You're getting a stack trace that's missing the helpful bits, because they go through the core setting, and our default backtrace printer skips those.
You can get the vital information you need by supplying --ll-exception directly after perl6. It'll show you that calling the sub "say" will grab $*OUT and call .print on it with what your $*OUT's nl-out method returns concatenated at the end. The reason why you get the "expected 1 but got 2" is that your $*OUT inherits the default print method from Mu, which takes no arguments (the 1 argument it does expect is just the "self", aka the invocant). BTW, there's two modules in the ecosystem that basically do exactly what you're trying to do here. They are called IO::String and IO::Capture::Simple. Hope that helps! - Timo On 01/24/2017 11:28 PM, Brian Duggan wrote: > Hi All, > > This code: > > my $str = ''; > class Mock { > method say($arg) { $str ~= $arg } > } > $*OUT = Mock.new; > say 'hi'; > > produces: > > Too many positionals passed; expected 1 argument but got 2 > in block <unit> at out.p6 line 6 > > Changing the signature of say doesn't seem to help. > > If I change 'say' to 'print' in Mock, things work > fine, though I'm having a hard time figuring out why > the code above doesn't work. Any ideas? > > thanks > Brian