Here is an update to my measurements based on the inputs I received in this
thread. What I finally did: 
* set each dongle (E4k, FC0013, R820T) to its maximum gain setting. For the RF
gain value I based the setting on the rtl-sdr library values, and for the E4k I
just experimented with the IF gain setting. BB setting (in the osmocom sdr 
source
of gnuradio) does not seem to have any effect on these dongles so I settled for
E4k: RFG=39, IFG=45 ; FC0013: RFG=20 ; R820T: RFG=50
* I measured the RF and FM/AM demodulated output power and SNR for a given 
synthesizer
output power, even though this figure does not seem relevant
* following the advice give here, I tuned the synthesizer output power in order 
to
reach a 10 dB SNR on the demodulated output. I do not have a power meter to 
check
the power output of the synthesizer but being a rather new Rohde & Schwartz 
SMA100A
synthesizer, I am confident the reading is accurate (their frequency 
calibration is
excellent -- in the ppb range accuracy -- so I am confident on their power 
output as well).

FM modulation: synthesizer output power in order to reach 10 dB SNR (10 kHz 
modulation, 
5 kHz deviation). All values in dBm
            E4k   FC0013   R820T
137 MHz   -106     -108    -112
434 MHz   -102     -110    -112
1500 MHz   -93     -57     -50

AM modulation: synthesizer output power in order to reach 10 dB SNR (3 kHz 
modulation, 
30%). All values in dBm
            E4k   FC0013   R820T
137 MHz    -101    -101     -91
434 MHz    -108    -110     -97 
1500 MHz   -101    -58      -27

So obviously E4k is the only option for GPS reception. I hope you find these 
readings useful.

Thanks for the help, JM

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