"Nick Renders" <postg...@arcict.com> writes:
> [ pg_upgrade fails with ]
>       connection to database failed: fe_sendauth: no password supplied
>       could not connect to source postmaster started with the command:
>       "/Library/PostgreSQL/11/bin/pg_ctl" -w -l "pg_upgrade_server.log" -D 
> "/Volumes/Postgres_Data/PostgreSQL/11/data" -o "-p 49156 -b  -c 
> listen_addresses='' -c unix_socket_permissions=0700 -c 
> unix_socket_directories='/Volumes/Free/Upgrade'" start

> According to the documentation, the connection should be established 
> with the data in the .pgpass file. Its contents look like this (the 
> password has been changed) :
>       localhost:49155:*:postgres:password1234
>       localhost:49156:*:postgres:password1234

I think this is explained by this statement in the libpq documentation:

    The host name localhost is also searched for when the connection is a
    Unix-domain socket connection and the host parameter matches libpq's
    default socket directory path.

pg_upgrade will use a Unix-domain socket (unless on Windows), but it
intentionally puts it in a non-default place --- we can see
        unix_socket_directories='/Volumes/Free/Upgrade'
in your example.  That's meant to ensure that outside clients can't
connect to the postmaster(s) during the upgrade, but it's not interacting
too well with this behavior of libpq.

I don't recall for sure, but I think you could have made this work
by putting the socket path (/Volumes/Free/Upgrade) instead of
"localhost" in the .pgpass file.

                        regards, tom lane


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