The Power of Market Fundamentalism: Karl Polanyi’s Critique
by Fred Block and Margaret Somers
Harvard University Press, $49.95 (cloth)

Karl Polanyi is far less well known than the big three of economics: 
Marx, Keynes, and Hayek. But Polanyi’s ideas are distinct. Like Marx, he 
viewed capitalist markets as harmful and a source of social catastrophe. 
But unlike Marx, he thought they were necessary. Like Keynes, he 
rejected a zero-sum approach to politics, arguing instead that 
working-class gains could be achieved alongside business gains. Unlike 
Keynes, he rejected technocratic politics in which well-trained 
bureaucrats manage an economy. Instead, Polanyi favored a politics of 
direct democracy that emphasizes the active political contention and 
mobilization of all the different segments of society. Finally, he 
stands in starkest contrast to Hayek. Polanyi challenges the choice 
between free markets and regulated markets as a false one. Not only are 
efforts to impose free markets destructive, the assumption that markets 
can, in principle, be free has never been true, nor could it be.

full: 
http://bostonreview.net/books-ideas/michael-mccarthy-block-somers-market-fundamentalism-karl-polanyi
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