market because fields operated by producers
> such as Chevron Corp. are running out of gas faster than expected.
>
> San Ramon, California-based Chevron, which supplies gas to the
> world's largest liquefaction plant on the Indonesian part of Borneo
> Island, told Indonesia's government on July 17 there isn't enough gas
> to meet commitments to customers in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan.
> Indonesia's LNG sales will fall 19 percent this year, according to
> government shipment plans.
>
> Indonesia, the world's top LNG supplier for three decades, is failing
> to find new supplies of gas just as prices and demand for the cleaner-
> burning fuel have surged to records. Buyers such as Osaka Gas Co. are
> seeking supplies from countries such as Qatar, cutting revenue for
> Southeast Asia's most populous nation and denting the government's
> efforts to curb a budget deficit.
>
> ``If we can't attract investment in the gas industry for new
> reserves, then there will be a decline as a major global supplier,''
> Anton Gunawan, an economist for Citibank in Jakarta, said by
> telephone Aug. 3. ``There will be a reduction in the foreign exchange
> reserves.''
>
> Indonesia started exporting LNG in 1977. It shipped 23 million tons
> in 2005, more than Malaysia's 20.8 million or Qatar's 19.8 million,
> according to figures from London-based BP Plc, the world's second-
> largest publicly traded oil company.
>
> Indonesia will probably fall to third place next year based on its
> plans to cut cargoes. LNG is natural gas that has been cooled to
> liquid form for transportation by ship to markets beyond the reach of
> pipelines. Import terminals return the LNG to gas form so that it can
> be sent through pipelines to customers such as factories, power
> stations and households.
>
> Russia, Australia
>
> Utilities in Japan, the world's second-largest economy, are turning
> to other markets for their future LNG needs.
>
> Tokyo Electric Power Co. and Tokyo Gas Co., Japan's largest power and
> gas suppliers, have signed up for LNG from Royal Dutch Shell Plc's
> Sakhalin project in Russia to diversify supplies. Osaka Gas, Japan's
> second-biggest gas distributor, is in talks with Tokyo-based oil and
> gas producer Inpex Corp. about joining a $6 billion liquefied natural
> gas project in Australia.
>
> Japan buys 40 percent of the world's LNG and depends on Indonesia for
> a quarter of its LNG imports, according to Japan's Ministry of
> Finance. The gas is part of a strategy to reduce the country's
> reliance on Middle East oil.
>
> Local Political Pressure
>
> ``The Japanese must be pretty worried about what's happening in
> Indonesia,'' Andy Flower, a former BP executive who now works as an
> independent LNG consultant, said in a July 20 phone interview from
> Surrey, England. ``There's no way they can renew the contracts and
> fill the pipe.''
>
> Calls from politicians including Vice President Jusuf Kalla to divert
> Borneo gas to other parts of Indonesia have fanned concern about the
> country's reliability as a supplier.
>
> A contract to supply 12 million metric tons a year to Japan may not
> be renewed when it expires in 2010 because gas production are being
> earmarked for delivery to Java by pipeline, Energy Minister Purnomo
> Yusgiantoro said in February.
>
> Buyers are ``already outraged by our failure to meet commitments,''
> Ari Soemarno, the head of the state oil company, PT Pertamina, which
> negotiates Indonesia's LNG sales contracts, said. ``We're still
> studying the impact of Chevron's statement.''
>
> While buyers are seeking alternatives, suppliers in Indonesia such as
> Chevron have become reluctant to invest in fields that may have to
> supply markets in Java at lower prices than Japan, Indonesian
> Petroleum Association Chairman Christopher B. Newton said in an
> interview in Jakarta, Indonesia's capital.
>
> Unocal Acquisition
>
> All export contracts from the Borneo plant at Bontang, known as PT
> Badak NGL, are up for renewal between 2009 and 2011.
>
> Chevron acquired 247 billion cubic feet of gas in Indonesia, or 1.2
> percent of its global gas reserves, when it paid $17.8 billion for
> rival U.S. producer Unocal Corp. last year, creating the world's
> fourth-largest publicly traded oil company.
>
> ``Unocal's reserves were a bit overstated,'' Kardaya Warnika,
> chairman of Indonesia's oil and gas regulator BPMigas, said in a
> phone interview on July 28. ``I don't know whether Chevron knew about
> it before the takeover.''
>
> Chevron informed BPMigas that reserves in a drilling area known as
> Makassar are insufficient to meet a supply contract to customers in
> Japan, Chevron spokeswoman Nicole Hodgson said on July 27. Under
> supply contracts, the regulator will seek additional gas from other
> producers.
>
> Total, Vico
>
> ``We've already reduced our reserves in the books over previous
> years,'' Hodgson said. ``But the deficiency in the Makassar
> production sharing contract only became more apparent in recent
> times,'' she said, declining to give details.
>
> The Borneo plant is also supplied by fields operated by Paris-based
> Total SA and Vico Indonesia, a joint venture between BP and Italy's
> Eni SpA. Chevron and Vico have both failed to meet production targets
> over the past two years.
>
> ``Total won't be able to compensate for the loss from Chevron,'' said
> Ananda Idris, a spokesman for Total's Indonesian unit. Total is
> producing 2.6 billion cubic feet a day, more than the 2.5 billion
> cubic feet it's contracted to supply, Idris said. Vicky Aziz, Vico's
> vice president of human resources and services, declined to comment
> on Chevron's announcement.
>
> Chevron is currently supplying 211 million cubic feet a day of gas to
> Bontang, Hodgson said. That's about half of the 400 million cubic
> feet a day the company is contracted to produce, according to
> regulator BPMigas.
>
> State oil company Pertamina has negotiated agreements with customers
> to reduce Bontang shipments this year to 300 cargoes, or about 16.5
> million metric tons, from an original commitment of 370 cargoes, or
> 20.4 million tons, Soemarno said on June 29.
>
> ``We may not be able to secure the same quantity from Indonesia after
> the current contracts expire,'' said Katsuhiko Takahashi, a spokesman
> for Kansai Electric, which buys 3.5 million tons a year from
> Pertamina. ``We will ensure the supplies from other countries such as
> Australia.''
>
>
>
> To contact the reporters on this story:
> Grace Nirang in Jakarta at [EMAIL PROTECTED];
> Christian Schmollinger in Singapore at
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Last Updated: August 8, 2006 19:15 EDT
>
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