We could say that physicians _infer_ diagnostic hypotheses based on
- knowledge of the tentative underlying disease,
- the patients subjective experiences
- phenomena registered in the patients body

Phrases such as  "cannot be exluded" might be due to", "probably", 
"definitely", "beyond doubt"  are statements of probability of the 
inferrence being correct (and what to do next).

Can one say that diagnoses belong to the class of statements whereas 
the disease itself belong to the class of natural phenomena?

The diagnosis establishes a relation between the subjective experiences 
/ phenomena and the disease that induces those symptoms and findings.
Example:
Experiences and phenomena: Pain in the wrist joints, feeling of joint 
stiffness, joint tenderness, joint swelling, elevated sedimentation 
rate.
Diagnostic inferrence:  Rheumatoid arthritis.
Relation: Might be induced by/due to

Can statements of probability be considered statements regarding the 
strength of these relations??

Comments on this?

regards,

Arild Faxvaag

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