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20031017-27# Resuscitation of newborn
infants with 21% or 100% oxygen: follow-up at 18 to 24
months - Pediatrics , vol 112, no 2, part 1, August 2003, pp
296-300 Saugstad OD; Ramji S; Irani SF; et al - (August
2003) |
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OBJECTIVE: To follow-up children who had been
resuscitated at birth with either 21% or 100% oxygen (O2). METHODS: A
multicenter study with 10 participating centers recruited 609 infants to
the Resair 2 study where resuscitation was performed with either 21% or
100% O2. A follow-up between ages 18 and 24 months was performed. However,
during follow-up registration, it was found that 18 infants had been
enrolled twice in the original Resair 2 study with different registration
numbers, leaving 591 enrolled in the Resair 2 study and 410 enrolled in
the 7 centers participating in the follow-up. Of these 410 infants, 79
died (76 in the neonatal and 3 in the postneonatal period). Furthermore,
for 8 infants informed consent was not obtained, leaving 323 eligible for
follow-up. Of these, 213 infants (66%) were followed-up: 91 (62%) had been
resuscitated with 21% O2, and 122 (69%) with 100% O2. At a median age of
22 and 20 months (not significant) in the 21% and 100% groups,
respectively, a simple questionnaire was filled out and neurologic
assessment was performed in addition to measuring anthropometric data.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences in weight, height, or head
circumference between the 2 groups. Cerebral palsy developed in 10% and
7%, respectively, in the 2 groups (not significant). In total, 11 cases
(12%) in the 21% versus 11 cases (9%) in the 100% O(2) group (odds ratio:
1.39, 95% confidence interval: 0.57-3.36) developed cerebral palsy and/or
mental or other delay. Furthermore, it was concluded that 14 (15%) in the
21% group and 12 (10%) in the 100% group were not normal (odds ratio:
1.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.73-3.80). CONCLUSIONS: There were no
significant differences in somatic growth or neurologic handicap at an age
of 18 to 24 months in infants resuscitated with either 21% or 100% O2 at
birth. Based on these data, resuscitation with ambient air seems to be
safe, at least in most cases. More studies are needed to settle this
issue. (15 references)
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