Author: larry
Date: Thu Sep 13 17:26:46 2007
New Revision: 14461
Modified:
doc/trunk/design/syn/S03.pod
Log:
typos and such
Modified: doc/trunk/design/syn/S03.pod
==============================================================================
--- doc/trunk/design/syn/S03.pod (original)
+++ doc/trunk/design/syn/S03.pod Thu Sep 13 17:26:46 2007
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
=head1 Overview
-For a summary of the changes from Perl 5, see L</Changes to Perl 5 operators>.
+For a summary of the changes from Perl 5, see L</Changes to Perl 5 operators>.
=head1 Operator precedence
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
4,3, sort 2,1 # 4,3,1,2
-As in Perl 5, a list operator looks like a term to the expression on
+As in Perl 5, a list operator looks like a term to the expression on
its left, so it binds tighter than comma on the left but looser than
comma on the right--see List operator precedence below.
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@
$obj.::Class::meth
$obj.Class::meth # same thing, assuming Class is predeclared
-As in Perl 5, tells the dispatcher which class to start searching from,
+As in Perl 5, tells the dispatcher which class to start searching from,
not the exact method to call.
=item *
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
will always result in a compile-time error indicating the user should
use C<< infix:<~> >> instead. This is to catch an error likely to
-be made by Perl 5 programmers learning Perl 6.
+be made by Perl 5 programmers learning Perl 6.
=back
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
behavior unless some explicit sequencing operator is interposed.
See L</Sequence points>.
-As with all postfix operators in Perl 6, no space is allowed between
+As with all postfix operators in Perl 6, no space is allowed between
a term and its postfix. See S02 for why, and for how to work around the
restriction with a "long dot".
@@ -355,9 +355,9 @@
say $x unless %seen{$x}++;
Increment of a C<Str> (in a suitable container) works similarly to
-Perl 5, but is generalized slightly.
+Perl 5, but is generalized slightly.
A scan is made for the final alphanumeric sequence in
-the string that is not preceded by a '.' character. Unlike in Perl 5, this
+the string that is not preceded by a '.' character. Unlike in Perl 5, this
alphanumeric sequence need not be anchored to the beginning of the
string, nor does it need to begin with an alphabetic character;
the final sequence in the string matching C<< <!after '.'> <rangechar>+ >>
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
Character positions are incremented within their natural range for
any Unicode range that is deemed to represent the digits 0..9 or
-that is deemed to be a complete cyclical alphabet for a (one case
+that is deemed to be a complete cyclical alphabet for (one case
of) a (Unicode) script. Only scripts that represent their alphabet
in codepoints that form a cycle independent of other alphabets may
be so used. (This specification defers to the users of such a script
@@ -396,8 +396,8 @@
sends a "carry" to the position left of it, and that position is
then incremented in its own range. If and only if the leftmost
position is exhausted in its range, an additional character of the
-same range is inserted to hold the carry in the same fashion as Perl
-5, so incrementing '(zz99)' turns into '(aaa00)' and incrementing
+same range is inserted to hold the carry in the same fashion as Perl 5,
+so incrementing '(zz99)' turns into '(aaa00)' and incrementing
'(99zz)' turns into '(100aa)'.
The following Unicode ranges are some of the possible rangechar ranges.
@@ -435,19 +435,19 @@
①..⑳ # circled digits 1..20
⒜..⒵ # parenthesize lc
⚀..⚅ # die faces 1..6
- ❶..❿ # dingbat negative circuled 1..10
+ ❶..❿ # dingbat negative circled 1..10
etc.
While it doesn't really make sense to "carry" such numbers when they
reach the end of their cycle, treating such values as incrementable may
be convenient for writing outlines and similar numbered bullet items.
(Note that we can't just increment unrecognized characters, because
-we have to recognize the final sequence of rangechars before knowing
+we have to locate the string's final sequence of rangechars before knowing
which portion of the string to increment. Note also that all character
increments can be handled by lookup in a single table of successors
since we've defined our ranges not to include overlapping cycles.)
-Perl 6 also supports C<Str> decrement with similar semantics, simply by
+Perl 6 also supports C<Str> decrement with similar semantics, simply by
running the cycles the other direction. However, leftmost characters
are never removed, and the decrement fails when you reach a string like
"aaa" or "000".
@@ -543,8 +543,8 @@
+$x
-Unlike in Perl 5, where C<+> is a no-op, this operator coerces
-to numeric context in Perl 6. (It coerces only the value, not the
+Unlike in Perl 5, where C<+> is a no-op, this operator coerces
+to numeric context in Perl 6. (It coerces only the value, not the
original variable.) The narrowest appropriate type of C<Int>, C<Num>,
or C<Complex> will be returned. A string containing two integers
separated by a C</> will be returned as a C<Rat>. Exponential notation
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@
returns the result as a single concatenated string regardless of context.
If the count is less than 1, returns the null string.
-The count may not be C<*> because Perl 6 does not support
+The count may not be C<*> because Perl 6 does not support
infinite strings. (At least, not yet...) Note, however, that an
infinite string may be emulated with C<cat($string xx *)>.
@@ -907,8 +907,8 @@
rand sleep abs etc.
-Note that, unlike in Perl 5, you must use the C<.meth> forms to default
-to C<$_> in Perl 6.
+Note that, unlike in Perl 5, you must use the C<.meth> forms to default
+to C<$_> in Perl 6.
