Biosemiotic has two branches: zoosemiotic and phytosemiotic. For a review of the literature about plants up to 2016, see "Intelligence, cognition, and language of green plants", by Anthony Trewavas: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4845027/ The Wikipedia article on plant perception also has a good survey of the issues: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_perception_(physiology) . Among many other examples, it mentions the sunflower. Some trees recognize their own seedlings, and they can exert some control over soil humidity and nutrients that can give their own seedlings a competitive advantage. These are among the many reasons why an exclusive emphasis on human cognition does not provide enough perspective on the issues of semeiosis. The fundamental definitions should be broad enough to cover "any scientific intelligence", by which Peirce meant the ability to learn from experience. As examples, Peirce mentioned dogs and parrots. But plants can also learn from experience, and they can communicate with other plants of the same or different species. When you mow the lawn and enjoy the pleasant smell of freshly cut grass, you are detecting the alarm call of the grass plants. (I apologize if that point disturbs your enjoyment.) John
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