How Oracle Works

The following example describes the most basic level of operations 
that Oracle performs. This illustrates an Oracle configuration where 
the user and associated server process are on separate computers 
(connected through a network).

An instance <glossary.htm> has started on the computer running Oracle 
(often called the host or database server).

A computer running an application (a local computer or client 
workstation) runs the application in a user process <glossary.htm>. 
The client application attempts to establish a connection 
<glossary.htm> to the server using the proper Oracle Net Services 
driver.

The server is running the proper Oracle Net Services driver. The 
server detects the connection request from the application and 
creates a dedicated server process on behalf of the user process.

The user runs a SQL statement and commits the transaction. For 
example, the user changes a name in a row of a table.

The server process receives the statement and checks the shared pool 
<glossary.htm> for any shared SQL area that contains a similar SQL 
statement. If a shared SQL area is found, then the server process 
checks the user's access privileges to the requested data, and the 
previously existing shared SQL area is used to process the statement. 
If not, then a new shared SQL area is allocated for the statement, so 
it can be parsed and processed.

The server process retrieves any necessary data values from the 
actual datafile (table) or those stored in the SGA.

The server process modifies data in the system global area. The DBWn 
process writes modified blocks permanently to disk when doing so is 
efficient. Because the transaction is committed, the LGWR process 
immediately records the transaction in the redo log file.

If the transaction is successful, then the server process sends a 
message across the network to the application. If it is not 
successful, then an error message is transmitted.

Throughout this entire procedure, the other background processes run, 
watching for conditions that require intervention. In addition, the 
database server manages other users' transactions and prevents 
contention between transactions that request the same data.

See Also: Chapter 9, "Process Architecture" <process.htm> for more 
information about Oracle configuration





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