thanks for the reply. so that can i say that "if a certificate is self signed, 
then it is a root certificate." how do i know a certificate is self signed?

another question is that, for example, if i want to use a self-signed 
certificate as my server certificate, so that during the ssl handshake phase, 
this self-signed certificate is going to be sent from the server to the client. 
to verify this self-signed certificate, what the client is suppose to do? to be 
specific, do i have to independently  distribute this self-signed certicate to 
the client before the ssl handshake? 

thanks.

chong peng

-----Original Message-----
From: Bernhard Froehlich [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Saturday, October 14, 2006 1:10 PM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: a simple ca question


Chong Peng wrote:
> guys:
>
> how to tell a root certificate from a non-root certificate? i sthere a field 
> in x509 structure for us to tell? thanks.
>   
Root certificates are self signed, that is the issuer equals the subject 
in the certificate.

Hope it helps,
Ted
;)

-- 
PGP Public Key Information
Download complete Key from http://www.convey.de/ted/tedkey_convey.asc
Key fingerprint = 31B0 E029 BCF9 6605 DAC1  B2E1 0CC8 70F4 7AFB 8D26

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