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Hi Robert,
Attached is the osgparticleeffects_modified.cpp, which gives me a runtime
error "pure virtual function call". My modification is marked by comment "//
Sinisa:". This error does not occur when the modification is commented
out.
This I tested against the prebuilt binaries of OSG 1.2 (OSG version built
from source that I have is 1.0), so I was unable to see the calls happening
underneath the clone() operation (but a breakpoint in debug build of
osgparticleeffects_modified.cpp confirmed the problem is somewhere in clone()
and exists for all types of effects).
Furthermore, I attach two ~30-line files, in one of which I reproduce the
problem without OSG:
RunTimeError.cpp (pure virtual function call)
The other file is a bit simpler and linker complains:
LinkTimeError.cpp (unresolved external symbol
Class1::f())
So I am confused, is this something specific to MSVS 2003 that I use? I
hope it's not me wasting your time (and mine) :)
Thanks for any help,
Sinisa
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class Class1
{
public:
Class1() { ; }
Class1(const Class1& c)
{
f();
}
virtual void f() { g(); }
virtual void g() = 0;
};
class Class2: public Class1
{
public:
Class2(): Class1() { ; }
Class2(const Class2& c): Class1(c) { ; }
virtual void f() { return; }
virtual void g() { return; }
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
Class2 obj;
Class2 obj2 = obj;
return 0;
}
class Class1
{
public:
Class1() { ; }
Class1(const Class1& c)
{
f();
}
virtual void f() = 0;
};
class Class2: public Class1
{
public:
Class2(): Class1() { ; }
Class2(const Class2& c): Class1(c) { ; }
virtual void f() { return; }
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
Class2 obj;
Class2 obj2 = obj;
return 0;
}
#include <osgProducer/Viewer>
#include <osg/Group>
#include <osg/Geode>
#include <osg/ShapeDrawable>
#include <osg/Texture2D>
#include <osg/PositionAttitudeTransform>
#include <osg/MatrixTransform>
#include <osg/io_utils>
#include <osgUtil/Optimizer>
#include <osgDB/ReadFile>
#include <osgText/Text>
#include <osgParticle/ExplosionEffect>
#include <osgParticle/ExplosionDebrisEffect>
#include <osgParticle/SmokeEffect>
#include <osgParticle/SmokeTrailEffect>
#include <osgParticle/FireEffect>
// for the grid data..
#include "../osghangglide/terrain_coords.h"
osg::Vec3 wind(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
osg::AnimationPath* createAnimationPath(const osg::Vec3& center,float
radius,double looptime)
{
// set up the animation path
osg::AnimationPath* animationPath = new osg::AnimationPath;
animationPath->setLoopMode(osg::AnimationPath::LOOP);
int numSamples = 40;
float yaw = 0.0f;
float yaw_delta = 2.0f*osg::PI/((float)numSamples-1.0f);
float roll = osg::inDegrees(30.0f);
double time=0.0f;
double time_delta = looptime/(double)numSamples;
for(int i=0;i<numSamples;++i)
{
osg::Vec3
position(center+osg::Vec3(sinf(yaw)*radius,cosf(yaw)*radius,0.0f));
osg::Quat
rotation(osg::Quat(roll,osg::Vec3(0.0,1.0,0.0))*osg::Quat(-(yaw+osg::inDegrees(90.0f)),osg::Vec3(0.0,0.0,1.0)));
animationPath->insert(time,osg::AnimationPath::ControlPoint(position,rotation));
yaw += yaw_delta;
time += time_delta;
}
return animationPath;
}
osg::Node* createMovingModel(const osg::Vec3& center, float radius)
{
float animationLength = 10.0f;
osg::AnimationPath* animationPath =
createAnimationPath(center,radius,animationLength);
osg::Group* model = new osg::Group;
osg::Node* glider = osgDB::readNodeFile("glider.osg");
if (glider)
{
const osg::BoundingSphere& bs = glider->getBound();
float size = radius/bs.radius()*0.15f;
osg::MatrixTransform* positioned = new osg::MatrixTransform;
positioned->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
positioned->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(-bs.center())*
osg::Matrix::scale(size,size,size)*
osg::Matrix::rotate(osg::inDegrees(-90.0f),0.0f,0.0f,1.0f));
positioned->addChild(glider);
osg::PositionAttitudeTransform* xform = new
osg::PositionAttitudeTransform;
xform->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_NORMALIZE,
osg::StateAttribute::ON);
xform->setUpdateCallback(new
osg::AnimationPathCallback(animationPath,0.0,0.5));
xform->addChild(positioned);
model->addChild(xform);
}
osg::Node* cessna = osgDB::readNodeFile("cessna.osg");
if (cessna)
{
const osg::BoundingSphere& bs = cessna->getBound();
float size = radius/bs.radius()*0.15f;
osg::MatrixTransform* positioned = new osg::MatrixTransform;
positioned->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_NORMALIZE,
osg::StateAttribute::ON);
positioned->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
