The outmigration of Malaylis is higher than most other ethnic communities.
What I am saying that Keralites leave Kerala and work in other parts of
India more than say migrate abroad. For example, school teachers, petty
officers in government/corporations, nurses (also in the US/Middle East),
etc. Certainly economic conditions at home (Kerala) has a bearing on
this, including education. At some level the causes are the same: more
education, less opportunities, so outmigrate (destination of your choice).
Yashwant Sinha, the Indian finance minister said in Davos, in the context
of global inequality, that 38% of doctors in the US are of Indian orgin
and 34% of NASA scientists (I can't verify this, but the numbers are
high).
As to Doug's point: the degree of frustration correlates with higher
level of education (a la the UN official). But such frustration need
not be expressed by migration by lower income groups since their
education levels are also lower. And this is pretty much the case with
the rest of India, nothing particular about Kerala itself.
Cheers, Anthony
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Anthony P. D'Costa
Associate Professor Ph: (253) 692-4462
Comparative International Development Fax: (253) 692-5718
University of Washington Box Number: 358436
1900 Commerce Street
Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
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On Tue, 30 Jan 2001, Jim Devine wrote:
> Date: Tue, 30 Jan 2001 11:26:12 -0800
> From: Jim Devine <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Subject: [PEN-L:7543] Re: Re: Keralan growth
>
> I wrote:
> >>also, doesn't per capita GDP growth in essence measure only growth of
> >>market-oriented production and would thus miss the growth of goods and
> >>services that aren't distributed through markets? Aren't measures of
> >>literacy, life expectancy, etc. better measures of what we on pen-l value
> >>than is GDP? Isn't that why heterodox economists have developed
> >>alternative "progress indicators" to replace GDP as measures of success?
>
> Doug writes:
> >True, but as a Kerala native who left to work for the UN once told me, if
> >you combine high levels of social development with low levels of economic
> >development, you get people with high but frustrated expectations, which
> >they express by leaving. Something similar happened in Eastern Europe and
> >the FSU, too, I'd say.
>
> to quibble, shouldn't we separate "economic development" from "growth of
> per capita GDP"? I guess what you're saying is that if development is
> serving the collective but doesn't promote individual monetary prosperity
> (which is measured by GDP-type measures), that some individuals will be
> frustrated and leave. I'd agree that this is a problem, but don't lots of
> educated folks leave _all_ parts of India, i.e., including those that
> haven't had Kerala-type development? (Some startlingly large percentage of
> U.S. medical doctors come from India.) Is there any reason to believe that
> people abandon Kerala more than they do other places in India?
>
> inquiring minds want to know,
>
> Jim Devine [EMAIL PROTECTED] & http://bellarmine.lmu.edu/~jdevine
>
>
