Sever Oraz writes:
Apologies, I should have included a reference to FS#49104 [1]. As you both
have suggested, it is used in some locales, but more generally, by
adherents to the SI [2] and to the ISO 31-0 [4], which include the
scientific and engineering communities even in English speaking countries.

...but it's extremely rare to see it outside of contexts which care about this standard :-)

It is possibly a good idea to insert this space conditionally if the locale
in use specifies adherence to the SI; however, since there doesn't seem to
be a universally followed rule regarding this topic [3], it may be also be
a good idea to default to a well-defined and widely-followed norm where
this is regulated, such as the SI brochure and ISO 31-0. Let me know what
you think is best.

I am against it, at least for LANG=C or LANG=en*. It's extremely rare to intentionally space the percent sign like this like this in these kinds of user-facing application contexts in English, regardless of what some standard says.

As some anecdotes:

- English Wikipedia, no space: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Percentages
- NASA, no space: https://climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus/
- Royal Society, no space: 
https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/projects/uk-research-and-european-union/role-of-eu-researcher-collaboration-and-mobility/snapshot-of-the-UK-research-workforce/

We do not use the spaced percent in contexts like this whatsoever, so what some standard says is meaningless. What's normal is descriptive, not prescriptive.

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