positioned->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(-bs.center())*
osg::Matrix::scale(size,size,size)*
osg::Matrix::rotate(osg::inDegrees(180.0f),0.0f,0.0f,1.0f));
//positioned->addChild(cessna);
positioned->addChild(cessna);
osg::MatrixTransform* xform = new osg::MatrixTransform;
xform->setUpdateCallback(new
osg::AnimationPathCallback(animationPath,0.0f,1.0));
xform->addChild(positioned);
model->addChild(xform);
}
return model;
}
osg::Vec3 computeTerrainIntersection(osg::Node* subgraph,float x,float y)
{
osgUtil::IntersectVisitor iv;
osg::ref_ptr<osg::LineSegment> segDown = new osg::LineSegment;
const osg::BoundingSphere& bs = subgraph->getBound();
float zMax = bs.center().z()+bs.radius();
float zMin = bs.center().z()-bs.radius();
segDown->set(osg::Vec3(x,y,zMin),osg::Vec3(x,y,zMax));
iv.addLineSegment(segDown.get());
subgraph->accept(iv);
if (iv.hits())
{
osgUtil::IntersectVisitor::HitList& hitList =
iv.getHitList(segDown.get());
if (!hitList.empty())
{
osg::Vec3 ip = hitList.front().getWorldIntersectPoint();
return ip;
}
}
return osg::Vec3(x,y,0.0f);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// MAIN SCENE GRAPH BUILDING FUNCTION
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void build_world(osg::Group *root)
{
osg::Geode* terrainGeode = new osg::Geode;
// create terrain
{
osg::StateSet* stateset = new osg::StateSet();
osg::Image* image = osgDB::readImageFile("Images/lz.rgb");
if (image)
{
osg::Texture2D* texture = new osg::Texture2D;
texture->setImage(image);
stateset->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0,texture,osg::StateAttribute::ON);
}
terrainGeode->setStateSet( stateset );
float size = 1000; // 10km;
float scale = size/39.0f; // 10km;
float z_scale = scale*3.0f;
osg::HeightField* grid = new osg::HeightField;
grid->allocate(38,39);
grid->setXInterval(scale);
grid->setYInterval(scale);
for(unsigned int r=0;r<39;++r)
{
for(unsigned int c=0;c<38;++c)
{
grid->setHeight(c,r,z_scale*vertex[r+c*39][2]);
}
}
terrainGeode->addDrawable(new osg::ShapeDrawable(grid));
root->addChild(terrainGeode);
}
// create particle effects
{
osg::Vec3 position =
computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,100.0f,100.0f);
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect* explosion = new
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect(position, 10.0f);
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect* explosionDebri = new
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect(position, 10.0f);
osgParticle::SmokeEffect* smoke = new
osgParticle::SmokeEffect(position, 10.0f);
osgParticle::FireEffect* fire = new osgParticle::FireEffect(position,
10.0f);
explosion->setWind(wind);
explosionDebri->setWind(wind);
smoke->setWind(wind);
fire->setWind(wind);
root->addChild(explosion);
root->addChild(explosionDebri);
root->addChild(smoke);
root->addChild(fire);
}
// create particle effects
{
osg::Vec3 position =
computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,200.0f,100.0f);
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect* explosion = new
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect(position, 1.0f);
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect* explosionDebri = new
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect(position, 1.0f);
osgParticle::SmokeEffect* smoke = new
osgParticle::SmokeEffect(position, 1.0f);
osgParticle::FireEffect* fire = new osgParticle::FireEffect(position,
1.0f);
// Sinisa: Trying to clone any of the effects.
{
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect* pClone =
dynamic_cast<osgParticle::ExplosionEffect*>(
explosion->clone(osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL));
std::cout<<pClone<<std::endl;
}
/* {
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect* pClone =
dynamic_cast<osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect*>(
explosionDebri->clone(osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL));
std::cout<<pClone<<std::endl;
}
{
osgParticle::SmokeEffect* pClone =
dynamic_cast<osgParticle::SmokeEffect*>(
smoke->clone(osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL));
std::cout<<pClone<<std::endl;
}
{
osgParticle::FireEffect* pClone =
dynamic_cast<osgParticle::FireEffect*>(
fire->clone(osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL));
std::cout<<pClone<<std::endl;
}
*/
explosion->setWind(wind);
explosionDebri->setWind(wind);
smoke->setWind(wind);
fire->setWind(wind);
root->addChild(explosion);
root->addChild(explosionDebri);
root->addChild(smoke);
root->addChild(fire);
}
// create the moving models.
