http://rudd-o.com/archives/2007/10/02/tales-from-responsivenessland-why-linux-feels-slow-and-how-to-fix-that/

You'll want to read the whole article but here is the condensed version:

Swappiness is the name Linux kernel developers gave to the preference
between paging applicatios out to disk and (in practice) shrinking caches.
If it’s close to 0, Linux will prefer to keep applications in RAM and not
grow the caches. If it’s close to 100, Linux will prefer to swap
applications out, and enlarge the caches as much as possible.

OK, let’s tune swappiness.  In a console as root, run:


sysctl -w vm.swappiness=1



To make the change permanent, write
vm.swappiness=1
on your /etc/sysctl.conf file.

Also,

We’ve already established that the filesystem cache is important because,
without it, file browsing goes extremely slowly as well. Now we’ll learn
how to tell Linux that we want it to prefer inode/dentry cache to other
caches.   In a root console run:


sysctl -w vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50

To make the change permanent, put
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50
on your /etc/sysctl.conf file.

Please experiment with this value. Values close to 100 provide no gain.
Values close to zero can cause huge swap activity during big filesystem
scans.
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