=back
@@ -968,7 +968,7 @@
== != < <= > >=
-As in Perl 5, converts to C<Num> before comparison. C<!=> is short for C<!==>.
+As in Perl 5, converts to C<Num> before comparison. C<!=> is short for C<!==>.
=item *
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@
eq ne lt le gt ge
-As in Perl 5, converts to C<Str> before comparison. C<ne> is short for C<!eq>.
+As in Perl 5, converts to C<Str> before comparison. C<ne> is short for C<!eq>.
=item *
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@
$obj ~~ $pattern
-Perl 5's C<=~> becomes the "smart match" operator C<~~>, with an
+Perl 5's C<=~> becomes the "smart match" operator C<~~>, with an
extended set of semantics. See L</Smart matching> for details.
To catch "brainos", the Perl 6 parser defines an C<< infix:<=~> >>
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@
Compares two objects for canonical equivalence. For value types compares
the values. For object types, compares current contents according to some
scheme of canonicalization. These semantics are those used by hashes
-that allow only values for keys (such as Perl 5 string-key hashes).
+that allow only values for keys (such as Perl 5 string-key hashes).
See also L</Comparison semantics>.
=item *
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@
C<< infix:<?> >>
To catch likely errors by people familiar with C-derived languages
-(including Perl 5), a bare question mark in infix position will
+(including Perl 5), a bare question mark in infix position will
produce an error suggesting that the user use C<?? !!> instead.
=item *
@@ -1287,7 +1287,7 @@
arguments to functions. It provides item context to both sides.
It does not actually do an assignment except in a notional sense;
however its precedence is now equivalent to assignment, and it is
-also right associative. Note that, unlike in Perl 5, C<< => >>
+also right associative. Note that, unlike in Perl 5, C<< => >>
binds tighter than comma.
=item *
@@ -1328,7 +1328,7 @@
1, 2, 3, @many
-Unlike in Perl 5, comma operator never returns the last value. (In item
+Unlike in Perl 5, comma operator never returns the last value. (In item
context it returns a list instead.)
=back
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@
item foo()
-The new name for Perl 5's C<scalar> contextualizer. Equivalent to C<$()>.
+The new name for Perl 5's C<scalar> contextualizer. Equivalent to C<$()>.
We still call the values scalars, and talk about "scalar operators", but
scalar operators are those that put their arguments into item context.
@@ -1578,7 +1578,7 @@
slice foo()
Forces the subsequent expression to be evaluated in slice context.
-(Slices are considered to be potentially multidimensional in Perl 6.)
+(Slices are considered to be potentially multidimensional in Perl 6.)
A list of C<Capture>s will be transformed into a list of lists.
Equivalent to C<@@()>.
@@ -1786,15 +1786,15 @@
Perl 5's C<${...}>, C<@{...}>, C<%{...}>, etc. dereferencing
forms are now C<$(...)>, C<@(...)>, C<%(...)>, etc. instead.
Listop-like forms use the bare sigil following by whitespace.
-Use of the Perl 5 curly forms will result in an error message
+Use of the Perl 5 curly forms will result in an error message
pointing the user to the new forms.
=item *
C<< -> >> becomes C<.>, like the rest of the world uses. There is
a pseudo C<< postfix:{'->'} >> operator that produces a compile-time
-error reminding Perl 5 users to use dot instead. (The "pointy block"
-use of C<< -> >> in Perl 5 requires preceding whitespace when the arrow
+error reminding Perl 5 users to use dot instead. (The "pointy block"
+use of C<< -> >> in Perl 5 requires preceding whitespace when the arrow
could be confused with a postfix, that is when an infix is expected.
Preceding whitespace is not required in term position.)
@@ -1848,7 +1848,7 @@
But that demonstrates the other advantage of the method form, which is
that it allows the "unary dot" syntax to test the current topic.
-Unlike in earlier versions of Perl 6, these filetests do not return
+Unlike in earlier versions of Perl 6, these filetests do not return
stat buffers, but simple scalars of type C<Bool>, C<Int>, or C<Num>.
In general, the user need not worry about caching the stat buffer
@@ -1866,7 +1866,7 @@
Note that C<:s> still returns the filesize, but C<:!s> is true
only if the file is of size 0.
-(Inadvertent use of the Perl 5 forms will normally result in treatment
+(Inadvertent use of the Perl 5 forms will normally result in treatment
as a negated postdeclared subroutine, which is likely to produce an
error message at the end of compilation.)
@@ -2311,7 +2311,7 @@
=item *
-Perl 5's comparison operators are basically unchanged, except that they
+Perl 5's comparison operators are basically unchanged, except that they
can be chained because their precedence is unified.
=item *
@@ -2560,7 +2560,7 @@
=head1 Smart matching
-Here is the table of smart matches for standard Perl 6
+Here is the table of smart matches for standard Perl 6
(that is, the dialect of Perl in effect at the start of your
compilation unit). Smart matching is generally done on the current
"topic", that is, on C<$_>. In the table below, C<$_> represents the
@@ -2708,7 +2708,7 @@
defined in the grammar. The C<TOP> method may either be a rule
itself, or may call the actual top rule automatically. How the
C<Grammar> determines the top rule is up to the grammar, but normal
-Perl 6 grammars will default to setting top to the first rule in the
+Perl 6 grammars will default to setting top to the first rule in the
original base grammar. Derived grammars then inherit this idea of
the top rule. This may be overridden in either the base grammar or a
derived grammar by explicitly naming a rule C<TOP>, or defining your