{
root->addChild(createMovingModel(osg::Vec3(500.0f,500.0f,500.0f),300.0f));
}
}
// class to handle events with a pick
class PickHandler : public osgGA::GUIEventHandler {
public:
PickHandler() {}
bool handle(const osgGA::GUIEventAdapter& ea,osgGA::GUIActionAdapter& aa)
{
switch(ea.getEventType())
{
case(osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::PUSH):
{
osgProducer::Viewer* viewer =
dynamic_cast<osgProducer::Viewer*>(&aa);
pick(viewer,ea);
}
return false;
default:
return false;
}
}
void pick(osgProducer::Viewer* viewer, const osgGA::GUIEventAdapter& ea)
{
osg::Group* root = dynamic_cast<osg::Group*>(viewer->getSceneData());
if (!root) return;
osgUtil::IntersectVisitor::HitList hlist;
if (viewer->computeIntersections(ea.getX(),ea.getY(),hlist))
{
osgUtil::Hit& hit = hlist.front();
bool handleMovingModels = false;
const osg::NodePath& nodePath = hit.getNodePath();
for(osg::NodePath::const_iterator nitr=nodePath.begin();
nitr!=nodePath.end();
++nitr)
{
const osg::Transform* transform = dynamic_cast<const
osg::Transform*>(*nitr);
if (transform)
{
if (transform->getDataVariance()==osg::Object::DYNAMIC)
handleMovingModels=true;
}
}
osg::Vec3 position = handleMovingModels ?
hit.getLocalIntersectPoint() : hit.getWorldIntersectPoint();
float scale = 10.0f * ((float)rand() / (float)RAND_MAX);
float intensity = 1.0f;
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect* explosion = new
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect(position, scale, intensity);
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect* explosionDebri = new
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect(position, scale, intensity);
osgParticle::FireEffect* fire = new
osgParticle::FireEffect(position, scale, intensity);
osgParticle::ParticleEffect* smoke = 0;
if (handleMovingModels)
smoke = new osgParticle::SmokeTrailEffect(position, scale,
intensity);
else
smoke = new osgParticle::SmokeEffect(position, scale,
intensity);
explosion->setWind(wind);
explosionDebri->setWind(wind);
smoke->setWind(wind);
fire->setWind(wind);
osg::Group* effectsGroup = new osg::Group;
effectsGroup->addChild(explosion);
effectsGroup->addChild(explosionDebri);
effectsGroup->addChild(smoke);
effectsGroup->addChild(fire);
if (handleMovingModels)
{
// insert particle effects alongside the hit node, therefore
able to track that nodes movement,
// however, this does require us to insert the ParticleSystem
itself into the root of the scene graph
// seperately from the the main particle effects group which
contains the emitters and programs.
// the follow code block implements this, note the path for
handling particle effects which arn't attached to
// moving models is easy - just a single line of code!
// tell the effects not to attach to the particle system
locally for rendering, as we'll handle add it into the
// scene graph ourselves.
explosion->setUseLocalParticleSystem(false);
explosionDebri->setUseLocalParticleSystem(false);
smoke->setUseLocalParticleSystem(false);
fire->setUseLocalParticleSystem(false);
// find a place to insert the particle effects group alongside
the hit node.
// there are two possible ways that this can be done, either
insert it into
// a pre-existing group along side the hit node, or if no pre
existing group
// is found then this needs to be inserted above the hit node,
and then the
// particle effect can be inserted into this.
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geode> hitGeode = hit.getGeode();
osg::Node::ParentList parents = hitGeode->getParents();
osg::Group* insertGroup = 0;
unsigned int numGroupsFound = 0;
for(osg::Node::ParentList::iterator itr=parents.begin();
itr!=parents.end();
++itr)
{
if (typeid(*(*itr))==typeid(osg::Group))
{
++numGroupsFound;
insertGroup = *itr;
}
}
if (numGroupsFound==parents.size() && numGroupsFound==1 &&
insertGroup)
{
osg::notify(osg::INFO)<<"PickHandler::pick(,) hit node's
parent is a single osg::Group so we can simple the insert the particle effects
group here."<<std::endl;
// just reuse the existing group.
insertGroup->addChild(effectsGroup);
}
else
{
osg::notify(osg::INFO)<<"PickHandler::pick(,) hit node
doesn't have an appropriate osg::Group node to insert particle effects into,
inserting a new osg::Group."<<std::endl;
insertGroup = new osg::Group;
for(osg::Node::ParentList::iterator itr=parents.begin();
itr!=parents.end();
++itr)
{
(*itr)->replaceChild(hit.getGeode(),insertGroup);
}
insertGroup->addChild(hitGeode.get());
insertGroup->addChild(effectsGroup);
}
// finally insert the particle systems into a Geode and attach
to the root of the scene graph so the particle system
// can be rendered.
osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
geode->addDrawable(explosion->getParticleSystem());
geode->addDrawable(explosionDebri->getParticleSystem());
geode->addDrawable(smoke->getParticleSystem());
geode->addDrawable(fire->getParticleSystem());
root->addChild(geode);
}
else
{
// when we don't have moving models we can simple insert the
particle effect into the root of the scene graph
osg::notify(osg::INFO)<<"PickHandler::pick(,) adding particle
effects to root node."<<std::endl;
root->addChild(effectsGroup);
}
#if 0
osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
geode->addDrawable(new osg::ShapeDrawable(new
osg::Sphere(position,scale)));
group->addChild(geode);
#endif
}
}
protected:
virtual ~PickHandler() {}
};
// function used in debugging
void insertParticle(osg::Group* root, const osg::Vec3& center, float radius)
{
bool handleMovingModels = false;
osg::Vec3 position = center +
osg::Vec3( radius * (((float)rand() / (float)RAND_MAX)-0.5)*2.0,
radius * (((float)rand() / (float)RAND_MAX)-0.5)*2.0,
0.0f);
float scale = 10.0f * ((float)rand() / (float)RAND_MAX);
float intensity = 1.0f;
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect* explosion = new
osgParticle::ExplosionEffect(position, scale, intensity);
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect* explosionDebri = new
osgParticle::ExplosionDebrisEffect(position, scale, intensity);
osgParticle::FireEffect* fire = new osgParticle::FireEffect(position,
scale, intensity);
osgParticle::ParticleEffect* smoke = 0;
if (handleMovingModels)
smoke = new osgParticle::SmokeTrailEffect(position, scale, intensity);
else
smoke = new osgParticle::SmokeEffect(position, scale, intensity);
explosion->setWind(wind);
explosionDebri->setWind(wind);
smoke->setWind(wind);
fire->setWind(wind);
osg::Group* effectsGroup = new osg::Group;
effectsGroup->addChild(explosion);
effectsGroup->addChild(explosionDebri);
effectsGroup->addChild(smoke);
effectsGroup->addChild(fire);
root->addChild(effectsGroup);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// main()
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// use an ArgumentParser object to manage the program arguments.
osg::ArgumentParser arguments(&argc,argv);
// set up the usage document, in case we need to print out how to use this
program.
arguments.getApplicationUsage()->setDescription(arguments.getApplicationName()+"
is the example which demonstrates use of particle systems.");
arguments.getApplicationUsage()->setCommandLineUsage(arguments.getApplicationName()+"
[options] image_file_left_eye image_file_right_eye");
arguments.getApplicationUsage()->addCommandLineOption("-h or
--help","Display this information");
// construct the viewer.
osgProducer::Viewer viewer(arguments);
// set up the value with sensible default event handlers.
viewer.setUpViewer(osgProducer::Viewer::STANDARD_SETTINGS);
// get details on keyboard and mouse bindings used by the viewer.
viewer.getUsage(*arguments.getApplicationUsage());
// register the pick handler
viewer.getEventHandlerList().push_front(new PickHandler());
// if user request help write it out to cout.
if (arguments.read("-h") || arguments.read("--help"))
{
arguments.getApplicationUsage()->write(std::cout);
return 1;
}
// any option left unread are converted into errors to write out later.
arguments.reportRemainingOptionsAsUnrecognized();
// report any errors if they have occured when parsing the program aguments.
if (arguments.errors())
{
arguments.writeErrorMessages(std::cout);
return 1;
}
osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;
build_world(root);
osgUtil::Optimizer optimizer;
optimizer.optimize(root);
// add a viewport to the viewer and attach the scene graph.
viewer.setSceneData(root);
// create the windows and run the threads.
viewer.realize();
// osg::Vec3 center = root->getBound().center();
// float radius = root->getBound().radius();
while( !viewer.done() )
{
// wait for all cull and draw threads to complete.
viewer.sync();
// insertParticle(root, center, radius);
// update the scene by traversing it with the the update visitor which
will
// call all node update callbacks and animations.
viewer.update();
// fire off the cull and draw traversals of the scene.
viewer.frame();
}
// wait for all cull and draw threads to complete.
viewer.sync();
// run a clean up frame to delete all OpenGL objects.
viewer.cleanup_frame();
// wait for all the clean up frame to complete.
viewer.sync();
return 0;
}
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